Answer:
Meiosis is the type of cell division in which a parent cell divides into four daughter cells. Meiosis generally occurs in the gamete or sex cells. The haploid cells are produced by the meiosis.
The original cell is diploid that contains the chromosome number (2X). The original is divided into the four daughter cell. The daughter cells produced by the meiosis contains the half chromosome number as compared with original cell (X). The crossing over occurs in meiosis and the daughter cells are quite different from the original cells.
Explanation:
A plant is a
A one-celled eukaryote
B one-celled prokaryote
C multicellular eukaryote
D multicellular prokaryote
the answer should be c hope this helps:)
Answer: A plant is a multicellular eukaryote
Explanation:
Animals plants, fungi and protists are eukaryote. All multicellular organism are eukaryote. Eukaryotes may also be single-celled.
4: Units of inheritance known as genes exist in pairs.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
5: A tall plant (AA) is crossed with a short plant (aa). The offspring produced in Fl will be
a) all Tall
b) short
c) y tall and 72 short
d) no of the above
6: The genotypes (or genotypic ratio) of the Fl offspring in 5 will be
a) all Aa (correct)
b) 12 AA, 12 Aa
c) aa
d) none of the above.
7: Alternate forms of genes are called alleles.
a) TRUE
b) FALSE
8: Phenotypes are
a) physical characteristics determined by genes
b) genes
c) genetic characteristics
d) alleles
9: The inheritance law known as the Law of segregation was postulated by
a) Mendel
b) Aristotle
c) Morgan
d) Darwin
10: Heterozygous organisms carry one dominant and one recessive allele
Answer:
4. a
5. a
6. a
7. a
8. a
9. a
10. True
Explanation:
4. Units of inheritance in living organisms are known as genes. These genes exist in pairs in all organisms and a copy of each gene is passed down to the offspring during reproduction.
Correct option: a
5. Assuming the dominance of allele A over allele a:
AA x aa
Aa Aa Aa Aa
All the offspring will appear tall since the effects of allele a is masked by allele A.
Correct option: a
6. From the cross in (5) above, the genotypic ratio of the offspring is 100% Aa.
Correct option: a
7. Alternate forms of genes in living organisms are known as alleles. A copy of the alleles is usually passed down to the offspring during the process of reproduction.
Correct option: a
8. Phenotypes are the physical appearance of organisms. They are physical interpretation of genes.
Correct option: a
9. The law of segregation was postulated by Gregor Mendel. It states that gene pairs segregate during the process of meiosis and then randomly unite during the process of fertilization.
Correct option: a
10 Heterozygous organisms have two different alleles for the same genes. For genes that obey Mendelian laws, heterozygous condition is characterized by one dominant and one recessive alleles.
Michael, a new lab analyst, receives an email notifying him that his expected samples from a recent outbreak should be arriving soon. To prepare for his analysis, he decides to look into what type of diseases could be spread between animals and humans, as this is a new field for him. Michael has received limited information about the details of the outbreak from the epidemiologists that traveled to the site, but he does know that both animals and humans were infected by some type of virus. Michael looks through some of the lab manuals on how the samples will be handled once in the lab. While reading through these guidelines, he realizes that there are some terms he is not quite sure of.
Below are sentences that reflect the terms that Michael had to acquaint himself with while reading through the published guidelines from his laboratory. Please review the sentences below and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s).
a. arthropods
b. togaviruses
c. encephalitis
d. arbovirus
e. flaviviruses
f. zoonosis
A virus that is able to be transmitted via _________like ticks, flies, and mosquitoes is considered __________.
2. Some arboviruses are able to move through the bloodstream and infect the brains of humans and arbovirus animals. This disease manifestation is called __________.
3. A_______ is a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans.
4 Several encephalopathies, such as Eastern equine encephalitis and West Nile virus encephalitis, are caused by the____________ These viruses can infect humans and and animals such as horses and birds.
Answer:
the correct option is:
A virus that can be transmitted through arthropods such as ticks, flies, and mosquitoes is considered an arbovirus.
2. Some arboviruses can move through the bloodstream and infect the brains of human and animal arboviruses. This manifestation of the disease is called encephalitis.
Explanation:
Arboviruses are very dangerous for humans, some do not generate painful bites, others are hematofogous (they feed on human blood) and others are nocturnal, which bite humans at night without their perceiving it.
Diseases of these viruses that are transmitted by vectors such as arthropods cause encephalitis, cardiac, pulmonary disorders, etc.
An example of this is the Chagas disease that is generated by the transmission of the Vinchuca arthropod.
Without doing any further work, comment on what conclusions you could draw if you conducted a test of the null hypothesis that the mean number of bacteria is the same at the source and at the outlet, versus the two-sided alternative.
Answer:
The null hypothesis is incorrect.
Explanation:
The null hypothesis is incorrect because the average number of bacteria did not remain the same at the source and at the outlet. We know that bacteria reproduce in a very less time and they use reproduction methods such as binary and multiple fission so with the passage of time, the population of bacteria increases and did not remain the same at the source and at the outlet.
A. _____ found in the intestinal tracts of poultry and other animals; outbreaks have been linked to raw eggs, unpasteurized milk and raw or undercooked meat, poultry or shellfish; avoiding cross contamination can help prevent this microorganism from causing illness. B. _____ most often affects fetuses; outbreaks have been traced to unpasteurized milk, lunch meats and hot dogs. C. _____ found in infected cuts and in the nose and throat; outbreaks have been associated with mayonnaise based salads (macaroni, chicken, egg) and cream filled baked goods; can be prevented by proper cooling and refrigeration of foods. D. _____ found in the intestinal tracts or animals and humans; common cause of waterborne disease in humans in the United States. E. _____ found in the human intestinal tract; outbreak have been associated with salads and contaminated water; using sanitary practices can prevent illness from this microorganism.
Answer:
A Salmonella
B Listeria monocytogenes
C Staphylococcus
D Camplobacter jejuni
E Giardia intestinalis
Explanation:
The relevant term is mentioned above for filling in the blank according to the description provided. Each pathogen has a unique set of conditions required for breeding and causing infection, although some characteristics are overlapping with one another as well.
Organism found in the intestinal tracts of poultry as well as other animals, but can be prevented from causing illness by cross contamination is Salmonella.
organism that most often affects fetuses, and the cause of it is from unpasteurized milk is Listeria monocytogenes.
Organisms that can be found in infected cuts as well as in nose and throat is Staphylococcus.
microorganism that can be in the intestinal tracts or animals as well as humans which is common to waterborne disease is Camplobacter jejuni.
Microorganisms that can be found in human intestinal tract in which salads and contaminated water usually the cause of the outbreak is Giardia intestinalis.Microorganisms can be regarded as organisms that cannot be seen without microscope. Some of this organisms are dangerous fir our health while some are useful.Giardia intestinalis is one of the microbes found in human intestinal tract , it's outbreak could be as a result of contaminated water.Learn more at:
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Which statement is true of magnets?
A. A magnet always has two poles.
B. Earth is a permanent magnet. C. Electromagnets always have the same strength.
D. Electromagnets are generally weaker than permanent magnets.
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
A magnet has always two poles.
1) North Pole
2) South Pole
However,
=> Earth is a temporary magnet.
=> Electromagnets don't have the same strength.
=> Permanent magnets are weaker than electromagnets.
Which glial cells support neurons metabolically
Explain why mutations that replace S/T/N residues with A/L/W residues in the N-terminal region of transmembrane proteins that function as cell surface receptors could significantly disrupt that utility of these proteins as receptors.
Answer:
Serine (S), Threonine (T) and Asparagine (N) are primary binding sites of carbohydrates, and thereby they are required to form glycoproteins (i.e., glycosylation products)
Explanation:
A transmembrane protein (TP) is a particular type of protein that crosses the cell membrane in order to enable the movement of ions and molecules. Transmembrane proteins are divided into alpha-helical and beta-barrel proteins. The N-terminal region of transmembrane glycoproteins can be required for N-linked glycosylation, which is an enzymatic mechanism capable of attaching oligosaccharides to proteins in order to form glycoproteins (glycans). N-linked glycosylation is a posttranslational protein modification that has distinct functions depending on the cell type and the protein region involved in such modification. For example, in the surface of immune cells, the N-linked glycans are capable of dictating the migration pattern of these cells.
Over 95% of incoming UV-B radiation is absorbed in the stratosphere. Please select the best answer from the choices provided
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The stratosphere is the layer of the earth’s atmosphere which is above the troposphere and below the mesosphere.
The stratosphere contains about 90 percent of the ozone layer. The stratosphere is made up of ozone layers which helps in the absorption of about 95 percent of the ultraviolet rays from the sun and converting to heat.
This is the reason why depletion of the ozone layer found in the stratosphere gives rise to global warming.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Edge 2023
Describe an example of non-heritable variation. Think about the way an organism interacts with its environment and how that influences its phenotype (the nurture in nature vs. nurture). Knowing what you do about genetics, genes, and gene expression control, propose a mechanism of molecular control that might be working in the example you have chosen.
Answer:
Epigenetic reprogramming
Explanation:
Epigenetic is a discipline that studies how phenotypic traits are influenced by DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation and ribosilation. All these epigenetic marks are known to affect the conformation of the DNA molecule, thereby altering gene expression patterns and consequently also phenotypic associated traits. Epigenetic reprogramming refers to the erasure and remodeling of these epigenetic marks, this being a type of non-inherited variation produced by the interaction between a genotype and its environment. Epigenetic reprogramming is in part responsible for the non-heritable differences observed between different cell types and tissues.
What must happen before mitosis can begin?
Before the process of mitosis to be begin the chromosomes need to be duplicated, it happens during interphase.
What is mitosis?Mitosis is the procedure with the aid of which a mobile replicates its chromosomes after which segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in training for mobile division. Mitosis is generally followed by way of same department of the mobile's content material into daughter cells that have identical genomes.
The two phases of cell cycle are interphase in which DNA replication occurs, 3 stages of interphase are: G1 phase, S phase and G2 phase and mitotic in which division occurs phase. Mitosis occurs after the completion of DNA replication and doubling of chromosome number and cell contents and after mitosis, two daughter cells are produced of equal number of chromosomes.
There are total four steps of mitosis and these are: (i) prophase, (ii)metaphase,(iii) anaphase, and (iv) telophase. Anaphase of mitosis; during which phase of mitosis do nuclear envelopes and the nucleoli reappear etaphase of mitosis; prophase of mitosis; phases of mitosis; cell cycle.
Therefore, Before the process of mitosis to be begin the chromosomes need to be duplicated, it happens during interphase.
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Nonvascular plants lack _____. a. zygotes b. gametes c. seeds d. spores e. chloroplasts
Answer: Nonvascular plants lack seeds
The Non vascular plants lack seeds as there is no seed found in the non vascular plants. Thus, option C is correct.
What is the example of Non vascular plants?
The example of Non vascular plants is Ferns which has been refer to the vascular plants which usually reproduce via spores and they neither have seeds nor they have flowers as well as they also show alternate of generation in which diploid sporophyte is a dominant phase of the life.
The diploid sporophyte produces spores through meiosis and the spores divide through mitotic divisions and get developed into haploid gametophytes. The gametophyte produces haploid gametes which fertilize to produce a diploid zygote. The zygote develops and grows into mature sporophyte through mitotic divisions.
Therefore, The Non vascular plants lack seeds as there is no seed found in the non vascular plants. Thus, option C is correct.
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Question 9 (5 points)
How do mutations occur?
Mutations occur through the intentional alteration of amino a
Mutations occur randomly through changes in DNA.
Mutations occur through a negative change within that organ
1
Mutations occur as directed responses to changes in the envi
Answer:
The answer is option 2.
Explanation:
Mutation occurs when there is a change in DNA base sequences.
(Correct me if I am wrong)
Answer:
Mutations occur randomly through changes in DNA.
Explanation:
It's now understood that mutations occur randomly and aren't directed in response to an immediate change in the environment.
What's DNA replication, and why is it an important part of cell division? Explain what semiconservative DNA replication is and how it is different from conservative and dispersive models of DNA replication. Name the five major enzymes involved in DNA replication and briefly explain their roles in the process. Discuss the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell division and DNA replication.
Answer:
Explanation:
1.In molecular biology, DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part for biological inheritance
2.Replication is an essential process because, whenever a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must contain the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell. ... Once the DNA in a cell is replicated, the cell can divide into two cells, each of which has an identical copy of the original DNA.
3.In prokaryotic cells, there is only one point of origin, replication occurs in two opposing directions at the same time, and takes place in the cell cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells on the other hand, have multiple points of origin, and use unidirectional replication within the nucleus of the cell.
In the microarray analysis some genes, such as ERB-B2 and ESR1, have been found to be associated with particular disease or conditions such as cancer. Other genes, such as the ABC-B2 gene, are not associated with a disease but are involved in resistance to certain drugs or treatments. Why would it be useful to test for the expression of genes like the ABC-B2 gene on the microarray
Answer:
The expression of genes associated with drug resistance leads to the reduction in the effectiveness of drugs against cancer cells.
Explanation:
In cancer, drug resistance is produced when oncogenic cells are able to develop mechanisms of resistance against drugs such as, for example, chemotherapeutic agents. In these cases, therapeutic treatments become ineffective to fight against cancer cells and tumor progression. In consequence, it is imperative to trace the expression of target oncogenes associated with drug resistance in order to provide effective treatments to eliminate cancer cells.
In imaginary fruit, white fruit color (W) is dominant over yellow fruit color (w) and disk-shaped fruit (D) is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit (d). If a plant true-breeding for white, disk-shaped fruit is crossed with a plant true-breeding for yellow, sphere-shaped fruit, what will the phenotypic ratios be for: Show all work
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
Genotype of a true-breeding white, disk-shaped fruit = WWDD
Genotype of a true-breeding yellow, sphere-shaped fruit = wwdd
Crossing the two:
WWDD x wwdd
WwDd
All the offspring (100%) will have the genotype WwDd with white, disk-shaped phenotype.
Assuming the cross is advanced to F2:
WwDd x WwDd
W_D_ 9 White, disk-shaped (9/16)
W_dd 3 White, sphere-shaped (3/16)
wwD_ 3 Yellow, disk-shaped (3/16)
wwdd 1 Yellow, sphere-shaped (1/16)
(See the attached image for the Punnet's square)
The mitochondrion, like the nucleus, has two or more membrane layers. How is the innermost of these layers different from that of the nucleus?
Answer:
The double membrane of the mitochondria is highly folded,and therefore wider when unfolded than that of the nucleus.This is an adaptive feature to increase the surface area for reactions (electrochemical gradient) by accommodating protons pumped into it by the proton motive force(PMF) from the matrix to set up the electrochemical gradients needed to generate the energy needed by ATPase synthase enzymes for ATPs synthesis.
Required number of protons needed to be accommodated by the double membrane to generate enough energy for ATPase synthesis,therefore larger surface area is needed.
Explanation:
Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell, which is a membrane-bound organelle found in the eukaryotic cell. The inner layer of the mitochondria has cristae, which is absent in the outer layer.
Mitochondria is a membrane-bound organelle, which is composed of outer and inner layers.
The inner layer has cristae or folds, which increases the surface area for an electrochemical gradient.
The cristae are separated by cristae junctions, which are juxtaposed to the outer layer of the mitochondria.
The inner layer helps in electron transport and ATP synthesis. The membrane is surrounded by the mitochondrial matrix, which helps in the transportation of protein complexes during the citric acid cycle.
Therefore, the inner membrane of mitochondria has cristae whereas, the outer layer lacks the folds.
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Organisms use carbohydrates to build large molecules. Some carbohydrates act as energy stores, and others give structural support. Carbohydrates are also broken down to generate metabolic energy.
Match the three specific examples of carbohydrate use below to a general function.
A liver cell synthesizes glycogen from glucose.
A plant cell synthesizes cellulose from glucose.
A brain cell uses the energy in glucose to synthesize ATP.
Answer:
"A liver cell synthesizes glycogen from glucose." ---> build large molecules.
"A plant cell synthesizes cellulose from glucose." ---> structural support.
"A brain cell uses the energy in glucose to synthesize ATP" obtaining energy or reserve energy.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are classified into large groups, where the simplest are monosaccharides (ex: glucose), followed by desacarids, trisaccharides and polysaccharides as the most complex.
Carbohydrates are hydrated carbonic structures that also attract water masses, they are very useful when it comes to generating energy reserves, energy sources, structures of tissue or vegetable support, and together with proteins are one of the most fundamental components of extracellular matrices to nourish various cells, such as proteonglycans or glycoproteins.
Which source would be the least reliable? a nonfiction book written by a scientist a peer-reviewed scientific journal an encyclopedia an advertisement
Which of the following practices that are needed to run a nuclear power plant has a negative impact on both air and water
Answer:
The options are
a.cooling of the power plant
b.mining of uranium
c.storage of radioactive waste
d.monitoring the reactor
The answer is b.mining of uranium
Explanation:
Uranium is known as a radioactive element which is used as a fuel to power a nuclear energy plant. Mining of uranium could cause it to mix with air and water which results in contamination.
When contamination occurs and it gets into the body of humans or animals by inhalation or ingestion it poses a high risk of cancer and kidney damage.
If a forest contained most light-colored trees, which type of moth would you expect to be most common
Answer:
Light colored moths(Peppered moths)
Explanation:
Because they can blend in to their enviornment and not get eaten by predators
Answer:
light colored moths
Explanation:
because they can blend into their environment
42) When yellow-seeded and green-seeded pea plants are crossed, all the offspring are yellow-seeded. When the F1 yellow-seeded plants are crossed to green-seeded plants, what is the hypothesized genetic ratio
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
From the illustration, the yellow color trait is dominant over the green trait.
Assuming that yellow seededness is represented by the allele Y and green seededness by the alleles y. Y is dominant over y, hence a yellow seeded plant would be either YY or Yy while a green seeded plant would be yy.
For a cross between a yellow seeded plant and a green seeded plant to yield all yellow seeded offspring, it means that the parents are YY and yy.
(yellow)YY x (green) yy
F1 progeny: All Yy (yellow)
Now, Yy is crossed with green-seeded plant, yy.
Yy x yy
Yy Yy yy yy
Hypothesized Genotypic ratio
Yy = 1/2
yy = 1/2
Hypothesized Phenotypic ratio
Yellow seeded = 1/2
green seeded = 1/2
The reactive chlorophyll molecule of photosystem primary is
A p600
B700
C 680
D 550
The reactive chlorophyll molecule in photosystem I is 700 and in photosystem II is 680. This number refers to the wavelength of the light it absorbs.
If a shallow pan is filled with water, a drop of red ink is placed in one end of the pan, and a drop of green ink is placed in the other end, which of the following will be true at equilibrium?
a. The red ink will be uniformly distributed in one half of the pan, and the green ink will be uniformly distributed in the other half of the pan.
b. The red and green inks will be uniformly distributed throughout the pan.
c. Each ink will move down its concentration gradient.
d. The concentration of each ink will be higher at one end of the pan than at the other end.
e. No predictions can be made without knowing the molecular weights of the pigment molecules.
Answer:
b. The red and green inks will be uniformly distributed throughout the pan.
Explanation:
The inks distribute throughout the particles of water. It does not matter that one drop of ink was placed in one end, and the other on the other end. The constant movement and collision of particles make the ink's drop distribute uniformly in the pan. Besides, there will we a tendency to have the same amount of ink concentration in all the pan; to this, they have to distribute evenly.
How old can the earth be in 90001 years?
Answer:
90001 years old
Explanation:
Why is it important to reduce demand for renewable resources?
A. To allow resources to be replenished naturally
B. To increase the need for recycling
C. To ensure that demand exceeds supply
D. To increase the price of resources
Answer:
A. to allow resources to be replenished naturally
Answer:
To allow resources to be replenished naturally
Explanation:
Because if u reduce the demand of renewable resources then the resources can increase/replenish naturally.
What are the five senses? Type your brainstorm
Answer:
Sense: Smell, Taste, Touch, Sight, Hearing
Explanation:
Answer:
touch, sight, hearing, smell, taste
Explanation:
Touch is thought to be the first sense that humans develop, according to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Touch consists of several distinct sensations communicated to the brain through specialized neurons in the skin. Pressure, temperature, light touch, vibration, pain and other sensations are all part of the touch sense and are all attributed to different receptors in the skin.
Sight, or perceiving things through the eyes, is a complex process. First, light reflects off an object to the eye. The transparent outer layer of the eye called the cornea bends the light that passes through the hole of the pupil. The iris (which is the colored part of the eye) works like the shutter of a camera, retracting to shut out light or opening wider to let in more light.
hearing sense works via the complex labyrinth that is the human ear. Sound is funneled through the external ear and piped into the external auditory canal. Then, sound waves reach the tympanic membrane, or eardrum. This is a thin sheet of connective tissue that vibrates when sound waves strike it.
Humans may be able to smell over 1 trillion scents, according to researchers. They do this with the olfactory cleft, which is found on the roof of the nasal cavity, next to the "smelling" part of the brain, the olfactory bulb and fossa.
The gustatory sense is usually broken down into the perception of four different tastes: salty, sweet, sour and bitter. There is also a fifth taste, defined as umami or savory. There may be many other flavors that have not yet been discovered. Also, spicy is not a taste.
Natural resources are not required for all energy producing technology
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
ОТ
OF
Answer:
True
Explanation:
we don't need only natural resources to produce energy but artificial resources too.
Hope it helps.
Natural resources are required for all energy producing technology. So, the given statement is False.
What is Energy production?The area of endeavours centred on obtaining energy supplies from natural resources is known as energy development. These activities include the creation of energy from fossil, nuclear, and renewable sources as well as the recovery and redistribution of energy that might have been lost.
The creation of energy requires a source. We cannot produce something without using natural resources, whether they are renewable or not. This is true whether the sources are renewable or not. For instance, radioactive minerals are required to operate nuclear energy.
Similar to how water, air, renewable power, coal, fossil fuels, natural gas, or any other source we choose are all already existing in nature, natural resources are needed for every energy-producing technology regardless of the industry we choose.
So, the given statement is False.
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Hypoxia induces transcription of a DNA methyltransferase, DNMT1. What does this suggest about the relationship between hypoxia and regulation of gene expression
Answer:
Hypoxia is defined as an inherent condition of tumors that causes cancer development.
Hypoxia induces transcription of DNA methyltransferase, DNMT1 which suggest that hypoxia and regulation of gene expression have epigenetic relationship that refers to inheritable mechanisms responsible for regulating gene expression without altering the sequence of DNA bases.
DNA methylation is main epigenetic mechanism of Hypoxia.
1. Why did you use a pencil to mark the paper and not a pen? 2. Why do you have to use a different capillary tube for each sample? 3. Why is it very important in the amino acid chromatogram not to touch the paper with your fingers or hands? 4. If two samples have identical Rf values does this mean that they are necessarily identical molecules? Explain 5. What is your unknown? How do you know?
Answer:
a pencil can be erased if mistakes happenn/agerms can spread