if i add 45.0 g of sodium chloride to 500.0 g of water, what will be the melting point and the boiling point of the solution? assume the freezing point and boiling point of water are exactly 0 oc and 100 oc, respectively.

Answers

Answer 1

If we add 45.0 g of sodium chloride to 500.0 g of water,  the melting point is -  5.7 °C and the boiling point of the solution is 101.5 °C.

The mass of the NaCl = 45 g

The mass of the water = 500 g

The moles of the NaCl = mass / molar mass

                                      = 45 / 58.44

                                      = 0.770 mol

The molality is expressed as :

b = moles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

b = 0.770 / 0.5

b = 1.54 m

The boiling-point elevation  :

ΔTb = 2 × 0.512 × 1.54

       = 1.5 ° C

The boiling point, Tb = 100°C + 1.5 °C

                                   = 101.5 °C

The expression is as :

ΔTf = 2 × 1.86 × 1.54

     = 5.7 °C

The melting point = 0 - 5.7

                              = - 5.7 °C

To learn more about boiling point here

https://brainly.com/question/17478959

#SPJ4


Related Questions

A student has a sample of copper (I) sulfate hydrate. If the hydrate has a mass of 20 grams and the anhydrous salt has a mass of 12 grams, what is the percent of water in the sample? %

Answers

Student has a sample of copper (I) sulfate hydrate, then the percent of water in the sample is 40%.

What is meant by a hydrate?

In chemistry, a hydrate is a compound that contains water molecules that are chemically bound to the atoms or ions of the compound.

Mass of the anhydrous salt is given as 12 grams.

So, mass of water = total mass - mass of anhydrous salt

mass of water = 20 g - 12 g

mass of water = 8 g

Now, % water = (mass of water ÷ total mass) × 100

% water = (8 g ÷ 20 g) × 100

% water = 40%

Therefore, the percent of water in the sample is 40%.

To know more about hydrate, refer

https://brainly.com/question/16275027

#SPJ1

A 17. 98-g piece of iron absorbs 2056. 5 joules of heat energy, and its temperature changes from 25°C to 200°C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron

Answers

The specific heat capacity of iron is 0.449 J/g°C.

The quantity of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius is the substance's specific heat capacity.

The specific heat capacity of iron can be calculated using the formula:

q = mcΔT

where q is the heat energy absorbed by the iron, m is the mass of the iron, c is the specific heat capacity of iron, and ΔT is the change in temperature of the iron.

Substituting the given values:

2056.5 J = (17.98 g) × c × (200°C - 25°C)

2056.5 J = (17.98 g) × c × (175°C)

Solving for c:

c = 0.449 J/g°C

To learn more about heat follow the link:

https://brainly.com/question/11297584

#SPJ4

What is the density of ammonia (in g/L) at 646 torr and 10°C? *


Molar Mass of Ammonia = 17. 04


R = ((0. 0821 atm*L)/(mol*k)

Answers

To find the density of ammonia (NH3) at 646 torr and 10°C, we need to use the Ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where R is the gas constant, n is the number of moles, P is pressure, V is volume, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

We must first change the pressure from torr to atm:

646 torr = 0.852 atm

The temperature is then changed from Celsius to Kelvin:

10°C + 273.15 = 283.15 K

Now, we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for density (d):

d = (PM) / (RT)

M is the ammonia's molar mass.

With the supplied values and constants, we obtain:

d = (0.852 atm)(17.04 g/mol) / ((0.0821 atm*L)/(mol*K))(283.15 K)

d = 0.736 g/L

Therefore, the density of ammonia at 646 torr and 10°C is 0.736 g/L.

What do you mean by density of ammonia?

The density of ammonia refers to the mass of ammonia gas per unit volume. The standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is defined as a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 Kelvin) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.325 kilopascals or 760 millimeters of mercury), is used to measure the density of ammonia, a colorless gas that is lighter than air.

At STP, the density of ammonia gas is approximately 0.771 grams per liter (g/L) or 0.771 kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3). However, the density of ammonia can vary depending on the temperature, pressure, and other factors such as the presence of impurities or moisture.

The density of ammonia is an important property in many applications, particularly in the chemical industry. It is used to calculate the amount of ammonia needed for a particular reaction or process, and can also be used to determine the mass or volume of ammonia gas in a storage tank or container.

To know more about density of ammonia:

https://brainly.com/question/31426126

#SPJ11

Calculate the specific heat in J/(g·ºC) of an unknown substance if a 2. 50-g sample releases 12. 0 cal as its temperature changes from 25. 0ºC to 20. 0ºC. ________J/(g·°C)

Answers

The specific heat in J/(g·ºC) of an unknown substance if a 2. 50-g sample releases 12. 0 cal as its temperature changes from 25. 0ºC to 20. 0ºC. 2.02  J/(g·ºC).

The specific heat of the unknown substance can be calculated using the formula:
q = m x c x ΔT


where q is the heat released, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

First, we need to convert the given heat release from calories to joules:
12.0 cal x 4.184 J/cal = 50.208 J

Next, we can plug in the given values and solve for c:
50.208 J = 2.50 g x c x (25.0°C - 20.0°C)
c = 2.02 J/(g·°C)


To know more about specific heat click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/11297584#

#SPJ11

QUESTION 6



Write the electron configuration of the following ions. Use the equation editing tool for neatness. It is symbolized with fx.



B a to the power of 2 plus end exponent C a to the power of 2 plus end exponent C u to the power of 2 plus end exponent L i to the power of plus K to the power of plus N a to the power of plus S r to the power of 2 plus end exponent

Answers

Electronic configuration of  Ba²⁺ is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶; Ca²⁺ is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶; Li⁺ is 1s²; K⁺ is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶; Na⁺ is 1s²2s²2p⁶; Sr²⁺is  1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶.

Electronic configuration of the elements present in the periodic table is defined as the designation of atoms on the basis of the electrons present in their shells and subshells. The electrons entering in the same valence shell are grouped together which shows similarity in case of physical and chemical properties. Atoms tend to lose electron and attain stable positive charge so as to attain their nearest noble gas configuration.

Electronic configuration of

Ba²⁺ = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶

Ca²⁺= 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶

Li⁺=1s²

K⁺ = 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶

Na⁺ = 1s²2s²2p⁶

Sr²⁺=  1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶

To know more about electronic configuration here

https://brainly.com/question/2218857

#SPJ4

2AgNO3(ag) + Cu(s)---> 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq)


How many moles of Ag will be produced from 3.50 g of Cu?

Answers

A total of 0.1102 moles of Ag will be produced from 3.50 g of Cu.

To determine the number of moles of Ag produced from 3.50 g of Cu, we need to use stoichiometry.

From the balanced chemical equation, we see that 1 mole of Cu reacts with 2 moles of Ag to produce 1 mole of Cu(NO₃)₂ and 2 moles of Ag.

First, we need to convert 3.50 g of Cu to moles by dividing by its molar mass, which is 63.55 g/mol.

3.50 g Cu / 63.55 g/mol = 0.0551 mol Cu

Next, we use the stoichiometry ratio to determine the number of moles of Ag produced:

0.0551 mol Cu x (2 mol Ag / 1 mol Cu) = 0.1102 mol Ag


In summary, we use stoichiometry to determine the number of moles of Ag produced from 3.50 g of Cu by first converting the mass of Cu to moles, and then using the stoichiometry ratio from the balanced chemical equation.

To know more about stoichiometry click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/30215297#

#SPJ11

A 4 L sample of gas at 30 degrees celcius and 1 atm is changed to 0 degrees celcius and 800torr. What is its new volume?

Answers

A 4 L sample of gas at 30 degrees celcius and 1 atm is changed to 0 degrees celcius and 800torr. 4.51 L is its new volume.

To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas.

[tex]P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2[/tex]

where P1, V1, and T1 are the initial conditions, and P2, V2, and T2 are the final conditions.

Substituting the given values, we get:

[tex]\left(\frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L}}}{{303 , \text{K}}}\right) = \left(\frac{{0.8 , \text{atm} \cdot V2}}{{273 , \text{K}}}\right)[/tex]

Solving for V2, we get:

[tex]V2 = \frac{{1 , \text{atm} \cdot 4 , \text{L} \cdot 273 , \text{K}}}{{303 , \text{K} \cdot 0.8 , \text{atm}}} = 4.51 , \text{L}[/tex]

Therefore, the new volume of the gas is 4.51 L when the temperature is changed from 30 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius and the pressure is changed from 1 atm to 800 torr.

To know more about the sample of gas refer here :

https://brainly.com/question/13137455#

#SPJ11

How many total electrons are transferred during the reaction of the oxidation of chromium



metal according to the following reaction?



4Cr(s) + 302(g)



-->



2Cr2O3(s)



O4 electrons



6 electrons



8 electrons



O2 electrons

Answers

In the reaction of the oxidation of chromium, 4 chromium atoms each lose 3 electrons to become positively charged ions, and 3 oxygen molecules each gain 4 electrons to become negatively charged ions. This means that a total of 12 electrons are transferred in the oxidation of chromium.


The oxidation of chromium can be broken down into two half-reactions:


1) The oxidation of chromium:
4Cr(s) --> 4Cr³⁺(aq) + 12e-

In this half-reaction, each

chromium atom loses 3 electrons to become a positively charged ion (Cr³⁺), and a total of 12 electrons are

transferred

.

2) The reduction of oxygen:
3O₂(g) + 12e- --> 6O²⁻(aq)

In this half-reaction, each oxygen molecule gains 4 electrons to become a negatively charged ion (O²⁻), and a total of 12 electrons are transferred.

Therefore, the total number of electrons transferred during the reaction of the oxidation of chromium is 12. It is important to note that this reaction involves the transfer of O₂ electrons, not O₄ electrons.

Learn more about "oxidation of chromium" https://brainly.com/question/31860895 #SPJ11

What set of coefficients will balance the chemical equation below:

___H2SO4 (aq) + ___NH4OH (aq) ---> ___H2O (l) + ___(NH4)2SO4 (aq)

A. 2,2,1,2

B. 1,2,2,1

C. 1,1,2,2

D. 1,3,2,1

Answers

The set of coefficients that will balance the chemical equation are: B.) 1, 2, 2, 1

What is meant by chemical reaction?

Chemical reactions are processes that cause one set of chemical elements to change into another set of chemical elements. During chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, bonds between atoms are broken and formed and then new compounds or molecules are produced.

Chemical reactions can be represented using the chemical equations, that show reactants and products.

The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is: H₂SO₄ (aq) + 2NH₄OH (aq) ---> 2H₂O (l) + (NH₄)2SO₄ (aq)

Therefore, the set of coefficients that will balance the chemical equation are: 1, 2, 2, 1.

To know more about chemical reaction, refer

https://brainly.com/question/25769000

#SPJ1

Alanine is also a_____amino acid and would have similar _____of leucine.

Thus, enzyme activity should be maintained because the ____ should not undergo major change.

Protein structure

protein function

interaction to those

polar acidic

polar basic

function to that

nonpolar

Answers

Alanine is also a non-polar amino acid and would have similar Protein structure of leucine. Thus, enzyme activity should be maintained because the polar basic should not undergo major change.

Alanine is an amino acid this is used to make proteins. It is used to interrupt down tryptophan and nutrition B-6. It is a supply of power for muscular tissues and the principal frightened gadget. It strengthens the immune gadget and allows the frame use sugars. Alanine is a nonacidic α-amino acid. Its aspect chain (a methyl group) is neither acidic (it isn't greater acidic than water) nor basic (it does now no longer have a nitrogen atom lone pair that isn't delocalized via way of means of resonance).

To learn more about amino acid check the link below-

https://brainly.com/question/14351754

#SPJ4

A sample of neon gas exerts a pressure of 1. 18 atm when the temperature is


400 K. What pressure is produced when the temperature is raised to 600 K?

Answers

The pressure produced when the temperature is raised to 600 K is 1.77 atm.

The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, according to the ideal gas law. This means that if the temperature of a gas increases, its pressure will increase proportionally, assuming that the volume and number of gas molecules remain constant.

In this problem, we are given the initial pressure of neon gas at 400 K, which is 1.18 atm. We need to find the pressure of the gas when the temperature is raised to 600 K.

To solve this problem, we can use the following formula:

P₂ = P₁ x (T₂/T₁)

where P₁ is the initial pressure, T₁ is the initial temperature, P₂ is the final pressure, and T₂ is the final temperature.

Substituting the given values, we get:

P₂ = 1.18 atm x (600 K/400 K)P₂ = 1.77 atm

Therefore, the pressure produced when the temperature is raised to 600 K is 1.77 atm. This means that the pressure of the neon gas increases by a factor of 1.5 when the temperature is increased from 400 K to 600 K.

To learn more about Gay-Lussac's law, here

https://brainly.com/question/1358307

#SPJ4

A 75.0 ml volume of 0.200 m nh3 (kb = 1.8 * 10^-5) is titration with 0.500 m hno3. calculate the ph after the addition of 19.0 ml of hno3

Answers

The pH after the addition of 19.0 ml of 0.500 M HNO₃ to a 75.0 ml volume of 0.200 M NH₃ (Kb = 1.8 * 10⁻⁵) is 9.11.

1. Calculate moles of NH₃ and HNO₃: moles NH₃ = 75.0 ml * 0.200 mol/L = 15.0 mmol, moles HNO₃ = 19.0 ml * 0.500 mol/L = 9.5 mmol


2. Find moles of NH₃ remaining: 15.0 mmol - 9.5 mmol = 5.5 mmol


3. Calculate new concentrations: [NH₃] = 5.5 mmol / (75.0 ml + 19.0 ml) = 0.055 mol/L, [NH₄⁺] = 9.5 mmol / (75.0 ml + 19.0 ml) = 0.095 mol/L


4. Apply the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH = pKa + log([NH₃]/[NH₄⁺])


5. Find pKa from Kb: pKa = 14 - log(Kb) = 14 - log(1.8 * 10⁻⁵) = 9.74


6. Calculate pH: pH = 9.74 + log(0.055/0.095) = 9.11

To know more about Henderson-Hasselbalch equation click on below link:

https://brainly.com/question/13423434#

#SPJ11

what reactions take place during the electrolysis of water? group of answer choices hydrogen is reduced; oxygen is oxidized oxygen is reduced; hydrogen is oxidized. oxygen gas is reduced; water is oxidized. water is reduced; oxygen gas is oxidized. both oxygen and hydrogen are oxidized and reduced.\

Answers

The electrolysis of water involves the passage of an electric current through water, which leads to the splitting of water molecules into their constituent elements, hydrogen and oxygen. The correct answer is (a)

This process occurs through two simultaneous half-reactions at the cathode and anode of the electrolysis cell.

At the cathode, hydrogen ions (H+) are reduced to hydrogen gas (H2) as they gain electrons from the electrode: [tex]2H+ + 2e-[/tex]→ [tex]H2[/tex]

At the anode, water molecules (H2O) are oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) and positively charged hydrogen ions (H+):  [tex]2H2O[/tex]→ [tex]O2 + 4H+ + 4e-[/tex]

Therefore, the correct answer is (a) hydrogen is reduced; oxygen is oxidized. During the electrolysis of water, hydrogen is reduced at the cathode, while oxygen is oxidized at the anode.

To know more about electrolysis cell, here

brainly.com/question/3614785

#SPJ4

--The complete question is, what reactions take place during the electrolysis of water?

group of answer choices

a.  hydrogen is reduced; oxygen is oxidized

b. oxygen is reduced; hydrogen is oxidized

c. . oxygen gas is reduced; water is oxidized.

d.  water is reduced; oxygen gas is oxidized.

e. both oxygen and hydrogen are oxidized and reduced.--

How many grams of KNO3 are needed to make 1. 50 liters of a 0. 50 M KNO3 solution?

Answers

75.83 grams of KNO3 are required to prepare a 0.50 M solution in 1.50 L of water.

To prepare a 0.50 M solution of KNO3 in 1.50 L of water, we can determine the amount of KNO3 required by using the formula:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

Rearranging the formula, we can calculate the number of moles of KNO3:

moles of KNO3 = Molarity x liters of solution

Given the values, we find:

moles of KNO3 = 0.50 M x 1.50 L = 0.75 moles

To find the mass of KNO3 needed, we need to use its molar mass:

molar mass of KNO3 = 101.10 g/mol

Therefore, the mass of KNO3 required is:

mass of KNO3 = moles of KNO3 x molar mass of KNO3

Substituting the values, we obtain:

mass of KNO3 = 0.75 moles x 101.10 g/mol = 75.83 g

Hence, to prepare a 0.50 M solution in 1.50 L of water, you would need 75.83 grams of KNO3.

Know more about Molarity here:

https://brainly.com/question/22997914

#SPJ11

A rigid container of N2 has a pressure at 378 kPa at a temperature of 413 K. What is the new pressure at 273 K?

Answers

The new pressure at 273 K, given that the initial pressure was 378 KPa, is 249.9 KPa

How do i determine the new presssure?

The following parameters were obtained from the question:

Initial pressure (P₁) = 378 KPaInitial temperature (T₁) = 413 KNew temperature (T₂) = 273 KNew pressure (P₂) = ?

The new pressure of the gas at 273 K can be obtained as shown below:

P₁ / T₁ = P₂/ T₂

378 / 413 = P₂ / 273

Cross multiply

413 × P₂ = 378 × 273

413 × P₂ = 103194

Divide both sides by 413

P₂ = 103194 / 413

P₂ = 249.9 KPa

Thus, from the above calculation, we can conclude the new pressure at 273 K is 249.9 KPa

Learn more about pressure:

https://brainly.com/question/15343985

#SPJ1

Question 1 (2 points)


2. 5 L of a gas is heated from 200 K to 300 K. What is the final volume of the gas?

Answers

The final volume of the gas is 3.75 L. This result can be explained by the fact that as the temperature of the gas increased, the kinetic energy of its particles also increased, causing them to move faster and occupy a larger volume.

According to the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature.

Therefore, if the temperature of a gas is increased while its pressure and amount remain constant, its volume will also increase.

In this case, the initial volume of the gas is 2.5 L and its temperature is increased from 200 K to 300 K. To find the final volume of the gas, we can use the following equation:

V2 = (T2/T1) x V1

where V1 is the initial volume of the gas, T1 is the initial temperature of the gas, T2 is the final temperature of the gas, and V2 is the final volume of the gas. Plugging in the values, we get:

V2 = (300 K/200 K) x 2.5 L

V2 = 3.75 L

to know more about ideal gas law refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/28257995#

#SPJ11




A 100. -gram sample of liquid water is heated from 20. 0°C to 50. 0°C. Enough KCIO3(s) is dissolved in the sample of water at 50. 0°C to form a saturated solution.


Based on Table G, determine the mass of KClO3(s) that must dissolve to make a saturated solution in 100. G of H20 at 50. 0°C

Answers

A 100 gram sample of liquid water is heated from 20. 0°C to 50. 0°C, the mass of [tex]KClO_3[/tex](s) that must dissolve to make a saturated solution in 100 g of H2O at 50.0°C is 60 grams.

Table G must be consulted to establish the mass of [tex]KClO_3[/tex](s) that must dissolve to form a saturated solution in 100 g of H2O at 50.0°C.

According to the table, the solubility of  [tex]KClO_3[/tex] at 48°C is 60 grammes of  [tex]KClO_3[/tex] per 100 grammes of [tex]H_2O[/tex]. We must examine the solubility at 48°C since the water is heated from 20.0°C to 50.0°C.

Therefore, the mass of  [tex]KClO_3[/tex](s) that must dissolve to make a saturated solution in 100 g of  [tex]H_2O[/tex] at 50.0°C is 60 grams.

For more details regarding solubility, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/31493083

#SPJ12

Your question seems incomplete, the probable complete question is:

A 100. -gram sample of liquid water is heated from 20. 0°C to 50. 0°C. Enough KCIO3(s) is dissolved in the sample of water at 50. 0°C to form a saturated solution.

Based on Table G, determine the mass of KClO3(s) that must dissolve to make a saturated solution in 100. G of H20 at 50. 0°C

The effect of the stratosphere being colder at the bottom than at the top is:



sudden weather changes


better radio reception


no vertical air movement


the separation of gases into layers

Answers

The effect of the stratosphere being colder at the bottom than at the top is: no vertical air movement.

The effect of the stratosphere being colder at the bottom than at the top is the separation of gases into layers. This temperature gradient creates a stable atmosphere, which prevents vertical air movement and sudden weather changes.

Additionally, the separation of gases can enhance radio reception, as radio waves are able to travel further and more easily through stable layers of air.

The effect of the stratosphere being colder at the bottom than at the top is: no vertical air movement. This temperature gradient results in a stable atmosphere with limited mixing, preventing significant vertical air movement within the stratosphere.

To know more about stratosphere:

https://brainly.com/question/28097222

#SPJ11

!!!9POINTS!!!!! Based on the activity series, which of the reactions will occur?

Answers

The reactions that will occur for each activity series include:

A. Mg + NaNO₃ → will occur since Mg is more reactive than Na.B. AI+NISO₄→ will not occur since aluminum is less reactive than nickel.C. Zn + NaNO₃ - will occur since zinc is more reactive than sodium.D. Sn+ Zn(NO₃)₂ → will not occur since tin is less reactive than zinc.

What are reactive metals?

Reactive metals are metals that easily undergo chemical reactions with other substances, particularly with acids and water, to form new compounds. These metals are usually found in the lower part of the activity series, which means they have a high tendency to lose electrons and form cations.

Examples of reactive metals include alkali metals (such as lithium, sodium, and potassium) and alkaline earth metals (such as calcium and magnesium).

Find out more on reactive metals here: https://brainly.com/question/25103661

#SPJ1

Image trancribed:

Based on the activity series, which of the reactions will occur?

Least Reactive

Most Reactive Li Na K Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Sn Pb H Cu Ag Pt F₂ Cl₂ Br₂ I₂

Hint: Is the metal element more reactive than the metal ion in the compound?

A. Mg + NaNO3 →

B. AI+NISO4→

C. Zn + NaNO3 -

D. Sn+ Zn(NO3)2 →

Answer:A. Mg + NaNO₃ →

Explanation:

will occur since Mg is more reactive than Na.

Help what’s the answer?

Answers

This problem can be solved using Boyle's Law, which posits that the pressure of any given gas will be inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is kept as a constant.

What will be the final volume of the given methane gas ?

Mathematically Boyle's Law can be expressed as:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

where P₁ and V₁ are the initial pressure and volume, respectively, and P₂ and V₂ are the final pressure and volume, respectively.

We are given that:

P₁ = 1.15 atm

V₁ = 640 mL

T = 23.9 °C (which is 297.05 K, using the Kelvin temperature scale)

We need to find V₂ when P₂ = 1.43 atm.

Using Boyle's Law, we can set up the following equation:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

(1.15 atm)(640 mL) = (1.43 atm)(V₂)

Solving for V₂:

V₂ = (1.15 atm)(640 mL) / (1.43 atm)

V₂ = 514.69 mL

Therefore, the final volume of the methane gas is 514.69 mL when compressed at constant temperature until its pressure is 1.43 atm.

Learn more about Boyle's Law here:

https://brainly.com/question/30367133

#SPJ1

If earth had no atmosphere, its longwave radiation emission would be lost quickly to space making the planet approximately 33 K cooler. Calculate the rate of radiation emitted E and the wavelength of maximum radiation emission for earth at 255 K.

Answers

The Earth is emitting the most longwave radiation at a wavelength of approximately 11.4 micrometers.

Longwave radiation emission, also known as infrared radiation, is the process by which the Earth releases heat into space. This radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which then trap the heat and prevent it from escaping back into space.

If the Earth had no atmosphere, this longwave radiation emission would be lost quickly to space, resulting in a much cooler planet.

To calculate the rate of radiation emitted (E) by the Earth at a temperature of 255 K, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, which states that E = σT⁴, where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10⁻⁸ W/m²K⁴) and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Plugging in the values, we get:

E = 5.67 x 10⁻⁸ x (255)⁴
E = 3.8 x 10⁸ W/m²

This means that the Earth is emitting 3.8 x 10⁸ watts of longwave radiation per square meter at a temperature of 255 K.

The wavelength of maximum radiation emission can be determined using Wien's Law, which states that the wavelength of maximum emission (λmax) is equal to the constant of proportionality (b) divided by the temperature in Kelvin. The value of b is approximately equal to 2.898 x 10⁻³ mK.

Plugging in the values, we get:

λmax = b/T
λmax = 2.898 x 10⁻³ / 255
λmax = 1.14 x 10⁻⁵ meters

This means that the Earth is emitting the most longwave radiation at a wavelength of approximately 11.4 micrometers.

To know more about wavelength, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/31143857#

#SPJ11

If 450 ml of water are added to 550 ml of a 0.75 m k2so4 solution, what will the molarity of the diluted solution be?

Answers

To determine the molarity of the diluted solution, we need to use the equation:

M1V1 = M2V2

where M1 is the initial molarity of the solution, V1 is the initial volume of the solution, M2 is the final molarity of the solution, and V2 is the final volume of the solution.

In this case, the initial solution is a 0.75 M K2SO4 solution with a volume of 550 mL, and water is added to make a final volume of 450 mL. We can write:

M1 = 0.75 M

V1 = 550 mL

V2 = 450 mL

We can solve for M2:

M1V1 = M2V2

0.75 M × 550 mL = M2 × 450 mL

M2 = (0.75 M × 550 mL) / 450 mL

M2 = 0.92 M

Therefore, the molarity of the diluted solution is 0.92 M.

To know more about molarity refer here

https://brainly.com/question/31545539#

#SPJ11

What volume of 16. 2 M NH3 is required to prepare 350. 0 mL of 0. 200 M NH3

Answers

4.3 mL of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex]is required to prepare 350.0 mL of 0.200 M [tex]NH3[/tex]

The molarity equation is:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

We can rearrange this equation to solve for the number of moles of solute:

moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution

We can use this equation to determine the number of moles of [tex]NH3[/tex]required to prepare the 350.0 mL of 0.200 M [tex]NH3[/tex] solution:

moles of [tex]NH3[/tex] = (0.200 M) x (0.350 L) = 0.070 moles [tex]NH3[/tex]

Now, we need to determine the volume of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex]required to obtain 0.070 moles of [tex]NH3[/tex]. We can use the following equation:

moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solution

Rearranging the equation to solve for the volume of solution, we get:

liters of solution = moles of solute / Molarity (M)

Plugging in the values, we get:

liters of solution = 0.070 moles  / 16.2 M[tex]NH3[/tex] = 0.0043 L

Converting this to milliliters, we get:

volume of 16.2 M [tex]NH3[/tex] = 0.0043 L x 1000 mL/L = 4.3 mL

To know more about Molarity  refer to-

https://brainly.com/question/8732513

#SPJ11

If you started with 20. 0 g of a radioisotope and waited for 3 half-lives to pass, then how much would remain? 1. 25g
5. 00g
10. 0g
2. 50g​

Answers

Answer: The answer is 2.50g.

I hope this helps and have a great day!

I need help!

Describe the bonding in water molecule using VBT. Show the overlap of hybridized orbitals leading to the formation of H2O molecule. Account for the bond angle 104. 5°. ​

Answers

Answer:

In Valence Bond Theory (VBT), the water molecule is formed by overlapping of two hydrogen 1s orbitals with two hybridized oxygen orbitals. The oxygen atom in the water molecule has two unpaired electrons in two 2p orbitals and two paired electrons in two 2s orbitals. It hybridizes the 2s and 2p orbitals to form four hybridized sp3 orbitals. These four sp3 hybridized orbitals point towards the corners of a tetrahedron.

The two hybridized orbitals of oxygen containing unpaired electrons overlap with the 1s orbitals of two hydrogen atoms. This overlapping results in the formation of two O-H sigma (σ) bonds. The two remaining hybridized orbitals containing the paired electrons do not participate in bond formation.

The bond angle in the water molecule is 104.5°, which is less than the tetrahedral angle (109.5°) because the two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom exert greater repulsion than the two bonding pairs. This causes the bonding pairs to be pushed closer together, resulting in a smaller bond angle.

The volume of a sample of gas is 2. 8 L when the pressure is 749. 5 mm Hg and the temperature is 31. 2 C. What is the new temperature in degrees Celsius if the volume increases to 4. 3 L and the pressure increases to 776. 2 mm Hg?




a 120 C


b 280 C


c 480 C


d 210 C

Answers

The volume of a sample of gas is 2.8 L when the pressure is 749.5 mm Hg and the temperature is 31. 2°C. (c) 480°C is the new temperature in degrees Celsius if the volume increases to 4. 3 L and the pressure increases to 776.2 mm Hg

Using the combined gas law:

(P1V1) / (T1) = (P2V2) / (T2)

Where:

P1 = 749.5 mm Hg

V1 = 2.8 L

T1 = 31.2 + 273.15 = 304.35 K (temperature converted to Kelvin)

P2 = 776.2 mm Hg

V2 = 4.3 L

T2 = ?

Solving for T2:

T2 = (P2V2T1) / (P1V1)

T2 = (776.2 mmHg * 4.3 L * 304.35 K) / (749.5 mmHg * 2.8 L)

T2 ≈ 758 K

Converting T2 back to Celsius:

T2 = 758 K - 273.15 = 484.85°C ≈ 480°C

Therefore, the new temperature is approximately 480°C.

To know more about the combined gas law refer here :

https://brainly.com/question/30458409#

#SPJ11

Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process. What does this mean?

1. Nothing is changing.

2. There are multiple reactants and products involved in the chemical reaction.

3. It appears as though nothing is happening, but there is constant change occurring.

4.The reaction has reached completion and stopped reacting.

Answers

Answer: 3. It appears as though nothing is happening, but there is constant change occurring.

Explanation:

equilibrium is the state when the changes cancel each other, and the net change is 0.

think of it like a stalemate in tug of war; both people are pulling, but you wont see anything change, because their forces are equal and in opposite direction :)

A) What volume of concentrated nitric acid (15.8 M) is needed to prepare 5.0 L of a 2.5 M solution?
WILLLL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!

Answers

Answer:

0.79 L of concentrated nitric acid is needed to prepare 5.0 L of a 2.5 M solution.

Explanation:

We can use the formula:[tex]M_1V_1 = M_2V_2[/tex]where [tex]M_1[/tex] is the concentration of the concentrated nitric acid, [tex]V_1[/tex] is the volume of concentrated nitric acid needed, [tex]M_2[/tex] is the desired concentration of the final solution, and [tex]V_2[/tex] is the final volume of the solution.Plugging in the given values, we get:[tex](15.8 \text{ M})(V_1) = (2.5 \text{ M})(5.0 \text{ L})[/tex]Solving for [tex]V_1[/tex], we get:[tex]V_1 = \frac{(2.5 \text{ M})(5.0 \text{ L})}{15.8 \text{ M}} \approx 0.79 \text{ L}[/tex]Therefore, approximately 0.79 L of concentrated nitric acid is needed to prepare 5.0 L of a 2.5 M solution.

Answer:

0.79 L

I hope this helps! Cheers ^^

All else being equal, a reaction with a higher activation energy compared to one with a lower activation energy will:.

Answers

All else being equal, a reaction with a higher activation energy will have a slower reaction rate compared to one with a lower activation energy.

Activation energy refers to the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. The higher the activation energy, the more energy is required to initiate the reaction, and thus the slower the reaction rate.

This is because a higher activation energy means that fewer reactant molecules will have enough energy to overcome the energy barrier and form products. Therefore, reactions with higher activation energies require more energy input to proceed and will typically have a slower reaction rate than those with lower activation energies.

To know more about the Activation energy, here

https://brainly.com/question/29016918

#SPJ4

How many liters of a 0. 26 M solution of K2(MnO4) would contain 75 g of K2(MnO4)?​

Answers

1.35 liters of a 0.26 M solution of K2(MnO4) would contain 75 g of K2(MnO4).

To determine the volume of a 0.26 M solution of K2(MnO4) needed to contain 75 g of K2(MnO4), we need to use the formula:

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / volume of solution (L)

First, convert the mass of K2(MnO4) to moles using its molar mass:

Molar mass of K2(MnO4) = 2 * (39.1 g/mol for K) + (54.9 g/mol for Mn) + 4 * (16 g/mol for O) = 214.2 g/mol

Moles of K2(MnO4) = 75 g / 214.2 g/mol ≈ 0.35 moles

Now use the molarity formula to find the volume:

0.26 M = 0.35 moles / volume (L)

Volume (L) = 0.35 moles / 0.26 M ≈ 1.35 L

So, approximately 1.35 liters of a 0.26 M solution of K2(MnO4) would contain 75 g of K2(MnO4).

To learn more about mass, refer below:

https://brainly.com/question/19694949

#SPJ11

Other Questions
PLEASE HELP (1 point)Let X be a continuous random variable with probabilitydistribution represented by the graph below.Find P (X2).f(x) D(x) is the price, in dollar per unit, that the consumers are willing to pay for x units of an item, and S(x) is the price, in dollars per unit, that producers are willing to accept for x units. Find (a) the equilibrium point, (b) the consumer surplus at the equilibrium point, and (c) the producer surplus at the equilibrium point.D(x)=(x-7)^2, S(x)=x^2+2x+33Find:A) The equilibrium pointB) The consumer surplus at the equilibrium pointC) The producer surplus at the equilibrium point Complete the code for the provided Sequence class. Your code should provide the expected results when run through the provided SequenceTester class. Add code for these two methods in the Sequence class: public Sequence append(Sequence other) append creates a new sequence, appending this and the other sequence, without modifying either sequence. For example, if a is 1 4 9 16 and b is the sequence 9 7 4 9 11 then the call a. Append(b) returns the sequence 1 4 9 16 9 7 4 9 11 without modifying a or b. Public Sequence merge(Sequence other) merges two sequences, alternating elements from both sequences. If one sequence is shorter than the other, then alternate as long as you can and then append the remaining elements from the longer sequence. For example, if a is 1 4 9 16 and b is 9 7 4 9 11 then a. Merge(b) returns the sequence without modifying a or b. 3. 1 9 4 7 9 4 16 9 11 the following table shows the number of miles a hiker walked on a trail each day for 6 days. day 1 2 3 4 5 6 number of miles 8 5 7 2 9 8 what was the mean number of miles the hiker walked for the 6 days? responses 3.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 6.5 6.5 7.5 7.5 8 PLEASE HELP One debate in education is over whether or not students need to learn to read and write in cursive.Make the argument either FOR or AGAINST the idea that students need to learn to read and write in cursive. In a paragraph, provide at least three reasons to support your argument. A few months ago you started working in the it department for a small manufacturing company located in a rural area. many of the employees live in the area and have worked for this company their entire careers. the local community views the company favorably, and it has a reputation among its customers as a reputable business. because of an email virus, the company recently suffered a ransomware attack that locked down their billing system and caused some significant delays in collecting payments from customers. the breach made the local news, and was written about in an industry blog. as a result, the corporate office decided it was time to invest in modernizing their security systems. emmett, the vp of operations has asked you to assess the company's current security processes, recommend improvements, and implement new security measures. during the initial risk assessment, you identified the it systems most relevant to the company's billing processes and found several areas with significant security gaps and room for improvement and upgrades. stem choose initial focus given the company's concerns, what should you focus on first? a. business continuity b. end-user education c. physical security Carl is buying a shirt that costs $24.00. It is on sale for 50% off. what will the price of the shirt be?A. 19.00B. 50.00C. 12.00D. 14.00 Please help Ill give brainly if you explain :) in labradors, black coat (b) is dominant to chocolate (b). what is the genotypic ratio expected from a cross between a heterozygous black lab and a chocolate lab? In "The Outsiders," the central theme of preserving childhood innocence highlights the importance of protecting and nurturing the innocence of children, reminding readers of the fragility and value of childhood in the face of violence and hardship. In the myopia eye defect, the light rays from the irisA. Do not enter the eye at allB. Come to a focus at the back of the retinaC. Come to a focus in front of the retinaD. Come to a focus in between retina and iris Use the Picard-Lindeloef iteration to find the first few elements of a sequence {yn}n=0 of approximate solutions to the initial value problem y(t) = 5y(t)+1, y(0) = 0 What is the area of a 125 degree sector for a circle with a radius of 12 m, rounded to the nearest whole number Suppose you were traveling in your family's car. imagine you are at a red light and the light turns green. when the driver puts their foot on the gas petal are they accelerating? help me and ithe next 24 hours, i will put you brainliest nd lots of stars Consumers have to make tradeoffs in deciding what to consume because. Summarize the essential difference between the "men ofindustry" and the "bowery lodging-house element." This project provides an exact exposure to the lesson on cystic fibrosis. An alternative project your teacher may prefer is to research a genetic ethics case and complete the same set of questions. However, the sites are educational projects funded by the NIH specifically for educational purposes.First, read the page at DNA files (http://www.dnafiles.org/programs/prenatal-genetic-testing). DNA files is an educational project funded by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health. Be sure to see that there are two different dates. The original information came out in 1998, and was later updated in 2007.Next, listen to the radio program on the same page. It can be streamed or downloaded. It is about an hour long. Be sure to take notes as you listen, which you'll turn in as rough notes.After you listen to the radio program, answer the following questions in writing.What kinds of thoughts made the women deciding on prenatal tests nervous?Describe what exactly is a wrongful life or wrongful birth suit?After the segment on wrongful life suits concluded, what was YOUR opinion on this kind of case?Describe how the ability to test for genetic abnormalities via an amnio ended up coming at a crossroads with the legalization of the abortion procedure in the United States. That is, how did these two separate events first become intertwined?Describe the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test and its use. Be sure to mention how often it screens as positive. Are all positive screenings truly spina bifida?Summarize the story of Judy, who had an amnio that came back as showing a possible problem.Describe what Tay Sachs syndrome is and what groups most often carry the disease.Describe how the Orthodox Jewish community avoids the ethical dilemmas of prenatal testing, but still manages to screen for Tay Sachs.Summarize some of the things that the family of Brendan, who has cystic fibrosis, must do to cope with his disease.Which two ethnic groups are mentioned as not having a strong possibility of carrying CF?Why does the radio program mention that CF can be a very mild disease without too many symptoms or problems? Can prenatal testing tell a couple how bad the baby's problems may be?In the portion of the program regarding testing for Down Syndrome, what is the importance of the geography and culture of the doctor's patients? What does it have to do with prenatal testing?Describe what eugenics is. What is its philosophical connection and similarity with German Nazi views? How does it relate to genetic testing?What is achondroplasia?According to the program, by what percent has prenatal testing reduced the prevalence of genetic abnormalities?One doctor, Lee Silver, describes a possible future where genes are introduced purposefully into a baby's make up in order to give the person future protection against a disease. What is the potential ethical conflict of this practice? Choose all items that represent characteristics of the job application process. Drug screens and background checks are sometimes requested. Federal anti-discrimination laws govern aspects of the process. All employers now use the same process. You can apply by sending paper documents or apply online. States have laws governing the process if (-8,3) lies on the circle and its Center is (-4,3) find the radius What statement best completes the diagram enlightenment ideas are introduced in Europe and the second continental congress ratified the declaration of independence? the molar solubility of lead phosphate in a 0.202 m sodium phosphate solution is_______m.