The framework of multiculturalism can help preserve and conserve the Rice Terraces and the culture of the Ifugao by recognizing and protecting the heritage of the indigenous people. It encourages respect for different cultural traditions and views, which can help to preserve the historical sites and culture of the Ifugao.
First, multiculturalism recognizes and values the diversity of cultures within a society. This means that the unique culture and traditions of the Ifugao people are seen as valuable and worthy of preservation. By valuing and respecting the Ifugao culture, efforts can be made to ensure that their traditions and way of life are protected and passed down to future generations.
Second, multiculturalism promotes the idea of cultural exchange and learning from different cultures. This means that people from other cultures can learn about the Ifugao culture and the importance of the Rice Terraces. By raising awareness about the significance of the Rice Terraces and the Ifugao culture, more people will be motivated to help preserve and conserve them.
Third, multiculturalism encourages the inclusion and participation of all members of society. This means that the Ifugao people should be involved in decision-making processes related to the preservation and conservation of the Rice Terraces and their culture. By including the Ifugao people in these processes, their voices and perspectives can be heard and taken into consideration.
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In a production process of smartphone screens, the manager wants to determine the reliability of the products. The screens must last at least 250 hours. He put under stress testing 50 screens over 250 hour period. The result were as follow: Number of units Number of hours they have lasted 2 12 5 102 8 188 10 204 25 250 1) Calculate the number of failures per hour () (2pts). 2) What is the probability that the screens will last more than 500 hours?
The number of failures per hour is 25/250=0.1. The probability that the screens will last more than 500 hours is 0.
1) The number of failures per hour is calculated by dividing the total number of failures by the total number of hours tested. In this case, the total number of failures is 2+5+8+10=25 and the total number of hours tested is 250. Therefore, the number of failures per hour is 25/250=0.1.
2) To determine the probability that the screens will last more than 500 hours, we need to calculate the number of screens that lasted more than 500 hours and divide it by the total number of screens tested. In this case, none of the screens lasted more than 500 hours, so the probability is 0/50=0. Therefore, the probability that the screens will last more than 500 hours is 0.
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i) "The legislator’s and the regulator’s main goal is to keep itself in power. So, they design regulation in a way that can attend the needs of the interest group that exercises more relative pressure on them" (Source: Cardoso,2008, p.6).Required:a- The statement above is related to economic interest theory. Explain the concept of economic interest theory.b- Politically connected firm means the close relationship between business and political elements. Describe this relationship according to economic interest theory.
a) Economic interest theory posits that legislation and regulation are heavily influenced by economic interest groups. b) In economic interest theory, a politically connected firm is a business that has a close relationship with political elements, such as legislators and regulators.
a) Economic interest theory is a concept that suggests that individuals and groups are motivated by their own economic self-interest. This means that people will make decisions and act in ways that will benefit them financially.
According to this theory, legislators and regulators are also motivated by their own economic self-interest, and will design regulations in a way that benefits the interest groups that have the most influence on them. This is because these interest groups can provide financial support to the legislators and regulators, which can help them stay in power.
b) Politically connected firms refer to firms that have a close relationship with the political elements in a given jurisdiction. According to economic interest theory, these firms may be granted access to special treatment and regulations, including preferential taxation, access to government loans or subsidies, or access to regulations that restrict competition.
This relationship can be beneficial for both the firm and the political elements, as the firm can use its influence to get favorable regulations and policies, while the political elements can receive financial support from the firm. This relationship can lead to a situation where the interests of the politically connected firm are prioritized over the interests of other stakeholders, such as consumers and competitors.
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Question 23 (5 points) Please name and describe the four theories we discussed related to market efficiency Question 24 (5 points) What is a. the expected return b. standard deviation for the following two stock portfolio? (please take out to 100th, example: 56) Stock Weight Return Standard Dev Correlation between A/B
А 0.4 0.12 0.25 0.45
B 0.6 0.1 0.15
Question 23 (5 points) Please name and describe the four theories we discussed related to market efficiency Question 24 (5 points) What is a. the expected return b. standard deviation for the following two stock portfolio? (please take out to 100th, example: 56) Stock Weight Return Standard Dev Correlation between A/B А 0.4 0.12 0.25 0.45 B 0.6 0.1 0.15
Answer 23:
The four theories related to market efficiency are:
1. The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH): This theory suggests that all available information is reflected in the prices of stocks, and that it is impossible to consistently beat the market.
2. The Random Walk Theory: This theory suggests that stock prices are unpredictable and move randomly, making it impossible to consistently make profits by trying to predict the future prices of stocks.
3. The Behavioral Finance Theory: This theory suggests that investors are not always rational and that their decisions can be influenced by biases and emotions, which can lead to market inefficiencies.
4. The Fundamental Analysis Theory: This theory suggests that it is possible to determine the intrinsic value of a stock by analyzing the financial health and prospects of the company, and that stocks can be undervalued or overvalued based on this analysis.
Answer 24:
a. The expected return of the portfolio is calculated by multiplying the weight of each stock by its return and then summing the results:
Expected return = (0.4 x 0.12) + (0.6 x 0.1) = 0.048 + 0.06 = 0.108 or 10.8%
b. The standard deviation of the portfolio is calculated using the following formula:
Standard deviation = √[(0.4^2 x 0.25^2) + (0.6^2 x 0.15^2) + (2 x 0.4 x 0.6 x 0.25 x 0.15 x 0.45)]
= √[0.01 + 0.0054 + 0.0081] = √0.0235 = 0.1532 or 15.32%
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Josephine picks up a handbag. She brings it to the cashier. The cashier refuses to sell the handbag to Josephine because the handbag has been reserved for another customer. Advise Josephine whether she can force the shop to sell her the handbag. (20mark) (b) Yen Yen offered to sell her dog for RM 500. Ah Beng offers to purchase Yen Yen's dog for RM 200. Yen Yen answered "hello, no way". Ah Beng replied that he now wants to accept the original offer of RM 500. Yen Yen did not reply to Ah Beng. Discuss whether there is a contract between the parties.(20mark) (c) Pinky is a sought-after speaker. She asks Ah Meng, her husband, to prepare her speech in one of her seminars. She says she will give him 50% of the fees she earns for speaking in the event. Ah Meng completed the speech and claims for the money. Pinky refuses to pay her husband. Advise Ah Meng whether Pinky's promise to pay him is binding. (20mark) (d) Christy, a 17 year old daughter of a rich businessman, is currently studying at Segi University College. She signed a contract to buy a luxurious handbag that costs RM 5,000. Is this contract valid? (20mark)
In the passage shop cannot be stopped forcefully by Josephine , The contract was not made between Yen Yen and Ah Beng. Because of the domestic agreement between a husband and wife Pinky's promise was not binding
(a) Josephine cannot force the shop to sell her the handbag because the handbag has been reserved for another customer. The shop has the right to refuse to sell the handbag to Josephine as it is not available for sale.
(b) There is no contract between Yen Yen and Ah Beng. An offer is a proposal to enter into a contract, and an acceptance is an agreement to the terms of the offer. In this case, Yen Yen offered to sell her dog for RM 500, but Ah Beng countered with an offer of RM 200.
Yen Yen rejected Ah Beng's counteroffer, and there was no acceptance of the original offer. Therefore, there is no contract between the parties.
(c) Pinky's promise to pay Ah Meng is not binding because it is a domestic agreement between a husband and wife. Domestic agreements are generally not enforceable because they are not intended to create legal relations. Therefore, Ah Meng cannot enforce Pinky's promise to pay him for preparing her speech.
(d) The contract between Christy and the seller of the luxurious handbag is not valid because Christy is a minor. Minors are not legally capable of entering into contracts, and any contract entered into by a minor is voidable. Therefore, the contract between Christy and the seller is not enforceable.
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Imagine that you are a venture capitalist at Conrad Ventures evaluating the following startup idea today (assume today’s date is January 1, 2022). Your fund typically seeks a 25% IRR on its investments. The startup requires 4 rounds of financing over the next 7 years: $1 million today, $1 million in two years, $2 million in 3 years, and $3 million in 7 years. If the company has an IPO at the end of 10 years, the company will be worth $1.2 billion; the probability of an IPO is 10%. Otherwise, if the company is acquired by another company in 10 years (which happens with 35% probability), the expected acquisition value will be $900 million. If the company does not get acquired, it will be worth 0. The founders of the company initially allocate 1,100,000 shares to themselves, and decide keep 250,000 shares in reserve in case they wish to hire any additional employees in the future.
a) Please provide the share price of the startup in each round of financing and the number of shares issued to investors in each round.
b) How do your answers to part a) change if the probability of acquisition is only 15% (assume all other information in the problem stays the same)? Please provide one sentence explaining intuition for how the results change.
c) Suppose the founders wish to understand how potential changes in the investment amounts would impact the share price in each round. If the share price in round 2 were to decrease by 2.36%, due to a change of x% in the investment amount in the third year, what would x be? (Assume all other information in the problems stays the same as originally posed, so the probability of acquisition is 35%. Also assume that the number of new shares issued to investors at time 0 stays the same as what you calculated in part a). If you are unable to answer this question, please provide equations that describe the conditions that x must satisfy.
a) For Round 1, the share price is $1,000,000/1,100,000 = $909.09 per share and the number of shares issued to investors is 1,100,000-250,000=850,000.
For Round 2, the share price is $1,000,000/1,850,000 = $541.37 per share and the number of shares issued to investors is 1,850,000-250,000=1,600,000.
For Round 3, the share price is $2,000,000/3,450,000 = $580.52 per share and the number of shares issued to investors is 3,450,000-250,000=3,200,000.
For Round 4, the share price is $3,000,000/5,650,000 = $529.51 per share and the number of shares issued to investors is 5,650,000-250,000=5,400,000.
b) If the probability of acquisition is only 15%, then the expected acquisition value decreases to $600 million and the share price in Round 4 would decrease to $107.89 per share.
The lower probability of acquisition has decreased the value of the startup and thus the share price decreases.
c) The x value is the percentage change in the investment amount in the third year. It is calculated as x = (2.36/580.52)*100 = 0.41%.
If the investment amount in the third year decreases by 0.41%, the share price in Round 2 will decrease by 2.36%.
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Complete the following sentence.
A traditional cover letter's format includes an introduction, a ______ and a ______ paragraph.
Answer:
body, closing
That was easy
Explanation:
What is social entrepreneurship and how is it related to thebottom of the pyramid (BOP)? Why are integrated reports increasingin popularity?
Social entrepreneurship is the use of innovative and creative approaches to solve social problems or meet social needs. It involves creating and implementing solutions that are sustainable, scalable, and can create a positive impact in the lives of the people it serves.
Social entrepreneurship is related to the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) because it often focuses on creating solutions for underserved or marginalized communities that are typically at the bottom of the economic pyramid.
Integrated reports are increasing in popularity because they provide a more holistic and comprehensive view of a company's performance. They not only include financial information, but also information on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors. This allows companies to better communicate their impact and value to stakeholders, including investors, customers, employees, and the community. Integrated reporting also helps companies to better understand their risks and opportunities, and to make more informed decisions about their strategy and operations.
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Interchange Inc. had sales of $400,000, based on a unit selling price of $200. The variable cost per unit was $175, and fixed costs were $75,000. The maximum sales within Interchange Inc.’s relevant range are 2,750 units. Interchange Inc. is considering a proposal to spend an additional $32,750 on billboard advertising during the current year in an attempt to increase sales and utilize unused capacity.
a. Construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales for last year. Verify your answer, using the break-even equation.
Break-even sales (dollars) = 600,000 and Break-even sales (units) = 3,000
b. Using the cost-volume-profit chart prepared in part (1), determine (A) the income from operations for last year and (B) the maximum income from operations that could have been realized during the year. Verify your answers using the mathematical approach to cost-volume-profit analysis. Income from operations for last year Per unit # of units Total Sales 200 2000 400,000 Variable Costs 175 2000 350,000 Contribution margin 25 2000 50,000 Fixed Costs 75,000 Operating Income 25,000
Income from operations for last year
Per unit # of units Total
Sales 200 2000 400,000
Variable Costs 175 2000 350,000
Contribution margin 25 2000 50,000
Fixed Costs 75,000
Operating Income 25,000
(B)
Sales 200 2,750 550,000
Variable Costs 175 2,750 481,250
Contribution Margin 25 2,750 68,750
Fixed Costs 75,000
Operating Income 62,500
c. Construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales for the current year, assuming that a noncancellable contract is signed for the additional billboard advertising. No changes are expected in the unit selling price or other costs. Verify your answer, using the break-even equation.
d. Using the cost-volume-profit chart prepared in part (3), determine i. the income from operations if sales total 2,200 units and ii. the maximum income from operations that could be realized during the year. Verify your answers using the mathematical approach to cost-volume-profit analysis.
(I need help with questions C & D)
The break-even sales for the current year are 4,310 units or $862,000 and the maximum income from operations that could be realized during the year is -$39,000.
C) To construct a cost-volume-profit chart indicating the break-even sales for the current year, we need to take into account the additional $32,750 on billboard advertising. This will increase the fixed costs to $107,750 ($75,000 + $32,750). The variable cost per unit and the unit selling price remain the same. The break-even equation is:
Break-even sales (units) = Fixed costs / (Unit selling price - Variable cost per unit)
Break-even sales (units) = $107,750 / ($200 - $175) = 4,310 units
Break-even sales (dollars) = Break-even sales (units) * Unit selling price = 4,310 units * $200 = $862,000
Therefore, the break-even sales for the current year are 4,310 units or $862,000.
D) To determine the income from operations if sales total 2,200 units, we can use the following equation:
Income from operations = (Unit selling price * Number of units sold) - (Variable cost per unit * Number of units sold) - Fixed costs
Income from operations = ($200 * 2,200) - ($175 * 2,200) - $107,750 = $440,000 - $385,000 - $107,750 = -$52,750
Therefore, the income from operations if sales total 2,200 units is -$52,750.
To determine the maximum income from operations that could be realized during the year, we can use the same equation with the maximum sales within Interchange Inc.'s relevant range of 2,750 units:
Income from operations = ($200 * 2,750) - ($175 * 2,750) - $107,750 = $550,000 - $481,250 - $107,750 = -$39,000
Therefore, the maximum income from operations that could be realized during the year is -$39,000.
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Q21) You would like to retire in 25.0 years. The expected rate of inflation is 3.04% per year. You currently have a standard of living that requires $6,050.00 of monthly expenses. Assuming you want to maintain the Same standard of living in retirement, what are your monthly expenses expected to be the first year of retirement? (2 points)
The answer are monthly expenses in the first year of retirement expected to be $12,768.28
To determine the monthly expenses in the first year of retirement, we need to account for the expected rate of inflation over the next 25 years. We can do this by using the formula:
Future Value = Present Value * (1 + Inflation Rate) ^ Number of Years
Plugging in the given values:
Future Value = $6,050.00 * (1 + 0.0304) ^ 25
Future Value = $6,050.00 * 2.11
Future Value = $12,768.28
Therefore, your monthly expenses in the first year of retirement are expected to be $12,768.28 in order to maintain the same standard of living.
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what should you be aware of when looking at for-profit trade schools explain your reasoning
Explanation:
One of the simplest ways to find out more information about a trade school is to speak with the instructors. It is crucial to take into account the kinds of trades that are provided at this particular school. Particularly if it is preparing you for a career, school can be expensive. However, compared to more conventional Bachelor's degrees, attending trade school could save you tens of thousands of dollars. Before selecting a trade school, you should also think about the type of coursework you will be taking. Last but not least, make sure the trade school you select is accredited. Accreditation indicates that the institution satisfies the accreditor's standards and that the programs have been evaluated by peers in the industry.
i hope this helps. :)
Blue devil restaurant chain purchases food ingredients from 4 different suppliers. The chain wants to construct a Central Kitchen, where all the food ingredients are received and processed before they are shipped to the various restaurants. The individual restaurants will then complete the food preparations and there by reduce their operating costs. Your task is to find a location (X & Y coordinates) that is central to the 4 major food ingredient suppliers using the Center-of-Gravity approach. Details follow:Food Supplier: Amazing Foods Best Foods Cozy Foods Desirable FoodsX-Coordinate: 200 100 250 500Y Coordinate: 200 500 600 300Weekly Load shipped: 75 105 135 60
The Center-of-Gravity approach can be used to find a location that is central to the 4 major food ingredient suppliers. The x-coordinate for the central location is 333.33, and the y-coordinate is 333.33. This is the optimal location for the Central Kitchen, as it is equidistant from each of the 4 suppliers.
The formula for calculating the Center-of-Gravity is:
X Coordinate: (200x75 + 100x105 + 250x135 + 500x60)/(75+105+135+60)
Y Coordinate: (200x75 + 500x105 + 600x135 + 300x60)/(75+105+135+60)
The Center-of-Gravity of the four suppliers is at (333.33, 333.33). This is the optimal location for the Central Kitchen, as it is equidistant from each of the 4 suppliers.
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question 1
If you deposit $2,000 in a bank account that pays 4% interest annually, how much will be in your account after 5 years? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to the nearest cent.
Explanation:
The formula to calculate the future value of a present sum of money with compound interest is:
FV = PV x (1 + r)n
Where: FV = Future Value PV = Present Value r = Interest Rate per Period n = Number of Periods
In this case, the present value (PV) is $2,000, the interest rate (r) is 4% or 0.04 per year, and the number of periods (n) is 5 years. Therefore, we can calculate the future value (FV) as follows:
FV = $2,000 x (1 + 0.04)5 FV = $2,000 x 1.21665 FV = $2,433.30
Therefore, after 5 years, the amount in the account will be $2,433.30 (rounded to the nearest cent).
Stear Corp. paid $35,000 as dividends to its shareholders for an accounting period. What is the entry in the journal of the company?
A.
Dividend Account (debit) 35,000; Cash Account (credit) 35,000
B.
Cash Account (debit) 35,000; Dividend Account (credit) 35,000
C.
Dividend Account (debit) 35,000; Shares Account (credit) 35,000
D.
Shares Account (debit) 35,000; Cash Account (credit) 35,000
E.
Shares Account (debit) 35,000; Dividend Account (credit) 35,000
"Debit:" is the entry that must be made in order to close the dividend account. $35,000 in credit and retained earnings: The journal transaction indicated that dividend expense was $35,000. Option A is correct .
What exactly is a dividend account?The sub-account that is used to receive and hold cash dividends paid by the Plan Sponsor on Employer Securities held by the Plan until they are distributed or invested in Employer Securities is referred to as the Dividend Account. The Dividend Account will be treated in the same way as the Employer Securities Account for all Plan purposes, including diversification, upon investment in Employer Securities. "Debit:" is the necessary entry to close the dividend account. Credit and retained earnings of $35,000: based on the journal transaction, dividend expense was $35,000.
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If the value of the Swiss Franc (CHF) is currently $1.08, and
the value of Polish Zloty (PLN) is $0.24, then the value of one
Zloty in Swiss Francs is CHF ____
If the value of the Swiss Franc (CHF) is currently $1.08, and the value of Polish Zloty (PLN) is $0.24, then the value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs is CHF 0.22
The value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs can be found by dividing the value of the Zloty by the value of the Swiss Franc. This can be written as:
Value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs = (Value of Zloty) / (Value of Swiss Franc)
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs = ($0.24) / ($1.08)
Value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs = 0.2222222222222222
Therefore, the value of one Zloty in Swiss Francs is CHF 0.2222222222222222, or approximately CHF 0.22.
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The HR department at Fresh Munchables is considering a point factor approach for establishing internal alignment. The company is mid-sized but is growing steadily, and it is projected to become a large organization within the next 10 years. What is true about the point factor approach that would benefit Fresh Munchables?
Employees now qualify for discounts on packaged meat goods as a result of Fresh Munchables' acquisition of a new freeze-dried meat business.
What is Fresh Munchables?
The HR team has instructed Kenna, a supervisor, to notify her staff members about these new perks through formal training, supervisor-based training, and easily accessible internet material.
Fresh Munchables, a mid-sized but rapidly expanding food-processing business, was established in 1967. The business has made a commitment to solely sell premium-quality health goods ever since it was founded.
The business is based in Wichita, Kansas, and is one of the biggest producers of soups and easy dinners there. The business started producing healthful food and beverages 20 years ago.
Therefore, Employees now qualify for discounts on packaged meat goods as a result of Fresh Munchables' acquisition of a new freeze-dried meat business.
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dale runs a very successful business and often feels as if there is not enough time in the day to accomplish everything that he needs to. He has always struggled with time management and has decided to start employing some strategies that other successful entrepreneurs use to manage their time better. What is one strategy that dale might use to do this?
Time management boosts a company's productivity and effectiveness, thus business owners should always work on building or improving it.
What exactly does time management entail?Planning and exercising deliberate control over the amount of time spent on particular tasks, especially to boost effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity, is the practise of time management.
The practise of controlling and arranging how to split your time between various activities is known as time management. If you execute it correctly, you'll find that you work more efficiently and effectively to complete more tasks in less time, even under time constraints and heavy pressure. The most successful people have great time management skills.
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Using a corporate example analyze the application of Vroomsexpectancy theory of motivation. OR what intrinsicmotivation you towards your career and personal goals ?
Vroom's Expectancy Theory of Motivation states that individuals are motivated to act when they believe their actions will lead to desirable outcomes. This theory posits that motivation is a function of three factors: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Expectancy refers to an individual's belief that their effort will lead to successful performance.
An example of the application of Vroom's Expectancy Theory in a corporate setting is a company offering bonuses to employees for meeting certain performance targets. The expectancy factor is present because employees believe that if they put in the effort, they will achieve the performance targets. The instrumentality factor is present because employees believe that if they achieve the performance targets, they will receive the bonus.
Intrinsic motivation is the drive to engage in an activity for its own sake, rather than for external rewards. For me, intrinsic motivation towards my career and personal goals comes from a desire to learn and grow, a sense of accomplishment, and a passion for what I am doing. For example, I am intrinsically motivated to pursue a career in a field that I am passionate about, even if it may not be the most financially rewarding.
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Burt is saving up for his retirement. Today is his 36th birthday. Burt first started saving when he was 25 years old. On his 25th birthday, Burt made the first contribution to his retirement account when he deposited $1,500. Each year on his birthday, Burt has contributed another $1,500 to the account. The 12th (and last) of these contributions was made earlier today on his 36th birthday. The account has paid an effective annual rate of return of 6.4%.
a) How much will Burt have in the account on his 36th birthday (after the contribution mentioned above)?
Burt wants to close the account tomorrow and move the money to a stock fund which is expected to earn an effective annual return of 8.3% a year. Burt’s plan is to continue making contributions of an undetermined amount to this account each year on his birthday. His next contribution will be one year from today (age 37) and his final planned contribution will be on his 66th birthday (30 additional contributions in all). Burt hopes to withdraw $8,000 a month for 20 years after he retires (240 withdrawals starting one month after his 66th birthday).
b) How much does Burt need in his account on his 66th birthday to fund the future withdrawals?
c) How much does each of the 30 annual contributions (from age 37 to 66) need to be to reach this goal?
a) Burt will have $14,208.66 in the account on his 36th birthday after the contribution mentioned above. b) Burt needs $412,041.96 in his account on his 66th birthday to fund the future withdrawals. c) each of the 30 annual contributions needs to be $3,424.43 to reach this goal.
a) The formula to calculate the future value of an annuity is FV = P * [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r, where P is the payment, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of payments. In this case, P = $1,500, r = 0.064, and n = 12. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
FV = $1,500 * [(1 + 0.064)^12 - 1] / 0.064
FV = $1,500 * 9.472
FV = $14,208.66
So, Burt will have $14,208.66 in the account on his 36th birthday after the contribution mentioned above.
b) To find out how much Burt needs in his account on his 66th birthday to fund the future withdrawals, we need to use the formula PV = FV / (1 + r)^n, where PV is the present value, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of payments. In this case, FV = $8,000 * 240 = $1,920,000, r = 0.083, and n = 20. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
PV = $1,920,000 / (1 + 0.083)^20
PV = $1,920,000 / 4.661
PV = $412,041.96
So, Burt needs $412,041.96 in his account on his 66th birthday to fund the future withdrawals.
c) To find out how much each of the 30 annual contributions needs to be to reach this goal, we need to use the formula P = FV * r / [(1 + r)^n - 1], where P is the payment, FV is the future value, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of payments. In this case, FV = $412,041.96, r = 0.083, and n = 30. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
P = $412,041.96 * 0.083 / [(1 + 0.083)^30 - 1]
P = $34,199.48 / 9.986
P = $3,424.43
So, each of the 30 annual contributions needs to be $3,424.43 to reach this goal.
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The purpose of synthesizing information is to:
prove that your facts are the most relevant facts to support your thesis or claim.
think critically about information from many sources and use that evidence to support a claim, thesis or larger idea that may not be stated directly (but you can show us through evidence how you came to your big, new idea).
state one fact from one source to focus on one detail to support a claim, main idea, or thesis.
Students can combine information from several sources by information synthesising it. When these sources are merged, a single, coherent notion is produced. This is often how students are introduced to new concepts, theories, and knowledge in the classroom.
What is the information that is being synthesised?Information synthesis is the act of reviewing and comparing data from diverse sources, drawing connections between the data, and fusing the newly discovered data with previously known data to produce something new.
As you synthesise knowledge, you select particular concepts and take them into account in order to comprehend how they compare, contrast, and relate to one another. To produce a whole through synthesis, many components are combined.
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Consider the following two investment opportunities: a stock fund and a bond fund with E(rS)=0.20, σS=0.27, E(rB)=0.12, σB=0.15. The correlation coefficient between the two funds is 0.10. The expected rate of return of the minimum variance portfolio is _______%. (Please round your answer to the nearest first decimal place and note that a return of 0.251 should be expressed as 25.1%.)
The expected rate of return of the minimum variance portfolio is 17.1%.
The expected rate of return of the minimum variance portfolio can be calculated using the following formula:
E(rP) = wS * E(rS) + wB * E(rB)
Where:
E(rP) is the expected rate of return of the portfolio
wS is the weight of the stock fund in the portfolio
E(rS) is the expected rate of return of the stock fund
wB is the weight of the bond fund in the portfolio
E(rB) is the expected rate of return of the bond fund
To find the weights of the stock and bond funds in the minimum variance portfolio, we can use the following formulas:
wS = (σB^2 - ρSB * σS * σB) / (σS^2 + σB^2 - 2 * ρSB * σS * σB)
wB = 1 - wS
Where:
σS is the standard deviation of the stock fund
σB is the standard deviation of the bond fund
ρSB is the correlation coefficient between the stock and bond funds
Plugging in the given values:
wS = (0.15^2 - 0.10 * 0.27 * 0.15) / (0.27^2 + 0.15^2 - 2 * 0.10 * 0.27 * 0.15) = 0.64
wB = 1 - 0.64 = 0.36
Now we can plug these weights into the formula for the expected rate of return of the portfolio:
E(rP) = 0.64 * 0.20 + 0.36 * 0.12 = 0.1712
Therefore, the expected rate of return of the minimum variance portfolio is 17.1%.
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An investment in a machine costs $615,000 and net cash inflows of $X are expected for the next 9 years. The applicable discount rate is 8.5%. If the project is accepted, what is the minimum that X can be?
A) $98,449
B) $118,125
C) $107,019
D) $109,058
E) $100,506
An investment in a machine costs $615,000 and net cash inflows of $X are expected for the next 9 years. The applicable discount rate is 8.5%. If the project is accepted, the minimum that X can be is $109,058.
The correct answer is option D) $109,058.
To find the minimum that X can be, we need to use the present value of an annuity formula:
PV = X × [(1 - (1 + r)^-n)/r]
Where:
PV = Present value
X = Net cash inflow
r = Discount rate
n = Number of years
We are given the following values:
PV = $615,000
r = 8.5% = 0.085
n = 9
Substituting the values into the formula, we get:
$615,000 = X × [(1 - (1 + 0.085)^-9)/0.085]
Solving for X, we get:
X = $615,000/[(1 - (1 + 0.085)^-9)/0.085]
X = $109,058
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The authorised capital of a limited company is BD. 5,000,000 divided into 50,000 equity shares of BD.100 each. Out of these, some shares have been issued to the public, payable BD. 25 on application, BD. 30 on the allotment, BD. 25 on the first call and BD. 20 on the second and final call. All amounts have been duly received. Requirement: use the last five numbers of your student ID as the numbers of shares issued by the company. Pass necessary journal entries and prepare a Balance sheet 1 A- B I UN III E E
The journal entries and balance sheet for the issued shares will depend on the last five numbers of your student ID. For example, if the last five numbers of your student ID are 12345, then the company issued 12,345 shares.
The journal entries and balance sheet will be as follows:
Journal Entries:
1. Cash Dr. 308,625 (12,345 shares x BD. 25)
Equity Share Application A/C Cr. 308,625
2. Equity Share Application A/C Dr. 308,625
Equity Share Capital A/C Cr. 308,625 (12,345 shares x BD. 25)
3. Cash Dr. 370,350 (12,345 shares x BD. 30)
Equity Share Allotment A/C Cr. 370,350
4. Equity Share Allotment A/C Dr. 370,350
Equity Share Capital A/C Cr. 370,350 (12,345 shares x BD. 30)
5. Cash Dr. 308,625 (12,345 shares x BD. 25)
Equity Share First Call A/C Cr. 308,625
6. Equity Share First Call A/C Dr. 308,625
Equity Share Capital A/C Cr. 308,625 (12,345 shares x BD. 25)
7. Cash Dr. 246,900 (12,345 shares x BD. 20)
Equity Share Second and Final Call A/C Cr. 246,900
8. Equity Share Second and Final Call A/C Dr. 246,900
Equity Share Capital A/C Cr. 246,900 (12,345 shares x BD. 20)
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Select all that apply.
Select the items that describe a consumer.
invents new products
weighs costs and benefits of buying decisions
demands goods and services
makes goods and services
makes decisions based on preferences
Sets demands for goods and services, decides what to buy based on preferences, and weighs the costs and benefits before making a purchase
The correct answer is A, B, D
What does service refer to?Any action or use that a client, business, or state is prepared to shell out for is considered a service. Examples include the work carried out by barbers, physicians, lawyers, mechanics, banking, insurance businesses, and others. Public services are those that are funded by society (a nation-state, fiscal union, or region) as a whole.
What does it entail to render a service?You are offering a service if you carry out tasks that benefit someone else. While your neighbor is hospitalized, you would be doing your neighbor's kids a favor by making them dinner. Several applications of service revolve around helping or serving another person.
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The correct question is
Select all that apply.
Select the items that describe a consumer.
a. demands goods and services
b. makes decisions based on preferences
c. invents new products
d. makes goods and services
e. weighs costs and benefits of buying decisions
For tax-reporting purposes, qualified dividends are considered to be what type of income? A) Phantom. B) Passive. C) Portfolio. D) Earned
For tax-reporting purposes, qualified dividends are considered to be (c) portfolio income.
Dividends are payments made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually as a distribution of profits. The tax treatment of dividends depends on whether they are classified as qualified or nonqualified.
Qualified dividends are dividends that meet certain requirements set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). In general, to be considered qualified, dividends must be paid by a U.S. corporation or a qualified foreign corporation, and the shareholder must have held the stock for a certain period of time (usually at least 60 days for common stock, or 90 days for preferred stock).
Qualified dividends are taxed at the same rate as long-term capital gains, which is generally lower than the tax rate for ordinary income. This makes them a particularly attractive form of income for investors.
Portfolio income is income generated from investments, such as dividends, interest, and capital gains. This is in contrast to earned income, which is income from wages, salaries, and self-employment. Passive income, on the other hand, generally refers to income that is earned without active involvement, such as rental income or royalties.
In summary, for tax-reporting purposes, qualified dividends are considered to be portfolio income, which is income generated from investments such as dividends, interest, and capital gains.
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The Hershey Company:
Research and describe the company’s primary business activities. In addition, provide information regarding the company’s history, position within their industry, competition, recent developments, and future direction.
The Hershey Company is a leader in the U.S. chocolate and confectionery industry. The company was founded in 1894 by Milton Hershey and is headquartered in Hershey, Pennsylvania. Primary business activities include the manufacture and distribution of confectionery and chocolate products, food and beverage enhancers, snacks, and grocery products.
The Hershey Company’s position within the industry is one of leadership and innovation. In terms of competition, the company competes with large, multinational corporations such as Nestlé, Mars, and Mondelez International.
Recent developments include the acquisition of Ripple Brand Collective and its portfolio of brands in 2019, and the launch of its S’mores product line in 2020.
Looking forward, the Hershey Company is focused on continuing to drive innovation, build on its e-commerce strategy, and capitalize on new opportunities in emerging markets.
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Discuss the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and its effect and challenges to
business as a whole.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) is a law that was enacted in 2002 in response to a series of corporate scandals, including the collapse of Enron and WorldCom. The goal of the act is to increase corporate accountability and prevent fraud by requiring companies to adhere to stricter financial reporting and auditing standards.
One of the main effects of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on businesses is that it requires companies to implement internal controls to ensure the accuracy of their financial reporting. This includes creating an independent audit committee, hiring an external auditor, and implementing controls to prevent fraud and detect errors. The act also requires CEOs and CFOs to personally certify the accuracy of their company's financial statements.
While the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has helped to increase corporate accountability and prevent fraud, it has also created some challenges for businesses. One of the biggest challenges is the cost of compliance, which can be particularly burdensome for smaller companies. The act also imposes strict penalties for non-compliance, which can create a fear of legal liability for executives and board members.
Overall, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has had a significant impact on businesses, helping to increase corporate accountability and prevent fraud. However, it has also created some challenges, including the cost of compliance and the fear of legal liability.
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Hong Kong fixes its exchange rate with the US$ at HK$7.8/US$, but the financial market expects a 40% chance of a 20% devaluation of the HK$ in the coming month, and a 60% chance of no devaluation. To maintain the fixed exchange rate at HK$7.8/US$, what is the required interest rate differential between the HK$ and US$ (measured in annual %)?
The required interest rate differential between the HK$ and US$ is 8.7% (measured in annual %) to maintain the fixed exchange rate at HK$7.8/US$.
To maintain the fixed exchange rate at HK$7.8/US$, the required interest rate differential between the HK$ and US$ can be calculated using the formula for uncovered interest rate parity (UIP):
UIP = [(1 + iHK$) / (1 + iUS$)] x Et/Et+1 = 1
Where iHK$ is the interest rate on HK$, iUS$ is the interest rate on US$, Et is the exchange rate at time t, and Et+1 is the expected exchange rate at time t+1.
Solving for the required interest rate differential:
[(1 + iHK$) / (1 + iUS$)] x [(7.8 x 0.6) + (7.8 x 0.4 x 0.8)] / 7.8 = 1
[(1 + iHK$) / (1 + iUS$)] x 0.92 = 1
[(1 + iHK$) / (1 + iUS$)] = 1.087
iHK$ = (1.087 x (1 + iUS$)) - 1
Assuming that the interest rate on US$ is 0, the required interest rate differential between the HK$ and US$ is:
iHK$ = (1.087 x 1) - 1 = 0.087 = 8.7%
Therefore, the required interest rate differential between the HK$ and US$ is 8.7% (measured in annual %) to maintain the fixed exchange rate at HK$7.8/US$.
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Assignment Question(s): A. Discussion questions 1. How can a decision maker identify strategic factors in a corporation's external international environment? (2 marks) 2. Discuss the relationship between corporate governance and social responsibility? Give examples. (2 marks) B. Critical thinking Review the figure 4-3, p.110 from your textbook and answer the following questions: 1. Choose any example of industry from the real national or international market, and detail Porters' five forces framework with a graphic representation. (2.5 marks) 2. According to Porter's framework, what determines the level of competitive intensity in your chosen industry? (1.5 marks) 3. Assess the threat of new entrants, and substitute products/services for your chosen industry. (1 mark) 4. Is your chosen industry attractive for investment? Why or why not? (1 mark)
1. A decision maker can identify strategic factors in a corporation's external international environment by conducting a PESTEL analysis. This analysis examines the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors that can impact a corporation's operations and profitability. 2. Corporate governance refers to the set of rules, policies, and practices that dictate how a corporation is managed and corporation's obligation to consider the impact of its actions on society and the environment.
By assessing these factors, a decision maker can identify potential risks and opportunities in the external international environment and make informed decisions about the corporation's strategy.
2. Corporate governance refers to the set of rules, policies, and practices that dictate how a corporation is managed and controlled. Social responsibility, on the other hand, refers to a corporation's obligation to consider the impact of its actions on society and the environment. There is a strong relationship between corporate governance and social responsibility because both are concerned with ensuring that a corporation operates ethically and responsibly.
B. Critical thinking
1. An example of an industry from the real national or international market is the fast food industry. Porter's five forces framework for this industry can be represented graphically as follows:
[Insert graphic representation of Porter's five forces framework for the fast food industry]
2. According to Porter's framework, the level of competitive intensity in the fast food industry is determined by the bargaining power of suppliers, the bargaining power of buyers, the threat of new entrants, the threat of substitute products/services, and the intensity of rivalry among existing competitors.
3. The threat of new entrants in the fast food industry is relatively low because of the high barriers to entry, such as the need for significant capital investment and the established brand recognition of existing firms.
4. The fast food industry may be attractive for investment because of its relatively low barriers to entry and the potential for high profit margins.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
Consider the following situation: Olipop sends an email to its internal sales staff and account managers. Due to the success of the Olipop products, the email encourages sales employees to renegotiate pricing with their grocery retail partners before the new year when healthy eating trends are expected to increase. Leadership instructs sales staff to maintain a 10% return while negotiating. Which one pricing orientation is the company engaging in?Profit-orientedSales-orientedCompetitor-orientedCustomer-oriented
The pricing orientation that Olipop is engaging in is Profit-oriented.
This is because the company is focused on maintaining a 10% return while negotiating with their grocery retail partners. This shows that the company's primary goal is to maximize profits, rather than focusing on sales volume, competition, or customer satisfaction.
In a Profit-oriented pricing strategy, companies set prices with the goal of achieving a certain level of profit. This can be done by setting a specific profit margin, target return on investment, or a target return on sales.
In this case, Olipop is setting a target return of 10% while renegotiating pricing with their retail partners.
This indicates that the company's main focus is on maximizing profits, rather than other factors such as sales volume, competition, or customer satisfaction.
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