how do positive externalities affect demand curves? multiple choice question. demand curves become vertical lines. demand curves shift to the right. demand curves shift to the left. demand curves become horizontal lines.

a) Modern-day annual corporate tax legal responsibility = $200000 * 21% = $42000

b) Present day average tax price = 42000/200000 = 21%

c) Financing through coins reserves, new tax legal responsibility = 350000 * 21% = $73500

Modern-day average tax fee = 73500 / 350000 = 21%

d) Financing through debt, new tax liability = (350000-70000) * 21% = $58800

Cutting-edge common tax fee = 58800 / 280000 = 21%

e) Residual quantity on financing through cash reserves = 350000 – 73500 = 276500

Residual quantity on financing via debt = (350000-70000) – 58800 = 221200

So, Financing via coins reserves is recommended being higher residual coins after tax.(assumption: cash reserves kept idle)

Corporate tax refers to the tax levied on the profits earned by corporations or businesses. The tax is usually calculated as a percentage of a company's net income, after deducting allowable expenses and other tax deductions. Corporate tax is an important source of revenue for governments around the world and is used to fund various public services and infrastructure projects.

The rate of corporate tax varies from country to country and can be influenced by a range of factors such as the size of the economy, political climate, and international trade agreements. In some countries, tax rates are relatively low in order to attract foreign investment and encourage economic growth, while in others, higher rates are imposed to fund social welfare programs and address income inequality.

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The machine metaphor treats employees as machines. machines are designed in such a way that the parts are replaceable. This is referred to as Option C. Standardization.

This term is used to describe when machines are designed to have parts that are interchangeable and replaceable. This means that any parts that need replacing or updating can be replaced with standard parts that are uniform across all machines.

The machine metaphor treats employees as machines, meaning that they can be standardized in order to optimize efficiency and performance. Standardization involves designing machines to have parts that are replaceable and interchangeable. This has several advantages, such as making it easier to repair machines and ensuring that all machines are of the same quality.

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The answer is "c. it is usually managed by its shareholders". A corporation is a legal entity that is separate from its owners, shareholders, and managers.

This means that the legal entity can sue or be sued, own property, enter into contracts, and be held liable for its actions. However, the shareholders are not responsible for managing the corporation. They may have the authority to appoint directors to run the company, but they do not usually manage it directly.The characteristic that is not related to a corporation is usually managed by its shareholders. Explanation:In the business world, a corporation is a type of business organization that is created under the laws of a particular state as a separate legal entity. It is not considered as a characteristic of a corporation that is usually managed by its shareholders. The corporation is separate from its owners, known as shareholders, who are not liable for the corporation's debts or obligations. Corporations, unlike partnerships and sole proprietorships, can issue stock to raise money. There are a few more traits that are commonly found in corporations, and these are as follows:It is a legal entity of its own.A corporation has the right to be sued and to sue.It is a legal entity with its own set of rights and obligations.Corporate shareholders are not liable for the company's debts.Corporations have a unique tax status that enables them to be taxed separately from their owners.Corporate officers are responsible for managing the corporation.Corporations are a distinct legal entity that is capable of suing or being sued in its own name. The corporate structure provides the benefit of limited liability, which means that the shareholders' liability is limited to the amount of their investment in the company.In conclusion, the characteristic that is not related to a corporation is usually managed by its shareholders.

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Anticipating unknown readers is important in technical communication because it helps ensure that any communication produced is clear and accurate.

Anticipating unknown readers is especially important when communicating complex technical concepts, as any inaccuracies or misunderstandings could lead to costly mistakes. Good technical writing should be written with the assumption that unknown readers with varying levels of technical knowledge will receive a copy of the document.

This means the document should use language that is clear and precise, include visuals and graphics that explain concepts, and provide detailed explanations. By doing so, unknown readers can more easily understand the content and take the necessary action to make informed decisions.

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We must compute the present value of the benefits and costs for each choice in order to obtain the benefit to cost ratio (BCR) for the three equipment alternatives.

We may use the present value formula to determine the present value of each option's benefits and expenses by assuming that they are distributed equally over the 20-year lifespan of each option. PV = FV / (1 + i)n, where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, I is the interest rate, and n is the number of years, is the formula for present value. the benefit to cost ratio (BCR) for the three equipment alternatives. Using this technique, we can compute the present value of the benefits and expenses for each choice and then divide the present value of the benefits by the present value.

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An earthwork contractor is planning to purchase new equipment for their construction projects. They have reviewed three options and need to determine the benefit to cost ratio (BCR) for the recommended option. The interest rate for financing the purchase is 10%, and the life of each option is 20 years. What is the BCR for the recommended option?

The addition of physical capital, human capital, and technology plays a critical role in creating economic growth. Here is a brief explanation of each:

1. Physical Capital: Physical capital refers to the machines, equipment, buildings, and infrastructure used in the production process. When a company invests in physical capital, it can increase its productivity, which leads to an increase in output and economic growth.

2. Human Capital: Human capital refers to the skills, knowledge, and experience of the workforce.

3. Technology: Technological advances can lead to increased productivity and efficiency, which can also lead to economic growth.

Economic growth refers to the increase in the production of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. It is typically measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the total value of all goods and services produced in a country during a specific period. Economic growth is usually associated with an increase in the standard of living and a reduction in poverty.

There are several factors that contribute to economic growth, such as investment in physical and human capital, technological progress, efficient use of resources, and institutional reforms. Economic growth can have positive impacts on the labor market, as it can create job opportunities and increase wages. However, economic growth can also have negative environmental and social impacts if it is not sustainable or inclusive.

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One characteristic that was not a contributing factor for industrial revolution was the country's long life expectancy.

The industrial revolution began in England for a variety of reasons, including the availability of many laborers, numerous rivers that allowed for the transportation of goods, and a strong banking system to finance businesses.

The industrial revolution in England was largely due to the country's population growth, the presence of numerous waterways, and the availability of capital from a strong banking system. This combination of factors allowed for the development of many new manufacturing industries, such as the steam engine, cotton production, and the invention of the spinning jenny. The labor force was also abundant, allowing for more efficient production of goods. However, long-life expectancy had little to do with the beginning of the industrial revolution. In fact, life expectancy was actually quite low in England at the time, with the average lifespan ranging between 35 and 45 years.

In conclusion, while many factors, such as an abundance of labor and capital, and the presence of numerous waterways, contributed to the start of the industrial revolution in England, the country's long-life expectancy did not play a role.

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Company X's return on equity can be determined by looking at the breakdown of the DuPont Framework. The DuPont Framework is a financial analysis tool used to calculate the return on equity (ROE). It breaks down ROE into three components: profit margin, asset turnover, and financial leverage.

By examining each of these components, investors can get a better understanding of how well a company is performing and make informed investment decisions.

Company X's profit margin calculates how much of each dollar of sales the company is keeping as profit. The asset turnover ratio measures how efficiently management is using the company's assets to generate sales. Financial leverage looks at how much debt a company is using relative to its equity to increase its return on equity.

By looking at these components, investors can get a better understanding of Company X's return on equity and make better decisions when investing in the company.

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The correct answer is "assembling products". Unit-level activities are activities that involve assembling products, heating a manufacturing facility, setting up machines, and advertising products.

What is a unit-level activity? A unit-level activity is an operation or activity performed on each unit of a product or service that a company produces. Assembling products is an example of a unit-level activity. These activities are directly related to the production or manufacturing of the products and services.

What is the difference between unit-level activities and non-unit-level activities?

The main difference between unit-level activities and non-unit-level activities is that unit-level activities are directly related to the production or manufacturing of the products and services, while non-unit-level activities are indirectly related. For example, advertising products is a non-unit-level activity because it is not directly related to the production of products but is still necessary for promoting and selling them. Heating a manufacturing facility is also a non-unit-level activity because it is not directly related to the production of products but is still necessary to keep the facility operational.

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The following can influence long-term planning is e. All of the above

Long-term planning is the process of preparing for future events that will have an impact on the organization's goals and objectives over a long period of time. The approach to planning differs according to the time frame involved. The strategic planning of the organization is long-term planning. There are a number of factors that may affect long-term planning. First, political trends, refer to the way people or political parties behave in a specific period of time, it has an impact on long-term planning and tt may also cause changes in business and economic decisions.

Geographical trends are the changes in the environment or climate, it may cause a problem or benefit to businesses located in different areas and it is a factor that influences long-term planning. Economic trends refer to the fluctuations in the economy that can be observed over a period of time. Economic trends have an impact on the long-term planning of an organization. All of the above is all of the factors mentioned above (political trends, geographical trends, and economic trends) can influence long-term planning.

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It is difficult to explain cross-country income differentials without resorting to cross-county differences in productive efficiency because the two concepts are related.

Income differentials are based on differences in productivity, which is determined by factors like the availability of resources, technology, education, and infrastructure.

These factors are often varied between countries, and thus can result in varying levels of productivity and income differentials.

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The element of the income statement that is not affected by supply chain management is interest expense. This is because interest expense is not related to supply chain operations.

An income statement is a financial report that displays a company's revenue and expenses for a given period, typically one year or a quarter. This document provides an overview of a company's profitability by comparing income to expenses. It is also known as a profit and loss statement.

A supply chain is a set of activities that begins with the acquisition of raw materials and ends with the delivery of a finished product to a customer. Every business wants to minimize the cost of supplies and boost efficiency in the supply chain to maintain or boost profitability. The supply chain management team's objective is to establish processes that allow the company to source, manufacture, and distribute products in the most cost-effective and timely manner possible.

The income statement is influenced by supply chain management in the following ways

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To answer this question, we will need to calculate the number of 5-year zeros required to make the initial cashflow equal to zero, the cash flows on this strategy in each year, and the effective 2-year interest rate on the effective 3-year-ahead forward loan.

A. To calculate the number of 5-year zeros required to make the initial cash flow equal to zero, we will need to calculate the total face value of the 5-year zeros required. To do this, we need to subtract the face value of the 3-year zero from the total face value of the maturity bonds.

The total facevalue of the maturity bonds is $4,484.79 (1,000 + 988.54 + 888.39 + 824.92 + 762.60 + 80.44). The face value of the 3-year zero is 1,000, so the total face value of the 5-year zeros required is $3,484.79.

B. To calculate the cash flows on this strategy in each year, we will need to calculate the interest payment on the 3-year bond and the face value of the 5-year zeros.

The interest payment on the 3-year bond will be $48.48 per year and the face value of the 5-year zeros is $3,484.79. The cash flows on this strategy in each year are therefore $48.48 for year 1, $48.48 for year 2, and $3,533.27 for year 3.

C. To calculate the effective 2-year interest rate on the effective 3-year-ahead forward loan, we need to use the formula (1  fa) x (1  fs)-1, where fa is the face value of the 3-year zero and fs is the face value of the 5-year zeros.

In this case, fa is 1,000 and fs is 3,484.79, so the effective 2-year interest rate on the effective 3-year-ahead forward loan is 0.2884, or 28.84%.

D. To confirm that the effective 2-year forward interest rate equals (1  fa) x (1  fs)-1, we will use the same formula to calculate the effective 2-year forward rate. In this case, fa is 1,000 and fs is 3,484.79, so the effective 2-year forward rate is 0.2884, or 28.84%. This confirms that the effective 2-year forward interest rate equals (1  fa) x (1  fs)-1.

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The difference between what producers actually receive and what they are willing and able to receive is the amount of profit they are able to make.

Producers are willing to receive the amount they can make a profit on, but they may actually receive a lesser amount due to factors such as market competition and other economic considerations.
Producer profit is also known as the surplus. Surplus/profit is the difference between what the producer actually receives and what they are willing and able to receive. This is the difference between the price received by producers for their goods and the lowest amount they are willing to accept to sell the same quantity of goods.

It is usually depicted graphically by the area above the supply curve and below the equilibrium price in a market. Producer surplus is the excess of the amount the producer actually receives for the goods they produce over the minimum amount they are willing and able to accept for the same quantity of goods produced.

Producers receive a surplus because they are willing and able to sell their goods at a lower price than they are willing and able to accept, which results in a surplus. Thus, the difference between what the producers actually receive and what they are willing and able to receive is called producer surplus.

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Some of the manager's main departments when organizing a business would include Human Resources, Sales, and Cleaning. Thus, the correct options are a, c, and d.

Managers play a crucial role in organizing and running a business. Some of the major departments that managers must consider when organizing a business include:

Human Resources: Human Resources departments are responsible for managing the company's workforce. They are in charge of recruiting new employees, administering benefits, managing payroll, and resolving employee grievances.

Sales: The sales department is responsible for generating revenue for the company. They are in charge of developing sales strategies, maintaining relationships with customers, and ensuring that sales targets are met.

Cleaning: The cleaning department is responsible for maintaining a clean and safe working environment. They are responsible for ensuring that the business premises are clean, tidy, and free of hazards.

Managers play a critical role in business organizations. They are responsible for managing people, resources, and processes to achieve the company's objectives. The following are some of the key functions of a manager:

Planning: Managers must develop plans and strategies to achieve the company's goals. They must set objectives, allocate resources, and establish processes to achieve their goals.

Organizing: Managers must organize the resources required to achieve their goals. They must create teams, define roles and responsibilities, and establish communication channels to ensure that everyone is working towards the same objectives.

Leading: Managers must provide direction and guidance to their teams. They must inspire and motivate their teams to achieve their goals, and they must ensure that everyone is working towards the same objectives.

Controlling: Managers must monitor performance and take corrective action when necessary. They must establish performance metrics, measure progress, and make adjustments to ensure that the company is on track to achieve its goals.

Thus, the correct options are a, c, and d.

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In accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), the question of when revenue should be recognized on the income statement is addressed by the "Revenue Recognition Principle."

This principle states that revenue should be recognized when it is earned and realized or realizable, and when it is probable that economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the company.

The steps for applying the revenue recognition principle include:

Identify the contract with the customer.

Identify the performance obligations in the contract.

Determine the transaction price.

Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations.

Recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied.

By following these steps, companies can ensure that they are recognizing revenue in accordance with GAAP and providing accurate financial statements to their stakeholders.

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Tip to manage nerves during a presentation: Anuj needs to give a presentation to the entire company. To manage his nerves during the presentation, there are some tips that he should follow. Below are some of the tips he can use to manage his nerves.

1. Adequate Preparation It is imperative to be adequately prepared for the presentation. Preparation is a critical component of delivering a good presentation. Anuj needs to prepare well to have a clear understanding of the topics and ideas that he will be presenting.

2. Rehearsal Anuj can rehearse his presentation to a smaller audience before the actual presentation. This will help him to feel more comfortable and confident when delivering his speech. Rehearsing can also assist in identifying areas that need improvement.

3. Breathing Techniques Deep breathing exercises can assist Anuj in reducing his nervousness. He should practice taking deep breaths and exhaling slowly. This exercise can assist in calming the mind and reducing tension.

4. Positive Thinking Anuj should engage in positive thinking. He should visualize a positive outcome and avoid focusing on potential negative outcomes. This can assist in building self-confidence and alleviating anxiety.

5. Relaxation Techniques Relaxation techniques can also be beneficial. These techniques can include meditation, yoga, or any other method that can help Anuj relax. The objective is to be calm and collected while giving the presentation. The above are some of the tips that Anuj can use to manage his nerves during the presentation.

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The following actions would help a firm’s growth problem if its actual sales growth exceeds its sustainable rate of growth: I, II, and IV only. The correct option is 3.

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Sean is a community college student. He is willing to pay $705 for a ticket. Anca has seen Hamilton five times already but wants to see it again before heading to Europe for a month. She is willing to pay $1,250 for a ticket. There is one ticket left, and the seller is charging $700. Sean buying the ticket leads to a more economically efficient outcome.

What is Economic Efficiency?

Economic efficiency is a term used to describe the state of the economy where the greatest possible amount of goods and services are produced from a limited set of inputs. Economic efficiency occurs when market pricing and equilibrium are aligned with society's preferred resource allocation.

The price of the ticket is $700. Sean is willing to pay $705 for the ticket, which is $5 more than the price. Anca, on the other hand, is willing to pay $1,250, which is considerably more than the ticket's price. Therefore, when Sean buys the ticket, economic efficiency is maximized, whereas when Anca buys the ticket, economic efficiency is diminished because she is overpaying for the ticket.

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A legally required benefit is b. Workers' compensation.

Workers' compensation is the benefit that is legally required in most states and provides protection to employees in the event of a workplace injury or illness. It covers medical expenses and lost wages, and typically also includes disability benefits.

Pay for time not worked, retirement plans, and day care are not legally required benefits. However, some employers may offer them as part of their employee benefits packages.

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On the last day of its financial year ending December 31, 2020, Boatright Ship Builders completed two financial arrangements. It is not possible to determine how much the semi-annual interest payment will be.

Boatright Ship Builders completed two financial arrangements on the last day of its financial year ending December 31, 2020. The semi-annual interest payment will depend on the details of the financial arrangements that were completed, which are not provided in the question. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how much the semi-annual interest payment will be.

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The time period which will be required to convert $100 into $1000 deposited for quarterly compounding at the rate of 6% is approximately 6.04 years.

To calculate the time duration in which the money gets converted into a higher value, one has to use the formula for compound interest which gives a relation between the principal amount, time period and the rate of interest. This formula is used by banks and other firms to get the value of their interests and amounts lent to someone.

The formula for compound interest is given as: A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)   ...(1)

where: A = the amount which is achieved in the end (in this case it is equal to $1000)

P = the principal amount

r = the annual interest rate (i.e. 6%)

n = the number of times the interest is compounded per year (It is equal to 4 since compounding is done quarterly)

t = the time in years

Substituting the values in given equation (1), we get:

1000 = 100(1 + 0.06/4)^(4t)   ...(Taking logarithm both sides)

ln(10) = t * ln(1 + 0.06/4)/ln(1.25)

⇒ t = ln(10) / (4 * ln(1.015))

⇒ t = 24.17 quarters

The time of 24.17 quarters is approximately equal to 6.04 years (since 24.17/4 = 6.04).

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Cash flows and revenues recognized differ because of the difference in accounting principles. Under the accrual basis of accounting, revenue is recognized when it is earned.

Regardless of when cash is received. On the other hand, cash flows are the actual inflows and outflows of cash from a business during a given period of time, which may not necessarily match the revenues recognized by the business.

In financial or managerial accounting, cash flows are used as a basis for making financial decisions, whereas revenues are used for financial reporting purposes. The differences in cash flows and revenues recognized are due to the timing of cash inflows and outflows as well as the recognition of revenues on an accrual basis, whereas cash flows represent actual cash received or paid out by a business.

In conclusion, cash flows and revenues recognized differ due to the different accounting principles they are based on, and they serve different purposes in financial and managerial accounting.

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When a food products company is facing new competition, it is a difficult decision to make for the following reasons:

Competitive pressures can lead to a loss of market share, which can have a negative impact on sales and revenue. Companies must respond to new competition in order to maintain their market position, but the response must be carefully considered to avoid making the situation worse.

If the company responds aggressively, it can lead to price wars and erode profitability. Additionally, the company may not have the resources to compete effectively against larger, more established competitors.The decision of how to respond in the market must take into account the company's goals, resources, and market position.

The company must decide whether to cut prices to match competitors, increase spending on marketing and advertising to differentiate their products, or introduce new products that appeal to customers.

The company must also consider the potential impact of their response on their brand image and customer loyalty. For example, a decision to cut prices may be seen as a sign of weakness and lead to a loss of brand value.

The decision of how to respond to new competition is a difficult one for any company, and requires careful consideration of all factors involved. Companies that are able to respond effectively can maintain their market position and grow their business, while those that are unable to respond effectively may find themselves losing market share and struggling to survive in the marketplace.

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If a buyer offered to write you a check instead we must be telling the buyer to cash the check at his bank and bring you cash would be the safest course of action.

Although it is generally secure to pay by check, if we continue to do so, we may be more vulnerable to fraud and theft. Financial experts advise using a credit or debit card in place of cash for this reason.

You had to make purchases from paper catalogues or send in utility payments for a very long time if you wanted to pay with a check. Because of this, your checks contain personal information including your full name, postal address, and phone number.

The fact that checks include your banking routing and account numbers on them otherwise, how would the payment be processed is even more alarming. You could become a target for shady activities with all that information available for anyone to see who handles your bill.

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The following statement about the impact of a company's competitive efforts in a region on its regional market share and the number of branded pairs sold is false.

A company's competitive efforts in a region can have a significant impact on its regional market share and the number of branded pairs sold.

The following statements are true about the impact of a company's competitive efforts in a region on its regional market share and the number of branded pairs sold. It may help the company to gain market share in the region by outperforming its competitors by providing a higher level of satisfaction or delivering the product at a lower price.

It can lead to the loss of the company's market share in the region if it fails to keep up with the competitors' efforts, leading to customers switching to other brands. It will result in a decrease in the number of branded pairs sold.

It may lead to the promotion of the company's brand in the region, leading to an increase in sales and profits. It may result in an increase in customer loyalty towards the company's brand, leading to repeat sales and an increase in market share.

Therefore, branded pairs sold are affected by the competitive efforts of the company.

The false statement is that branded pairs sold are not affected by the competitive efforts of the company. The sales and the profits of the company's brand are positively or negatively impacted by the competitive efforts of the company. Hence, the statement is incorrect.

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With regard to Fiscal and Monetary Discussion, in the past year, the country of Marland has experienced a surge in economic activity due to a boom in the technology industry.

As a result, Marland's gross domestic product (GDP) has increased by 5% and unemployment has decreased to 4.5%. However, this increase in economic activity has also led to an increase in inflation, with consumer prices rising by 3%.

In response, the central bank has raised interest rates to 3%, leading to a decrease in consumer spending and a slowdown in housing construction. The government has also increased taxes on luxury goods to combat inflation. These actions have resulted in a decrease in business investments, leading to a contraction in the economy.

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Material non-public information is information about a company that could have a significant effect on the price of the company's stock once that information is released.

This information is not available to the public, and is only known by those with access to confidential information. Material non-public information can be anything from a company's financial results, strategic plans, or upcoming product launches.

It is important to note that trading on the basis of this information is strictly prohibited and is considered insider trading. It is essential that investors understand the legal implications of trading on the basis of material non-public information in order to avoid any legal repercussions.

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Resource heterogeneity and resource immobility are the key assumptions behind the resource-based model of the firm.

The resource-based view (RBV) of the firm is an organizational theory that argues that the basis of a firm's competitive edge lies in its resources and capabilities. A firm's assets and competencies, rather than the market it works in or the environment it operates in, are the determining factors of its success or failure, according to the RBV. The resource-based view proposes that a firm's success is based on its capacity to obtain and use resources that are difficult to duplicate or replace. The resource-based view is a shift in strategic management thinking that emphasizes the importance of internal resources over external factors.

The resource heterogeneity assumption refers to the fact that firms have different sets of resources and competencies that they can use to achieve their objectives. The resource heterogeneity argument emphasizes that not all resources and competencies are interchangeable, and that they can provide a competitive edge for the firm if they are rare and difficult to duplicate.What is meant by resource immobility?The resource immobility assumption refers to the fact that resources and competencies are immobile and difficult to transfer between firms. They're said to be immobile because it's difficult to transfer them from one company to another, making them a valuable source of competitive advantage. This emphasizes the importance of creating strategic assets within the firm, as opposed to acquiring them in the market.

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Answer: medicare

Explanation:

step by step

Answer: D

Explanation: step by step