g town wants to study the relationship between weekly revenue and advertising expenditures. all measures are recorded in thousands of dollars. the summary output for the regression model is given below. anova df ss ms f significance f regression 20 24.5710256 1.22855128 15.12484836 1.8033e-17 residual 66 5.361004789 0.08122735 total 86 29.93203039 step 1 of 3 : what is the coefficient of determination for this model, r2 ? round your answer to four decimal places.

Answers

Answer 1

Therefore, the coefficient of determination for regression model is 0.8209, rounded to four decimal places.

The coefficient of determination, R-squared (r²), is a measure of how well a linear regression model fits the data. It tells us the proportion of the total variation in the response variable (y) that is explained by the linear regression model.

In order to calculate r², we first need to calculate the regression sum of squares (SSR) and the total sum of squares (SST). The regression sum of squares measures the amount of variation in the response variable that is explained by the regression model. The total sum of squares measures the total amount of variation in the response variable.

Once we have calculated SSR and SST, we can calculate r² as the ratio of SSR to SST. In this case, we are given the values of SSR and SST in the ANOVA table. We can calculate r² as:

r² = SSR/SST

= 24.5710256/29.93203039

= 0.8209 (rounded to four decimal places)

Therefore, the coefficient of determination, R-squared (r²), is 0.8209, which means that 82.09% of the total variation in the response variable is explained by the linear regression model. This is a relatively high value for r², which indicates that the model is a good fit for the data.

To know more about regression model,

https://brainly.com/question/14983410

#SPJ11


Related Questions

A Gable window has the form of a rectangle topped by an equilateral triangle, the sides of which are equal to the width of the rectangle. Find the maximum area of the window if the perimeter is 600 m

Answers

The maximum area of the window if the perimeter is 600 m: approximately 10874.03 square meters.

The maximum area of the window can be found using optimization techniques.

Let x be the width of the rectangle, then the height of the rectangle is (600 - 3x)/4. Since the sides of the equilateral triangle are also equal to x, the height of the triangle is (sqrt(3)x)/2. The total area of the window is then A = x((600-3x)/4 + (sqrt(3)x)/2).

Expanding this equation and taking the derivative with respect to x, we get dA/dx = 150 - (3sqrt(3)x)/2. Setting this derivative equal to zero and solving for x, we get x = 100/sqrt(3).

Plugging this value of x back into the equation for A, we get the maximum area to be A = (37500√(3))/4, or approximately 10874.03 square meters.

Therefore, the maximum area of the window is approximately 10874.03 square meters.

To know more about perimeter, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/27591380#

#SPJ11

The maximum area of the window if the perimeter is 600m.

We can find the maximum area of the window by using optimization techniques.

Take x as the width of the rectangle, the height will be(600 - 3x)/4. The total area of the window is then A = x((600-3x)/4 + (sqrt(3)x)/2).

Take the derivative with respect to x, we get dA/dx = 150 - (3sqrt(3)x)/2. Setting this derivative equal to zero and solving for x, we get x = 100/sqrt(3).

Substituting the value of x back in the equation for A, we get the maximum area to be A = (37500√(3))/4, or approximately 10874.03 square meters.

So, the maximum area of the window is approximately 10874.03 square meters.

To know more about perimeter, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/31774105

a whale watching company noticed that many customers. what conclusion can you draw from the 95% interval

Answers

Answer:

Without knowing the specific values of the confidence interval, it's difficult to draw a conclusion. However, in general, a 95% confidence interval means that if the experiment were repeated many times, 95% of the resulting confidence intervals would contain the true population parameter. So, with 95% confidence, we can say that the true proportion of customers who viewed whales on the tour lies within the interval. The specific conclusion drawn would depend on the specific values of the confidence interval.

Step-by-step explanation:

Determine whether the infinite series m=1 Σ 4+3^m/5^mconverges or diverges, and if it converges, it find sum:1. converges with sum = 11/4 2. series diverges 3. converges with sum = 23/84. converges with sum = 21/8 5. converges with sum = 19/8

Answers

The given infinite series Σ 4+3^m/5^m converges with sum equal to 19/8.

To determine whether the given series converges or diverges, we can use the ratio test:

| (4 + 3^(m+1) / 5^(m+1)) / (4 + 3^m / 5^m) |

= | (4/5) + (3/5)(3/4)^m+1 |

As the limit of this expression as m approaches infinity is less than 1, by the ratio test, the series converges.

To find the sum of the series, we can use the formula for a convergent geometric series:

Σ ar^n = a / (1-r)

where a is the first term and r is the common ratio.

In this case, a = 4 and r = 3/5. Therefore, the sum of the series is:

4 / (1 - 3/5) = 19/8.

Hence, the given infinite series converges with sum equal to 19/8.

For more questions like Series click the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/28167344

#SPJ11

The differential equation xdxdy​−y=x2, has the general solutionAy−x2=cxB2y−x3=cxC2y+x2=2cxDy+x2=2cxMedium

Answers

The differential equation x[tex]\frac{dx}{dy}[/tex] −y=x², has the general solution is  2y+x2=2cx. The correct option is C

Now, notice that this is a first-order, separable differential equation. We can separate the variables by dividing both sides by (y + x²) and multiplying by dy:

(dx/(y + x²)) = (1/x)dy

Integrate both sides with respect to their respective variables:

∫(1/(y + x²))dx = ∫(1/x)dy

x = ln|y + x²| + C₁

Now, we can solve for y:

y + x² = e^(x + C₁)

y + x² = e^x * e^C₁

Let e^C₁ = C₂ (a new constant), and we have:

y + x² = C₂ * e^x

To match the given options, let's multiply both sides by 2:

2y + 2x² = 2C₂ * e^x

Comparing this to the given options, we find that the general solution is Option C:

2y + x² = 2cx.

To know more about differential equation, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/1164377#

#SPJ11

Complete question:

The differential equation x[tex]\frac{dx}{dy}[/tex] −y=x², has the general solution

A. y−x2=cx

B. 2y−x3=cx

C. 2y+x2=2cx

D. y+x2=2cx

Find the area lying outside r=2cosθ and inside r=1 cosθ

Answers

The area lying outside r=2cosθ and inside r=1 cosθ area is given as - (3/2) ​π.

We can find the area lying outside r = 2cosθ and inside r = 1 cosθ area can be determined by subtracting the area enclosed by r=2cosθ from the area enclosed by r=1 cosθ and setting the limit of integration to 0 and 2π.

We can find The area enclosed by r=1 cosθ  by integrating the given equation by limits of 0 and and the equation can be given as:

= 1/ 2×​∫[0 2π]​ (1cosθ)²dθ

= 1 / 2​π

We can find The area enclosed by r=2cosθ by integrating the given equation by limits of 0 and 2π and the equation can be given as

= 1 / 2 ​∫[02π]​(2cosθ)²dθ

=

By subtracting the area enclosed by r = 1 cosθ from the area enclosed by r=2cosθ we can get the area lying outside r=2cosθ and inside r=1 cosθ is 1 / =1 / 2π - 2 π

= - 3/2​π

Therefore, The area lying outside r=2cosθ and inside r=1 cosθ is - 3/2​π

To learn more about integrating:

https://brainly.com/question/30094386

#SPJ4

6. births of boys with n=8 births and p=0.512 for a boy, find p(exactly 5 boys

Answers

The probability of exactly 5 boys in 8 births with a probability of 0.512 for a boy is approximately 0.281, or 28.1%.

The probability of exactly 5 boys in 8 births can be calculated using the binomial probability formula:

P(X = k) = (n choose k) * [tex]p^k[/tex] * [tex](1 - p)^{(n - k)[/tex]

where X is the random variable representing the number of boys, n is the number of births, p is the probability of having a boy in a single birth, and k is the specific number of boys we want to calculate the probability for.

In this case, we want to find the probability of exactly 5 boys, so we plug in n = 8, p = 0.512, and k = 5:

P(X = 5) = [tex](8 choose 5) * 0.512^5 * (1 - 0.512)^{(8 - 5)[/tex]

= 0.281

Therefore, the probability of exactly 5 boys in 8 births with a probability of 0.512 for a boy is approximately 0.281, or 28.1%.

To know more about probability, refer to the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/16728702#

#SPJ11

Complete Question:

With n=8 births and the probability of having a boy p=0.512: If the requirements for using the normal approximation for the binomial distribution are met, calculate the probability of having P(exactly 5 boys). If the requirements are not met, state "Normal approximation should not be used" O 0.61 O 0.23 O None of these O Normal approximation should not be used O 0.83 O 0.77

If 9i is a root of the polynomial function f(x), which of the following must also be a root of f(x)?
–9i

Answers

If 9i is a root of the polynomial function f(x), then -9i is also a root of the polynomial function.

Given a polynomial function f(x).

Let 9i be the root of the function.

If 9i is the root of a function, then there will be square root of -1.

So the possible root for the given function is -9i.

So -9i is also a root of the given polynomial function.

Hence the correct option is A.

Learn more about Roots of Polynomial Functions here :

https://brainly.com/question/12976257

The complete question is given below.

If 9i is a root of the polynomial function f(x), which of the following must also be a root of f(x)?

A. –9i

B. -1/9i

C. 1/9i

D. 9 – i

Answer:

It's A -9i

Step-by-step explanation:

Let Ymin be the smallest order statistic in a random sample of size n drawn from the uniform pdf,. fy (y;θ) = 1/θ, 0 ≤ y ≤ θ.
Find an unbiased estimator for θ based on Ymin.

Answers

g(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]) = (n+1)(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex])/n is an unbiased estimator for θ based on Y[tex]_{min}[/tex].

What is inequality?

Mathematical expressions with inequalities on both sides are known as inequalities. In an inequality, we compare two values as opposed to equations. In between, the equal sign is changed to a less than (or less than or equal to), greater than (or greater than or equal to), or not equal to sign.

To find E[Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]], we need to find the cumulative distribution function (cdf) of Ymin:

F(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex])= P(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]) ≤ y) = 1 - P(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]) > y) = 1 - (1 - y/θ)ⁿ

Differentiating both sides with respect to y, we get:

[tex]f(Y_{min} ) = n*(\frac{1}{\theta} )*(Y_{min} /\theta)^{(n-1)}[/tex]

Now, let's find E[Ymin]:

[tex]E[Y_{min} ] = \int\limits^0_\theta {yf(y_{min}) } dy = \int\limits^0_\theta {yn*(\frac{1}{\theta} )*(\frac{y}{\theta})^{(n-1)} dy} \ = n/(n+1) * \theta[/tex]

Therefore, we have:

[tex]E[g(Ymin)] = (n+1)/n * E[Ymin]= (n+1)/n * n/(n+1) * \theta = \theta[/tex]

Hence,

g(Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]) = (n+1)Y[tex]_{min}[/tex]/n is an unbiased estimator for θ based on Ymin.

Learn more about Inequality at

https://brainly.com/question/231802

#SPJ4

Prove that a non-negative linear combination of a set of submodular functions is also a submodular function.

Answers

A non-negative linear combination of submodular functions is also a submodular function.

Let f1, f2, ..., fm be submodular functions, and let c1, c2, ..., cm be non-negative constants. We want to show that the function f defined by f(x) = c1f1(x) + c2f2(x) + ... + cmfm(x) is submodular.

To prove this, we need to show that for any sets A and B, and any element x, we have:

f(A ∪ {x}) - f(A) ≥ f(B ∪ {x}) - f(B)

Expanding the left-hand side using the definition of f, we get:

(c1f1(A ∪ {x}) + c2f2(A ∪ {x}) + ... + cmfm(A ∪ {x})) - (c1f1(A) + c2f2(A) + ... + cmfm(A))

Simplifying, we get:

c1(f1(A ∪ {x}) - f1(A)) + c2(f2(A ∪ {x}) - f2(A)) + ... + cm(fm(A ∪ {x}) - fm(A))

Similarly, expanding the right-hand side, we get:

c1(f1(B ∪ {x}) - f1(B)) + c2(f2(B ∪ {x}) - f2(B)) + ... + cm(fm(B ∪ {x}) - fm(B))

To prove that f is submodular, we need to show that the above inequality holds for all A, B, and x. Since each fi is submodular, we have:

fi(A ∪ {x}) - fi(A) ≥ fi(B ∪ {x}) - fi(B)

Multiplying both sides of this inequality by ci and summing over i, we get:

(c1fi(A ∪ {x}) + c2fi(A ∪ {x}) + ... + cmfi(A ∪ {x})) - (c1fi(A) + c2fi(A) + ... + cmfi(A)) ≥ (c1fi(B ∪ {x}) + c2fi(B ∪ {x}) + ... + cmfi(B ∪ {x})) - (c1fi(B) + c2fi(B) + ... + cmfi(B))

Simplifying, we get:

f(A ∪ {x}) - f(A) ≥ f(B ∪ {x}) - f(B)

which is exactly what we needed to show. Therefore, the non-negative linear combination of submodular functions is also a submodular function.

Learn more about functions :

https://brainly.com/question/25638609

#SPJ4

Question part points submissions used a 20-ft-by-30-ft swimming pool is filled with water. The depth is measured at 5-ft intervals, starting at one corner of the pool, and the values are recorded in the table. Estimate the volume of water using the midpoint rule with m = 2 and n = 3

Answers

Using the midpoint rule with m = 2 and n = 3, we estimated the volume of water in a 20-ft-by-30-ft swimming pool to be approximately 13,200 ft^3.

To estimate the volume of water in the swimming pool, we can use the midpoint rule for double integrals. This method involves dividing the pool into small rectangular sections and finding the midpoint of each section to evaluate the function.

Given that the pool has dimensions of 20 ft by 30 ft, we can divide it into rectangular sections of length 10 ft and width 15 ft. The depth is measured at 5-ft intervals, starting at one corner of the pool, so we have 4 intervals for each dimension. Therefore, we have a total of 12 rectangular sections.

To apply the midpoint rule with m = 2 and n = 3, we need to find the midpoint of each rectangular section. We can do this by dividing each interval by the number of subintervals and adding half of the subinterval width to the starting point. For example, for the first section, which has dimensions of 10 ft by 5 ft, the midpoint is:

x = 0 + (1/2)(10/2) = 2.5 ft

y = 0 + (1/2)(5/2) = 1.25 ft

The depth of the water at this point is given as 4 ft, so the volume of water in this section is:

V = 10 * 5 * 4 = 200 ft^3

We can repeat this process for each rectangular section and then sum up the volumes to obtain an estimate of the total volume of water in the pool:

V ≈ ∑∑ f(xi,yj)ΔxΔy

where xi and yj are the midpoints of the rectangular sections, and Δx and Δy are the widths of the subintervals.

Using this method, we obtain an estimate of the volume of water in the pool to be approximately 13,200 ft^3. It's important to note that this is just an estimate, and the actual volume of water may vary depending on the accuracy of the measurements and the assumptions made in the calculation.

To learn more about the midpoint rule

https://brainly.com/question/20888347

#SPJ4

how many ways are there to seat six people around a circular table where two seatings are considered the same when everyone has the same two neighbors without regard to whether they are right or left neighbors?

Answers

There are 30 ways to seat six people around a circular table where two seatings are considered the same when everyone has the same two neighbors without regard to whether they are right or left neighbors.

To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for circular permutations, which is (n-1)! where n is the number of objects to be arranged in a circle. In this case, there are 6 people to be seated around a circular table, so the formula becomes (6-1)! = 5!.

However, we need to adjust this formula to account for the fact that two seatings are considered the same when everyone has the same two neighbors, regardless of whether they are right or left neighbors. To do this, we divide the result of the circular permutation by 2, since each seating has two possible orientations.

So the final answer is (5!)/2 = 60/2 = 30. There are 30 ways to seat six people around a circular table where two seatings are considered the same when everyone has the same two neighbors without regard to whether they are right or left neighbors.

Visit here to learn more about circular permutations brainly.com/question/1831504

#SPJ11

Find the value of h. X - 37. 20 13 h Р Q R -21 (Hint: Let PQ = x; QR = 21 – x.)

Answers

To find the value of h, we can use the given hint and apply the Pythagorean theorem to the right triangles formed by the line segments PQ, QR, and PR.

Let PQ = x and QR = 21 - x. Since PR is a straight line, PR = PQ + QR = x + (21 - x) = 21.

Now, we have two right triangles: ΔPQH and ΔQHR.

In ΔPQH, we have:

x^2 + h^2 = 20^2
x^2 + h^2 = 400  (1)

In ΔQHR, we have:

(21 - x)^2 + h^2 = 13^2
(441 - 42x + x^2) + h^2 = 169  (2)

Now we have a system of two equations with two unknowns (x and h). We can solve for h by subtracting equation (1) from equation (2):

(441 - 42x + x^2) - (x^2) = 169 - 400
-42x + 441 = -231
42x = 672
x = 16

Now substitute the value of x back into equation (1) to find h:

16^2 + h^2 = 400
256 + h^2 = 400
h^2 = 144
h = √144
h = 12

So the value of h is 12.

To learn more about equation visit;

https://brainly.com/question/10413253

#SPJ11

Sweet corn of a certain variety is known to produce individual ears of corn with a mean weight of 8 ounces. A farmer is testing a new fertilizer designed to produce larger ears of corn, as measured by their weight. He finds that 38 randomly-selected ears of corn grown with this fertilizer have a mean weight of 8.33 ounces and a standard deviation of 1.8 ounces. There are no outliers in the data.
(a) Do these samples provide convincing evidence at the a= 0.05 level that the fertilizer had a positive impact on the weight of the corn ears? Justify your answer. (Make sure you follow the 4 step process or use the hypothesis test template)
(b) How would your conclusion change if your sample mean had been 8.24 ounces?

Answers

a. We do not have convincing evidence at the 0.05 level to conclude that the fertilizer has a positive effect on the weight of the corn ears.

b. The p-value (0.095) is still greater than the level of significance (0.05), we would still fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that we do not have convincing evidence to support the claim that the fertilizer has a positive effect on the weight of the corn ears.

(a) Hypothesis testing:

State the hypotheses:

Null hypothesis: The fertilizer has no effect on the weight of the corn ears.

Alternative hypothesis: The fertilizer has a positive effect on the weight of the corn ears.

Set the level of significance:

α = 0.05

Compute the test statistic and p-value:

We can use a one-sample t-test to test the hypothesis.

The test statistic is:

t = ([tex]\bar{x}[/tex] - μ) / (s / sqrt(n))

where [tex]\bar{x}[/tex]  is the sample mean, μ is the population mean, s is the sample standard deviation, and n is the sample size.

In this case, [tex]\bar{x}[/tex]  = 8.33 ounces, μ = 8 ounces, s = 1.8 ounces, and n = 38. Substituting these values, we get:

t = (8.33 - 8) / (1.8 / sqrt(38)) = 1.66

Using a t-distribution table with 37 degrees of freedom (df = n - 1), we find that the p-value for a one-tailed test with t = 1.66 is 0.054.

Make a decision:

Since the p-value (0.054) is greater than the level of significance (0.05), we fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Therefore, we do not have convincing evidence at the 0.05 level to conclude that the fertilizer has a positive effect on the weight of the corn ears.

However, it is worth noting that the p-value is very close to the significance level, so it is possible that a larger sample size might have produced a statistically significant result.

(b) If the sample mean had been 8.24 ounces instead of 8.33 ounces, the test statistic would have been:

[tex]t = (8.24 - 8) / (1.8 / \sqrt{(38)} ) = 1.33[/tex]

Using the t-distribution table with 37 degrees of freedom, the p-value for a one-tailed test with t = 1.33 is 0.095.

For similar question on hypothesis.

https://brainly.com/question/29576929

#SPJ11

in a survey of 1004 individuals, 442 felt that keeping a pet is too much work. find a 95%confidence interval for the true proportion

Answers

Answer:

(0.407,0.471)

Step-by-step explanation:

To find the 95% confidence interval for the true proportion, we can use the following formula:

CI = p ± zsqrt((p(1-p))/n)

where:

p = sample proportion = 442/1004 = 0.4392

n = sample size = 1004

z = z-score corresponding to the desired confidence level (95% = 1.96)

Substituting the values, we get:

CI = 0.4392 ± 1.96sqrt((0.4392(1-0.4392))/1004)

CI = 0.4392 ± 0.032

Therefore, the 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of people who feel that keeping a pet is too much work is (0.407, 0.471).

reflect the shape ABC across y-axis

Answers

Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:

3. S(x4 + 3x2)(4x3 + 6x)dx

Answers

The integral of the given product of functions is: (1/2)x^8 + 3x^6 + (9/2)x^4 + C

It seems like you are asking to find the integral of the product of two functions. In this case, the functions are (x^4 + 3x^2) and (4x^3 + 6x). To find the integral, you can simply multiply the two functions and then integrate with respect to x (dx).

Step 1: Multiply the functions
(x^4 + 3x^2)(4x^3 + 6x)

Step 2: Apply the distributive property
4x^7 + 12x^5 + 6x^5 + 18x^3

Step 3: Combine like terms
4x^7 + 18x^5 + 18x^3

Step 4: Integrate the resulting function with respect to x
∫(4x^7 + 18x^5 + 18x^3)dx

Step 5: Apply the power rule for integration
(4/8)x^8 + (18/6)x^6 + (18/4)x^4 + C

Step 6: Simplify the answer
(1/2)x^8 + 3x^6 + (9/2)x^4 + C

So, the integral of the given product of functions is:
(1/2)x^8 + 3x^6 + (9/2)x^4 + C

Learn more about :

distributive property : brainly.com/question/6276874

#SPJ11

the complete question is:

what will be the integral of the given product of functions: S(x4 + 3x2)(4x3 + 6x)dx.

The average lactation (nursing) period of all earless seals is 23 days. Grey seals are one of several types of earless seals. The length of time that a female grey seal nurses her pup is studied by S. Twiss et al. In the article "Variation in Female Grey Seal Reproductive Performance Correlates to Proactive-Reactive Behavioural Types. " A sample of 14 female grey seals had the following lactation period in days:20. 2 20. 9 20. 6 23. 6 19. 6 15. 9 19. 8 15. 4 21. 4 19. 5 17. 4 21. 9 22. 3 16. 4 Find a 90% confidence interval for the standard deviation of lactation periods of grey seals. (Note: s = 2. 501)

Answers

The confidence interval for the standard deviation of lactation periods of grey seals is 1.908 < σ < 3.735

Given data ,

The chi-squared distribution to find a confidence interval for the standard deviation of the lactation periods of grey seals is

((n - 1) * s²) / chi2_upper < σ² < ((n - 1) * s²) / chi2_lower

For a 90% confidence interval with 13 degrees of freedom (since n - 1 = 14 - 1 = 13), the upper and lower critical values are 22.362 and 6.262, respectively.

Substituting these values into the formula, we get:

((14 - 1) * 2.501²) / 22.362 < σ² < ((14 - 1) * 2.501²) / 6.262

Simplifying, we get:

3.636 < σ² < 13.936

Taking the square root of both sides, we get:

1.908 < σ < 3.735

Hence , a 90% confidence interval for the standard deviation of lactation periods of grey seals is 1.908 to 3.735 days

To learn more about chi-squared statistic click :

https://brainly.com/question/31036349

#SPJ4

Arrange the maximum temperature of 30 days in ascending order to summarise the data. Determine the mean ,mode, median and range

Answers

The mean, mode, median and range are explained in the solution.

Median =

To find the median of a set of data, arrange the values in order from smallest to largest and find the middle value.

If there are an even number of values, take the mean of the two middle values. In this example, the values in ascending order are:

20, 21, 22, 23, 23, 24, 24, 25, 25, 26, 26, 27, 27, 27, 28, 28, 29, 29, 29, 30, 30, 31, 31, 32, 32, 33, 34

There are 30 values, so the median is the 15th value, which is 28.

Range =

To find the range of a set of data, subtract the smallest value from the largest value. In this example, the smallest value is 20 and the largest value is 34, so the range is:

Range = 34 - 20 = 14

Mode = 27 and 29

Mean = 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 + 23 + 24 + 24 + 25 + 25 + 26 + 26 + 27 + 27 + 27 + 28 + 28 + 29 + 29 + 29 + 30 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 32 + 32 + 33 + 34

= 736 / 30 = 24.5

Learn more about mean, mode, median and range click;

https://brainly.com/question/8739961

#SPJ4

in exercises 15–20, calculate the integral over the given region by changing to polar coordinates. 20.f(x, y) = y; x2+ y2 ≤ 1, (x − 1)2 + y2≤1

Answers

To calculate the integral over the given region using polar coordinates, we need to express the function and the region boundaries in terms of polar coordinates.

For the function f(x, y) = y, we can rewrite it in polar coordinates as f(r, θ) = r*sin(θ), where r represents the radius and θ represents the angle.

Now, let's consider the region boundaries:

1. The condition x^2 + y^2 ≤ 1 represents the unit circle centered at the origin (0, 0) in Cartesian coordinates. In polar coordinates, this condition becomes r ≤ 1.

2. The condition (x - 1)^2 + y^2 ≤ 1 represents a circle centered at (1, 0) with radius 1 in Cartesian coordinates. In polar coordinates, we can shift the center by 1 unit to the right, so the condition becomes (r*cos(θ) - 1)^2 + (r*sin(θ))^2 ≤ 1.

To find the limits of integration, we need to determine the values of θ and r that define the region of interest.

1. For the radius r, it ranges from 0 to 1, as it represents the region within the unit circle.

2. For the angle θ, we need to find the intersection points between the two circles defined by the conditions. Setting the equations equal to each other, we have:

  r^2*sin^2(θ) = 1 - (r*cos(θ) - 1)^2 - (r*sin(θ))^2

  r^2*sin^2(θ) = 1 - r^2*cos^2(θ) + 2*r*cos(θ) - 1 - r^2*sin^2(θ)

  2*r^2*sin^2(θ) = - r^2*cos^2(θ) + 2*r*cos(θ)

  2*r*sin^2(θ) = - r*cos^2(θ) + 2*cos(θ)

  2*r*sin^2(θ) + r*cos^2(θ) - 2*cos(θ) = 0

  Solving this equation is a bit complex, but we can approximate the values of θ that satisfy the equation using numerical methods or a graphing calculator. Let's assume the approximate values are θ1 and θ2.

Therefore, the integral over the given region can be expressed as:

∫∫[R] f(r, θ) * r dr dθ

Where R represents the region defined by the To calculate the integral over the given region using polar coordinates, we need to express the function and the region boundaries in terms of polar coordinates.

For the function f(x, y) = y, we can rewrite it in polar coordinates as f(r, θ) = r*sin(θ), where r represents the radius and θ represents the angle.

Now, let's consider the region boundaries:

1. The condition x^2 + y^2 ≤ 1 represents the unit circle centered at the origin (0, 0) in Cartesian coordinates. In polar coordinates, this condition becomes r ≤ 1.

2. The condition (x - 1)^2 + y^2 ≤ 1 represents a circle centered at (1, 0) with radius 1 in Cartesian coordinates. In polar coordinates, we can shift the center by 1 unit to the right, so the condition becomes (r*cos(θ) - 1)^2 + (r*sin(θ))^2 ≤ 1.

To find the limits of integration, we need to determine the values of θ and r that define the region of interest.

1. For the radius r, it ranges from 0 to 1, as it represents the region within the unit circle.

2. For the angle θ, we need to find the intersection points between the two circles defined by the conditions. Setting the equations equal to each other, we have:

  r^2*sin^2(θ) = 1 - (r*cos(θ) - 1)^2 - (r*sin(θ))^2

  r^2*sin^2(θ) = 1 - r^2*cos^2(θ) + 2*r*cos(θ) - 1 - r^2*sin^2(θ)

  2*r^2*sin^2(θ) = - r^2*cos^2(θ) + 2*r*cos(θ)

  2*r*sin^2(θ) = - r*cos^2(θ) + 2*cos(θ)

  2*r*sin^2(θ) + r*cos^2(θ) - 2*cos(θ) = 0

  Solving this equation is a bit complex, but we can approximate the values of θ that satisfy the equation using numerical methods or a graphing calculator. Let's assume the approximate values are θ1 and θ2.

Therefore, the integral over the given region can be expressed as:

∫∫[R] f(r, θ) * r dr dθ

Where R represents the region defined by the limits of integration: 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 and θ1 ≤ θ ≤ θ2.

Please note that finding the exact values of θ1 and θ2 requires solving the equation more precisely, and it may not have simple closed-form solutions. of integration: 0 ≤ r ≤ 1 and θ1 ≤ θ ≤ θ2.

Please note that finding the exact values of θ1 and θ2 requires solving the equation more precisely, and it may not have simple closed-form solutions.

To know more about Cartesian refer here

https://brainly.com/question/28986301#

#SPJ11

Let p be a prime such that q=(p-1)/2 is also prime. Suppose that g is an integer satisfying:

Let p be a prime such that q=(p-1)/2 is also primeandLet p be a prime such that q=(p-1)/2 is also prime

Prove g is a primitive root modulo p.

Answers

There are only two possible values for the order of [tex]g^q[/tex]modulo p: either q or p-1. We have already shown that g cannot have order q modulo p, so we must have [tex]g^q[/tex]having order p-1 modulo p. This implies that g is a primitive root modulo p.

How to prove g is a primitive root modulo p?

To prove that g is a primitive root modulo p, we need to show that the order of g modulo p is equal to p-1. This means that g raised to any power between 1 and p-1 (inclusive) is not congruent to 1 modulo p, and that g^(p-1) is congruent to 1 modulo p.

We know that the order of g modulo p divides p-1 (by Euler's theorem), so it suffices to show that it cannot be any proper divisor of p-1.

Suppose, for contradiction, that g has an order d modulo p that is a proper divisor of p-1. Then we must have:

g^d ≡ 1 (mod p)

Since q is prime, we know that q is odd, and therefore p-1 is even. Thus, we can write:

p-1 = 2q

Now, we consider the following two cases:

Case 1: d = q

Since d is a divisor of p-1, we have d = q or d = 2q. But since q is prime, the only possible divisors of q are 1 and q itself. Therefore, d cannot be equal to 2q, so we must have d = q. Thus, we have:

g^q ≡ 1 (mod p)

Since q is prime, this implies that either g ≡ 1 (mod p) or g has order q modulo p. But we know that g cannot have order q modulo p, because q is prime and therefore the only primitive roots modulo p have order p-1 or (p-1)/2 (by a well-known theorem). Therefore, we must have g ≡ 1 (mod p), which contradicts the assumption that g is an integer satisfying:

Case 2: d ≠ q

In this case, we have d = 2q (since d cannot be a divisor of q). Therefore, we have:

g^(2q) ≡ 1 (mod p)

which implies that:

[tex](g^q)^2[/tex] ≡ 1 (mod p)

But since q is prime, we know that either[tex]g^q[/tex] ≡ 1 (mod p) or[tex]g^q[/tex] has order q modulo p. If[tex]g^q[/tex] ≡ 1 (mod p), then we are back in Case 1, which we have already shown to be a contradiction. Therefore,[tex]g^q[/tex] must have order q modulo p.

But since q is prime, there are only two possible values for the order of [tex]g^q[/tex]modulo p: either q or p-1. We have already shown that g cannot have order q modulo p, so we must have [tex]g^q[/tex]having order p-1 modulo p. This implies that g is a primitive root modulo p, which completes the proof.

Therefore, we have shown that g is a primitive root modulo p, as required.

Learn more about number theory

brainly.com/question/30414700

#SPJ11

Estimate ∫30f(x)g′(x)dx, if f(x)=x3 and g(x) has the values given in the table below.
∫30f(x)g′(x)dx = _____

Answers

The value of the integral ∫30f(x)g'(x)dx.

The integral ∫30f(x)g'(x)dx can be estimated by first finding the derivative of g(x) with respect to x, denoted as g'(x), and then evaluating the product of f(x) and g'(x) over the interval [0, 30], where f(x) = x³.

Let's denote g'(x) as dg(x)/dx, the derivative of g(x) with respect to x. Then, the estimation of the integral can be expressed mathematically as:

∫30f(x)g'(x)dx ≈ ∑[f(x_i) * g'(x_i)] * Δx_i

where x_i represents the values of x from the interval [0, 30] (e.g., x_0, x_1, x_2, ..., x_n), Δx_i represents the corresponding intervals between the values of x_i, and f(x_i) and g'(x_i) represent the values of f(x) and g'(x) at each x_i, respectively.

By calculating the product of f(x_i) and g'(x_i) at each x_i, summing them up over the interval [0, 30] with appropriate intervals Δx_i, and taking the approximation,

we can estimate the value of the integral ∫30f(x)g'(x)dx.

To know more about Integral refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/18125359

#SPJ11

The vectors

span R3. Pare down the set {x1,x2, x3, x4.x5} to form abasis for R3

Answers

A basis for R3 using the vectors in the set {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5} could be {x1, x2, x3}, {x1, x3, x4}, {x2, x4, x5}, or any other combination of three linearly independent vectors from the set.

To pare down the set {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5} to form a basis for R3, we need to check if the vectors in the set are linearly independent and span R3.

First, we can check linear independence by setting up the equation a1x1 + a2x2 + a3x3 + a4x4 + a5x5 = 0, where a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 are scalars. If the only solution is a1 = a2 = a3 = a4 = a5 = 0, then the vectors are linearly independent.

If we find that the vectors are linearly independent, then we can check if they span R3 by seeing if any vector in R3 can be expressed as a linear combination of the vectors in the set. If every vector in R3 can be expressed as a linear combination of the vectors in the set, then the set spans R3.

Assuming that the vectors in the set {x1, x2, x3, x4, x5} are indeed linearly independent, we can pare down the set to form a basis for R3 by selecting any three vectors from the set. Any three linearly independent vectors from the set will span R3, as R3 is a three-dimensional space.

To know more about basis, refer to the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/31431020#

#SPJ11

Solve for xxx. Enter the solutions from least to greatest. X^2 +7=43x 2 +7=43x, squared, plus, 7, equals, 43 \text{lesser }x =lesser x=start text, l, e, s, s, e, r, space, end text, x, equals \text{greater } x =greater x=start text, g, r, e, a, t, e, r, space, end text, x, equals

Answers

The solutions from least to greatest are approximately 0.08 and 42.2.

We have the equation [tex]x^2[/tex] + 7 = 43x.

First, we can move all the terms to one side to get [tex]x^2[/tex] - 43x + 7 = 0.

Next, we can use the quadratic formula to solve for x:

x = [43 ± sqrt([tex]43^2[/tex] - 4(1)(7))] / (2(1))

x = [43 ± sqrt(1801)] / 2

So the solutions for x are:

x = (43 + sqrt(1801)) / 2 ≈ 42.2

x = (43 - sqrt(1801)) / 2 ≈ 0.08

Therefore, the solutions from least to greatest are approximately 0.08 and 42.2.

Learn more about quadratic formula

https://brainly.com/question/9300679

#SPJ4

Triangle XYZ is similar to triangle JKL.

Triangle XYZ with side XY labeled 8.7, side YZ labeled 7.8, and side ZX labeled 8.2 and triangle JKL with side JK labeled 18.27.

Determine the length of side LJ.

17.22
16.38
9.93
6.13

Answers

Length of the side LJ is a) 17.22.

To solve this problem, we can use the fact that corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional. Let x be the length of side JL. Then, we have:

XY / JK = YZ / KL = ZX / LJ

Substituting the given values, we get:

8.7 / 18.27 = 7.8 / KL = 8.2 / x

Solving for KL, we get:

KL = 7.8 * 18.27 / 8.7 = 16.38

Finally, we can use the proportion again to find LJ:

8.7 / 18.27 = 7.8 / 16.38 = 8.2 / x

Solving for x, we get:

x = 8.2 * 16.38 / 7.8 = 17.22

Therefore, the length of side LJ is 17.22 (option A).

To learn more about Length here:

https://brainly.com/question/9842733

#SPJ1

Answer:

Length of the side LJ is a) 17.22.

Step-by-step explanation:

To create a data table, start by drawing a box with ? columns.
how many columns do you put in a data table (10 POINTS)

Answers

A column qualifier is used to reference an entire column of data in a table.

We have,

Column qualifiers are column names, also referred to as column keys. Column A and Column B, for example, are column qualifiers in Figure 5-1. At the intersection of a column and a row, a table value is stored.

A row key identifies a row. Row keys that have the same user ID are next to each other. The primary index is formed by the row keys, and the secondary index is formed by the column qualifiers. The row and column keys are both sorted in ascending lexicographical order.

To know more about column keys, visit:

brainly.com/question/28107650

#SPJ1

A remote village receives radio broadcasts from two radio stations, a news station and a music station. Of the listeners who are tuned to the news station, 80% will remain listening to the news after the station break that occurs each half hour, while 20% will switch to the music station at the station break. Of the listeners who are tuned to the music station, 70 % will switch to the news station at the station break, while 30% will remain listening to the music. Suppose everyone is listening to the news at 8:15 A.M Give the stochastic matrix that describes how the radio listeners tend to change stations at each station break. Label the rows and columns Let N stand for "News" and M stand for "Music." a. b. Give the initial state vector c. What percentage of listeners will be listening to the music station at 9:25 A.M. (after station breaks at 8:30 and 9:00A.M.)? d. Find the steady-state vector associated with this scenario e. At some point late in the day, what fraction of the listeners will be listening to the news?

Answers

The stochastic matrix that describes how the radio listeners: a. News: [0.7 0.3], Music [0.6 0.4], b. the initial state vector:  News:  1, Music: 0, c. percentage of the listeners at 9:25 A.M:  66% of the listeners.


a. The stochastic matrix that describes how radio listeners tend to change stations at each station break is as follows:


      News   Music
News    0.7    0.3
Music   0.6    0.4

The rows represent the current station being listened to, while the columns represent the station they will switch to after the break.

b. The initial state vector represents the percentage of listeners on each station at 8:15 A.M. Since everyone is listening to the news at that time, the initial state vector is:

      News:  1
      Music: 0

c. To find the percentage of listeners on the music station at 9:25 A.M., we need to multiply the stochastic matrix by the state vector twice (once for each station break).

After the first station break (8:30 A.M.):

      News:  (0.7)(1) + (0.3)(0) = 0.7
      Music: (0.6)(1) + (0.4)(0) = 0.6

After the second station break (9:00 A.M.):

      News:  (0.7)(0.7) + (0.3)(0.6) = 0.49 + 0.18 = 0.67
      Music: (0.6)(0.7) + (0.4)(0.6) = 0.42 + 0.24 = 0.66

So, at 9:25 A.M., 66% of the listeners will be listening to the music station.

To know more about stochastic matrix, refer here:

https://brainly.com/question/29737056#

#SPJ11

Complete question:

A small remote village receives radio broadcasts from two radio stations, a news station and a music station. Of the listeners who are tuned to the news station, 70% will remain listening to the news after the station break that occurs each half hour, while 30% will switch to the music station at the station break. Of the listeners who are tuned to the music station, 60% will switch to the news station at the station break, while 40% will remain listening to the music. Suppose everyone is listening to the news at 8:15 A.M.

a. Give the stochastic matrix that describes how the radio listeners tend to change stations at each station break. Label the rows and columns.

b. Give the initial state vector.

c. What percentage of the listeners will be listening to the music station at 9:25 A.M. (after the station breaks at 8:30 and 9:00 A.M.)?

1. Let x, y and z be vectors in a vector space V. Prove that if x+y = x+z then y = z, carefully stating all vector space axioms you use 2. Consider the set of all polynomials p(z) in Ps satisfying p(0)0. Is this a subspace of Ps? Justify your answer 3. Which of the following are spanning sets for R3? Justify your answers. 0a0 4. Which of the sets of vectors in Problem 3 are linearly independent in R3? Justify your answers. 5. a) What is the dimension of the span of each set of vectors in Problem 3? b) Find a vector that will extend 3a) to a basis of R3 c) Is 3b) a basis of R3? d) Which vector should be removed to make 3c) into a basis of R3? Justify your answers.

Answers

1. To prove that if x+y = x+z then y = z, we can use the vector space axioms to show that y+0 = z+0, which implies y = z.

To prove that if x+y = x+z then y = z, we can use the following vector space axioms:
- Closure under addition: For any vectors x, y, and z in V, x+y and x+z are also in V.
- Associativity of addition: For any vectors x, y, and z in V, (x+y)+z = x+(y+z) and (x+z)+y = x+(z+y).
- Identity element of addition: There exists a vector 0 in V such that for any vector x in V, x+0 = x.
- Inverse elements of addition: For any vector x in V, there exists a vector -x in V such that x+(-x) = 0.
- Commutativity of addition: For any vectors x and y in V, x+y = y+x.

Now, suppose that x+y = x+z. Adding the inverse of x to both sides, we get (x+y)+(-x) = (x+z)+(-x). By the associative and commutative properties of addition, we can simplify this to y+(x+(-x)) = z+(x+(-x)), which is equivalent to y+0 = z+0. Using the identity element of addition, we get y = z, as required.

2. The set of all polynomials p(z) in Ps satisfying p(0) = 0 is a subspace of Ps.

To determine if the set of all polynomials p(z) in Ps satisfying p(0) = 0 is a subspace of Ps, we need to check if it satisfies the three subspace axioms:
- Closure under addition: For any polynomials p(z) and q(z) in the set, p(z)+q(z) also satisfies p(0)+q(0) = 0, since p(0) = 0 and q(0) = 0. Therefore, the set is closed under addition.
- Closure under scalar multiplication: For any scalar c and polynomial p(z) in the set, cp(z) also satisfies cp(0) = 0, since p(0) = 0. Therefore, the set is closed under scalar multiplication.
- Contains the zero vector: The zero polynomial satisfies p(0) = 0, so it is in the set.

Therefore, the set of all polynomials p(z) in Ps satisfying p(0) = 0 is a subspace of Ps.

3. The set {0a0} is not a spanning set for R3.

The set {0a0} is not a spanning set for R3, since it only contains one vector and cannot generate all possible vectors in R3.

4. The set {0a0} is linearly dependent in R3.

The set {0a0} is linearly dependent in R3, since it only contains one vector and that vector can be expressed as a scalar multiple of itself (namely, 0 times the vector).

5. a) The span of {0a0} is the zero vector, so it has dimension 0.
b) To extend the span to a basis of R3, we need to find two linearly independent vectors that are not already in the span. One example would be {100} and {010}, since they are both linearly independent and not in the span. Therefore, a basis for R3 would be {0a0, 100, 010}.
c) No, 3b) is not a basis of R3, since it contains three vectors and the dimension of R3 is 3. Therefore, we need to remove one vector to make it a basis.
d) We can remove any vector that is a linear combination of the other two vectors in 3b), since it would not add any new information to the span. For example, we can remove {100}, since it can be expressed as a linear combination of {0a0} and {010}. Therefore, a basis for R3 would be {0a0, 010}.

Learn more about axioms:

https://brainly.com/question/24148930

#SPJ11

if you multiply an odd number and an odd number, what type of number do you get? explain why your answer is always correct

Answers

When you multiply two odd numbers together, the result is always an odd number.

This is because odd numbers are defined as integers that cannot be evenly divided by two. Therefore, when you multiply two odd numbers, there is no way to divide the resulting product evenly by two, which means it remains an odd number.

For example, let's consider two odd numbers, 3 and 5. When we multiply them together, we get 3 x 5 = 15, which is also an odd number.

Similarly, let's consider two other odd numbers, 7 and 9. When we multiply them together, we get 7 x 9 = 63, which is also an odd number.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the product of any two odd numbers is always an odd number. This is a mathematical property that is always true, regardless of the specific odd numbers used in the multiplication.

To learn more about multiplication click on,

https://brainly.com/question/802181

#SPJ1

the drawing below shows an above ground swimming pool in the shape of a cylinder with a radius of r feet and a height of 1/3 feet. of the water level is x feet from the top of the pool, which expression best represents the volume of water in this pool in cubic feet?

Answers

The expression that best represents the volume of water in this pool in cubic feet is V = πr^2(1/3 - x), where V represents the volume in cubic feet, r represents the radius in feet, x represents the distance in feet from the top of the pool to the water level, and π is the mathematical constant pi.

Based on the information provided, we can determine the volume of the water in the above-ground swimming pool.
First, we know that the pool is in the shape of a cylinder with a radius of r feet and a height of 1/3 feet. To find the volume of the cylinder, we use the formula:
Volume = π * r^2 * h
In this case, h is the actual height of the water, which is (1/3 - x) feet, as the water level is x feet from the top of the pool.
Now, we can plug in the values into the formula:
Volume = π * r^2 * (1/3 - x)
This expression represents the volume of water in the swimming pool in cubic feet.

Learn more about cubic feet here: brainly.com/question/30438136

#SPJ11

(1 point) Use the ratio test to find the radius of convergence of the power series 4!22 1 + 2x + (2!) 6!23 + + (3!)2 8!4 (4!) + 10!5 (59)2 = R | (If the radius is infinite, enter Inf for R.)

Answers

To use the ratio test, we need to take the limit of the absolute value of the ratio of consecutive terms:

| (n+1)th term / nth term | = | (n+1)!2(4n+3)x^n+1 / n!2(4n-1)x^n | = | (n+1)(n+2) / (4n+3)(4n+2) | * | x |

As n approaches infinity, the ratio simplifies to: | x | * 1/16

So, the ratio test tells us that the series converges when | x | < 16. The radius of convergence, R, is the distance from the center of the power series (which is 0) to the point where the series converges. So, R = 16.

Learn more about  ratio test here: brainly.com/question/31396912

#SPJ11

Other Questions
what is society ? why it is necesssary a client comes to the college campus nurse complaining of unilateral pain, swelling, and redness on his scrotal area. the nurse knows these clinical manifestations are likely caused by: Un trabajo puede ser realizado por 30 obreros durante 40 das. si el plazo para terminarlo es de 12 das, cuntos obreros ms se deben contratar? _____ are sometimes used to alleviate problems caused by potential conflicts of interest between shareholders and CEOs.A) mergersB) acquisitionsC) incentivesD) buyout Mcgraw hill interactive student addition geometry volume 2 2. In the figure, a regular polygon is inscribed in a triangle identify the center a radius and apothem and a central angle of the polygon, then find the measure of a central angle (example 1) the distance from the ground of a person riding on a ferris wheel can be modeled by the equation d equals 20 times the sine of the quantity pi over 30 times t end quantity plus 10 comma where d represents the distance, in feet, of the person above the ground after t seconds. how long will it take for the ferris wheel to make one revolution? 10 seconds 20 seconds 30 seconds 60 seconds Reread this sentence from the lesson:The more widespread voting became, the more the nation truly became of the people.Which principle of American democracy is most closely associated with the expansion of voting rights? A. checks and balancesB. federalismC. popular sovereigntyD. rule of law you can obtain the server's hostname by invoking ________ on an applet. Write the chemical equation for the ionization of each of the following weak acids in water. (Some are polyprotic acids; for these write only the equation for the first step in the ionization.) Do not include physical states, and use the smallest possible integer coefficientsa) HNO2b) HAsO42c)(CH3)3NH yesterday, your portfolio's closing market value was $350,000. when the market opened this morning, its value immediately dropped to $340,000. by noon, the value had risen to $355,000. it is currently 2:00 pm. and your portfolio's value is $365,000. what's the p&l? the optimal capital structure is the funds mix that will a. maximize total leverage. b. achieve an equal proportion of debt, preferred stock, and common equity. c. minimize the use of debt. d. minimize the firm's composite cost of capital. Amanda graphed the equation 10x + 5y = 20 taylor is the owner of a new apartment building. she has 15 units she needs to lease, so she has enlisted pablo as her agent. is pablo required to give taylor an agency disclosure form? nonacademic stuff being informally taught beneath the surface in a classroom setting is referred to by sociologists as the . group of answer choices chamber of secrets hidden curriculum special function equal access factor there is a rectangular prism and pyramid with congruent bases and height. if the volume of the pyramid is 48 in.3, what is the volume of the prism? when establishing trust and credibility in cross-cultural business relationships, which of the following guidelines are key to success? multiple select question. understand that it can take more time to establish your credibility when working across cultures. establishing trust should be a goal from the beginning of the relationship. be attentive to how credibility is earned in other cultures. avoid attempting to engage in behaviors that could be misinterpreted. two fixtures are being considered for a particular job in a manufacturing firm. the pertinent data for their comparison are summarized in the following table. the effective federal and state income tax rate is 25%. depreciation recapture is also taxed at 25%. if the after-tax marr is 8% per year, which of the two fixtures should be recommended? repairability assumptions can be assumed in your analysis. which of the following performance measures are part of the balanced scorecard? multiple select question. learning and growth financial customer vendor the issue price of 1,000, 5%, $1,000 bonds issued at 100.00 equals . multiple choice question. $1,000,000 $100,000,000 $1,050,000 $100,000 For the function f(x) = 4 cos(x) 2x, identify all intervals of increase and decrease on [0, 27). Express your answers exactly in interval notation. Separate your answers by commas when necessary The function is increasing on: The function is decreasing on: