) If 4.0 grams of water at 1.0°C absorbs 33 joules of
heat, what will be the change in temperature of the
water?
A) 1.0°C B) 2.0°C C) 3.0°C
D) 4.0°C

Answer:

the molecules in a liquid don't move apart.

Explanation:

The molecules of a gas move apart when they collide. The average kinetic energy of the particles in a liquid (or solid) is small enough that the forces of attraction between them is sufficient to hold the particles close together. The molecules in a liquid (or solid) do not move apart.

Answer: When a gas changes to a liquid, the molecules in the gas lose some of their kinetic energy and their molecular attraction increases.

Explanation:

In a gas, the molecules are moving around rapidly and colliding with each other and with the walls of the container. These collisions create pressure, and the average kinetic energy of the molecules is high. However, when the gas cools down, the average kinetic energy of the molecules decreases, and they move around more slowly.

As the gas cools down further, the molecules start to come closer together, and the intermolecular attractive forces become more important. Eventually, the attractive forces between the molecules become strong enough to overcome the kinetic energy of the molecules, and the gas condenses into a liquid.

In a liquid, the molecules are still in motion, but they are much closer together and have much lower average kinetic energy than in a gas. The attractive forces between the molecules are strong enough to keep them close together in a fixed volume, but not so strong that they are unable to move around freely.

O₂

A limiting reactant is the reactant that runs out first in a reaction.

Oxygen

To find the limiting reactant, we can find how many reactions will occur with the given amount of reactant. To do this we can divide moles of the reactant by moles per reaction. If the reaction occurs 1 time, we say that 1 mol of reaction is created. So, the reactant that forms fewer moles of reaction is the limiting reactant.

This means that with 12 moles of oxygen, 1 full reaction will occur (1 mol of reaction).

Naphthalene (C₁₀H₈)

Now, we can do the same equation with Naphthalene. If it creates fewer moles of reaction, then it is the limiting reactant. If not, then oxygen is the limiting reactant.

This means that 1.1 moles of Naphthalene will create 1.1 mol of reaction.

Limiting Reactant

The math above shows that the amount of oxygen given will only create 1 mol of reaction, while the Naphthalene forms 1.1 mols of reaction. Thus, oxygen is the limiting reactant because it creates fewer moles of reaction.

grouping elements into s, p, d, and f blocks allows us to predict the chemical and physical properties of elements based on their electron configurations and periodic table positions.

The periodic table's s, p, d, and f blocks refer to the arrangement of electrons in the atom's outermost energy level (valence shell), and they are related to the element's type and properties in several ways.

Atomic size increases from right to left within a period and from top to bottom within a group.

Ionization Energy: The energy required to remove an electron from an atom is referred to as ionisation energy.

Electronegativity: The ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond is measured by electronegativity.

Reactivity: An element's reactivity is determined by the number of valence electrons it possesses. Because the s-block elements have one or two valence electrons, they are extremely reactive.

Chemistry: Ionic compounds are formed by s-block elements with nonmetals, whereas covalent compounds are formed by p-block elements.

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The expected vapor pressure of the solution prepared by dissolving 183.0 g of fructose in 500.0 mL of water is approximately 0.0301 atm.

The mole fraction of water in the solution can be calculated as follows:

Moles of water = (volume of water in liters) x (density of water) / (molar mass of water)

Moles of water = (500.0 mL / 1000.0 mL/L) x (0.9982 g/mL) / (18.015 g/mol)

Moles of water = 27.722 mol

Moles of fructose = (mass of fructose) / (molar mass of fructose)

Moles of fructose = 183.0 g / 180.16 g/mol

Moles of fructose = 1.016 mol

The total moles of solute and solvent in the solution are:

Total moles = moles of water + moles of fructose

Total moles = 27.722 mol + 1.016 mol

Total moles = 28.738 mol

The mole fraction of water in the solution is:

Mole fraction of water = moles of water / total moles

Mole fraction of water = 27.722 mol / 28.738 mol

Mole fraction of water = 0.962

Using Raoult's Law, the expected vapor pressure of the solution can be calculated as:

Vapor pressure = mole fraction of water x vapor pressure of pure water

Vapor pressure = 0.962 x 0.0313 atm

Vapor pressure = 0.0301 atm

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Answer:

167.5g

Explanation:

From the question, we know the mass of NaCl and the molar mass of NaCl, so we can calculate the number of moles of NaCl:

Moles = mass ÷ molar mass

The molar mass of NaCl can be calculated by adding the relative formula masses of the elements Na and Cl:

23.0 + 35.5 = 58.5

We can use the formula to find the number of moles of NaCl:

moles = 138 ÷ 58.5

= 2.35897...

Now, we need to find the mass of Cl2. Rearranging the formula of moles = mass ÷ molar mass

mass = moles × molar mass

Calculating the molar mass of Cl2 by adding the relative atomic masses:

35.5 + 35.5 = 71

Hence the mass is:

2.35897... × 71 = 167.5g (to 1dp)

7.3g of NaOH are required to produce 16 g of H2O

What are molecular weight ?

The entire mass of the atoms required to form a molecule per mole, expressed in grams, is what makes up the molar mass, also known as the molecular weight. Grams per mole are used to measure molecular mass. To determine molecular weight, count the atoms in each element and increase the result by the element's atomic weight.

Caustic soda or lye are two other names for sodium hydroxide. It is a typical ingredient in soaps and cleansers. Sodium hydroxide is a colorless, odorless solid at room temperature. Sodium hydroxide is a white, odorless liquid.

39 g of NaOH gives 18g of H2O

? g of NaOH gives 16g of H2O

i.e 18*16/39g

i.e. 7.3g of NaOH are required to produce 16 g of H2O

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When a solid changes into a liquid, the particles of the solid move farther apart and gain kinetic energy. Therefore, the statement that is true about the particles of a solid when the solid changes into a liquid is: their kinetic energy increases.

What is Kinetic Energy?

It is a scalar quantity and is dependent on the mass and velocity of an object. The formula for kinetic energy is:

Kinetic energy = (1/2) * mass * velocity^2

In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and vibrate in a fixed position. When the solid is heated or the pressure is reduced, the kinetic energy of the particles increases and they begin to vibrate faster and move slightly away from their fixed positions. This causes the solid to start melting and the particles begin to slide over each other, forming a liquid. Therefore, the particles of the solid move apart and gain kinetic energy when the solid changes into a liquid.

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Answer:

NaOH + CuSO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + Cu(OH)₂ is a double displacement reaction

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ --> 12CO₂ + 11H₂O. This is a combustion reaction, as it involves a fuel reacting with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water. However, this is not a balanced equation and so I have added in the correct ratios to balance the equation.

NH₄NO₃ → N₂O + 2H₂O. This is a decomposition reaction, as it involves the compound ammonium nitrate, 'decomposing' or breaking down into smaller components: dinitrogen oxide and water

BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl. This is a double replacement reaction

The 6.10 g of MgO (Magnesium oxide) is needed to produce 9.38 g of Na2O(Sodium oxide).

To solve this problem, we need to use stoichiometry to relate the mass of Na2O produced to the mass of MgO used.

From the balanced chemical equation:

2 NaCl + MgO → Na2O + MgCl2

We can see that 1 mole of MgO produces 1 mole of Na2O. We can use the molar mass of Na2O to convert the given mass of Na2O to moles:

9.38 g Na2O x (1 mol Na2O / 61.98 g Na2O) = 0.1514 mol Na2O

Since 1 mole of MgO produces 1 mole of Na2O, we know that we need 0.1514 mol MgO to produce 0.1514 mol Na2O. Using the molar mass of MgO, we can convert this to mass:

0.1514 mol MgO x (40.31 g MgO / 1 mol MgO) = 6.10 g MgO

Therefore, 6.10 g of MgO is needed to produce 9.38 g of Na2O.

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Note: The question would be as

What mass of MgO is neded to produce 9. 38g of Na2O?

2NaCl+MgO=Na2O+MgCl2

Rate law for the overall reaction that is consistent with the proposed mechanism is k [NO₂] [F₂].

What is rate law expression?

It is an expression that provides a relationship between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of the reactants participating in it multiplying with rate constant. Rate in rate law expression is decided according to slow step.

Example-

If a  reaction given as  A + B → C    rate constant = k

rate = k [A] [B]

Given,

Step 1: NO₂+ F₂ → NO₂F + F (slow)

Step 2: NO₂+F → NO₂F (fast)

rate = k [NO₂] [F₂]

Therefore, rate law for the overall reaction that is consistent with the proposed mechanism is k [NO₂] [F₂].

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Answer: Covalent bonds share electrons between two or more atoms. Ionic bonds form when two or more ions come together with charge differences.

Explanation:

Ionic bonds: atoms TRANSFER electrons

Covalent: atoms SHARE electrons

Answer: where are the photographs

Explanation:

The statement which best describes a pure substance is that it has constant physical properties which is therefore denoted as option B.

This is referred to as a single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means.

This type of sample of matter has both definite and constant composition and distinct chemical properties and is referred to as being homogeneous in nature with no form of impurities which is therefore the reason why it was chosen a the correct choice.

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According the question the Percent yield is 11.99%

Yield is an economic term referring to the income generated by an investment over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage of the initial investment and is calculated by taking the total income earned and dividing it by the initial investment. Yield is an important measure of the performance of an investment, and is a key factor in determining the attractiveness of an investment. Yields can be calculated for individual investments, or for portfolios of investments. Yields can also be calculated for different types of investments, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. Yields are also used to compare investments with different levels of risk, so investors can make informed decisions about their investments. Yields are affected by a variety of factors, including interest rates, inflation, and market conditions.

The percent yield can be calculated using the formula:

Percent yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) * 100

For Magnesium Chloride, the theoretical yield is 14.87 moles, and the actual yield is 1.78 moles.

Therefore, the percent yield is:

Percent yield = (1.78 / 14.87) * 100 = 11.99%

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Answer:

After millions of years underground, the compounds that make up plankton and plants turn into fossil fuels. Plankton decomposes into natural gas and oil, while plants become coal. Today, humans extract these resources through coal mining and the drilling of oil and gas wells on land and offshore.

Explanation:

Fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas formed from living organisms on land and in sea are non-renewable resources created by the extinction of prehistoric plants and animals that are gradually being buried under rock layers.

Crude oil (also called crude oil or simply petroleum) is a fossil fuel formed from the remains of ancient marine organisms.  After it died and sank to the bottom of the sea, the organic material mixed with other sediments and was buried.

Over the years, the rubble has been covered by layers of sand and silt. The heat and pressure of these layers helped turn the remains into what we now call oil or petroleum (fossil fuels).

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The percent composition of salicylic acid is C7H6O3, or 60.87%C, 4.4%H, and 34.75%O

Answer:

To calculate the mass of 2.007 moles of propane gas (C3H8), we need to first determine its molar mass.

The molar mass of propane (C3H8) can be calculated as:

3(C) + 8(H) = (3 x 12.01 g/mol) + (8 x 1.01 g/mol) = 44.11 g/mol

Therefore, the mass of 2.007 moles of propane is:

Mass = 2.007 moles x 44.11 g/mol = 88.46 g

So, the mass of 2.007 moles of propane gas (C3H8) is 88.46 g.

The pH of milk is approximately 6.6.

The formula for calculating pH is:

pH = -log[H+]

Given that [H+] of milk is about 2.51 × 10–7, we can substitute this value into the formula to calculate the pH:

pH = -log(2.51 × 10–7)

pH = -(-6.6)

pH = 6.6

Therefore, the pH of milk is approximately 6.6.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Theoretical yield is 7.9 g O2

% yield is actual/theoreticalx 100  = 6.7/7.9 X 100= 84.81 % O2

The mass of 4.5 moles of CO2  is 7.48x10-11 g CO2  Option b)

The ratio between the mass and the quantity of material (measured in moles) of any sample of a chemical compound is known as the molar mass (M) in chemistry.  The molar mass of a material is a bulk characteristic rather than a molecular one. The compound's molar mass is an average over many samples, which frequently have different masses because of elements.

A terrestrial average and a result of the relative frequency of the isotopes of the component elements on Earth, the molar mass is most frequently calculated from the standard atomic weights. For changing between a substance's mass and quantity in bulk amounts, the molar mass is the proper unit.

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Answer:

Carbon

Name: Carbon

Symbol: C

Number of protons: 6

Number of neutrons: 6 or 7 (Carbon has two stable isotopes with 6 or 7 neutrons)

Number of electrons: 6

Sodium

Name: Sodium

Symbol: Na

Number of protons: 11

Number of neutrons: 12 or 13 (Sodium has one stable isotope with 12 neutrons, and another with 13 neutrons)

Number of electrons: 11

Helium

Name: Helium

Symbol: He

Number of protons: 2

Number of neutrons: 2

Number of electrons: 2

Chlorine

Name: Chlorine

Symbol: Cl

Number of protons: 17

Number of neutrons: 18 or 20 (Chlorine has two stable isotopes with 18 or 20 neutrons)

Number of electrons: 17

Gold

Name: Gold

Symbol: Au

Number of protons: 79

Number of neutrons: 118 (Gold has only one stable isotope with 118 neutrons)

Number of electrons: 79

The color of the flame emitted by known compounds can be used to help identify the metallic ion present in an unknown solid. Different metallic ions produce different flame colors when they come into contact with a flame.

Metal ions in unknown substances can be identified through flame tests thanks to their distinctive emission spectra.

The metallic ion contained in an unknown material can be determined using the color of the flame produced by known compounds.

When in contact with a flame, different metal ions produce distinct flame colors: sodium creates a yellow flame, whereas potassium creates a violet flame.

The presence of a metallic ion can be determined by contrasting the flame colors of the known compounds with the flame of the unknown solid.

A spectroscope must be used to evaluate the flame in order to precisely identify the metal ions contained in an unidentified substance. This can lead to a more precise identification and a more thorough investigation of the emission spectra.

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Answer:

Three atoms of Hydrogen.

Explanation:

There are four molecules of three Hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms.

Hope it helps.

When a force is applied to an object, the object changes its state. Therefore, the correct option is option D.

A force is an effect in physics that enables the movement of something with mass that change its velocity and accelerate. It may represent a push or perhaps a pull, with the direction and magnitude always present, making this one a vector quantity. It really is measured in newtons (N) and is denoted by the sign F.

Newton's second law, in its original form, states that perhaps the net force exerted on an object is equivalent to the pace that its momentum varies with time. When a force is applied to an object, the object changes its state.

Therefore, the correct option is option D.

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Explanation:

The symbol P represents the element phosphorus, which has an atomic number of 15, indicating that it has 15 protons in the nucleus. The ion is negatively charged with a 3- charge, which means it has three more electrons than protons.

To find the number of neutrons in an atom or ion, you need to know its mass number, which is the sum of protons and neutrons. Since the charge of the ion is not related to its mass, we can assume that the mass number is the same as that of the neutral phosphorus atom, which is approximately 31.

So, the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the P3- ion is:

Protons: 15

Neutrons: 31 - 15 = 16

Electrons: 15 + 3 = 18

Therefore, the P3- ion has 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons.

In the catalytic cycle, asp is capable of weak interactions with histidine that chymotrypsin does not have.

Throughout the catalytic cycle, Asp-102 maintains its negative charge. It establishes a salt bond with the protonated form of His-57 but not the deprotonated form, stabilizing the protonated form and boosting the histidine's affinity for protons.

The histidine residue interacts with aspartate and is oriented correctly as a result. Following that, histidine and serine's alcohol group may interact. Histidine changes serine from a weak nucleophile (alcohol) into a strong nucleophile by removing the hydrogen ion from the alcohol (alkoxide).

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Answer:

The pressure is reduced since the area needed to be exerted on by pressure has also been reduced

Explanation:

Floods can drastically change the land in an area due to what is known as erosion. Erosion is the process of water carrying away small pieces of rock and soil. Over time, this can lead to large changes in the landscape. Floods can also deposit sediment, which can change the land in a different way. Deposition is the process of sediment being left behind by water. This can cause the land to become higher in some areas and lower in others.

In science, a statement that can be mathematically modeled based on repeated experimental observations, that describes some phenomenon of nature, is called a scientific law. A scientific law is a descriptive statement that summarizes a pattern observed in nature, typically expressed as a mathematical equation or formula, which describes the behavior of a particular natural phenomenon under certain conditions. Scientific laws are generally considered to be well-established and reliable, based on the repeated empirical evidence and testing that supports them.

Answer:

 6.022 × 10²³ units of that substance 

Explanation: