Justify how climate change has impacted the frog and salamander habitats
Answer:
Increasingly erratic rainfall patterns can lead to declines in southeastern frog and salamander populations, but protecting ponds can improve their plight.Amphibians, which rely on water for part or all of their life cycle, must adjust to often atypical weather. Some years bring heavy deluges, such as the region's notorious hurricanes, and others bring the transformations that come with drought. Amphibians around the world seem to be experiencing the worst declines documented among vertebrates. While habitat loss is the number one reason for population declines, research suggests that disease, invasive species, contaminants and perhaps other factors contribute to declines in protected areas.
And then there's climate change, another stressor for amphibians to contend with. Climate change projections indicate that rainfall will increasingly come in pulses, with greater deluges and longer periods of drought. Scientists have long suspected that climate change is an important factor in amphibian declines, and resource managers are asking whether conservation measures might help species persist or adapt in a changing climate. Three recent U.S. Geological Survey studies offer some insight into the issue.
Explanation:
Cholesterol has a much higher profile than the other lipids because of its association with heart disease. Despite its lethal reputation with the public, cholesterol is vital to the body: it maintains proper fluidity of animal cell membranes and is the precursor of steroid hormones such as progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol. Cholesterol is synthesized in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in other tissues. The rate of its synthesis is highly responsive to the cellular level of cholesterol. Cholesterol synthesis can be effectively blocked by a class of compounds called statins. The market of the statins is estimated at $20 billions.
Explain the mechanism of action of statins.
Answer and Explanation:
The mechanism of action of statins begins with the inhibition of a protein called HMG-CoA reductase, allowing its substrate to accumulate in the body and promote cholesterol reduction. At that moment, a transporter called OATP (Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides) takes statins to the epatic tissue where they will be transformed and metabolized until they are eliminated through bile. This elimination is influenced by the P-glycoprotein, which is the main cause of the efflix presented by the bili. This process can get help from other molecules like some protease inhibitors, digoxin and cyclosporine.
A carbohydrate is an organic compound that is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The unique structure of carbohydrates makes them useful material for building cell walls in plants. Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates in animals?
Answer:
used to provide energy for daily activities and extra carbs are stored to be used for later purposes.
Explanation:
these carbohydrates are oxidised to release energy used for daily activities
carbs are also stored to provide energy to the body in times of hunger crisis
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Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Fahd is trying to write a focused scientific question. He writes, “Does the material something is made of affect its density?” How could Fahd’s question best be rewritten?
Answer: So basically we have to know does the material's characteristics/compositions affect its density?
Explanation: Density is defined as the ratio of the mass of a material to its volume at a specific temperature and pressure. The Density of material is changed by changing its mass to volume ratio or by changing its temperature or by changing its pressure, the density of material changes. The Density of material is changed by changing its mass to volume ratio or by changing its temperature or by changing its pressure, the density of material changes. From the above description, it can be inferred that a material's composition or chemical characteristics may remain unchanged if density changes by changing the pressure or temperature of the material.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own
food is known as a:
answers:
heterotroph
decomposer
producer
consumer
When vesicles of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (CSR) are incubated with ATP Mg^2+ and Ca^2+, they take up Ca^2+ and reach a pseudo steady-state. This is a steady state that changes, but slowly. The uptake of Ca2+ is mediated by the SERCA2a Ca-ATPase. The uptake reaction can be quenched by adding EGTA to the external solution, which binds the Ca^2+ outside of the vesicles, or by adding glucose plus hexokinase, that converts the ATP to ADP and glucose-6 phosphate. When the uptake reaction is stopped, Ca^2+ that was already taken up by the vesicles leaks out passively A. The amount of Ca^2+ taken up by the vesicles is generally normalized to the amount of CSR protein in mg rather than being expressed as a concentration. A typical steady state Ca2 uptake is 40 nmol mg^-1. In separate experiments, the enclosed volume of the CSR vesicles was determined to be 5 mu L mg. What is the approximate concentration of Ca^2+ inside the vesicles at steady-state? The total Ca^2+ concentration is its amount divided by the volume in which it is distributed. In this case the amount is 40 nmal mg CSR protein^-1 and the volume is 5 mu L mg CSR protein^-1, The concentration is estimated as B. The average vesicle size determined by electron microscopy is about 150 nm. What is the volume and surface area of a vesicle this size, assuming it is a sphere? C. Given that the enclosed volume of the aggregate vesicles is 5 iL mg-1, how many vesicles are there per mg of CSR protein? How much surface area is there per mg of CSR protein? D. The initial passive efflux at a load of 40 nmol mg when the pump is stopped is 16 nmol min^-1mg^-1. Convert this to a flux in units of nmol cm^-2 s^-1 by dividing by the surface area per mg of CSR protein and converting min to s. E. What is the passive permeability to Ca^2+ in cm s^-1?
Answer
I added 4 and 5 as an attachment due to time constraint.
Explanation:
1. at a steady state ca2+ taken by vesicle = 40n/mol
enclosed volume of CSR = 5μ/mg
concentration of ca2+ in vesicle =
40*10⁻⁶/5x10⁻⁶
= 0.008
= 8x10⁻⁹mol/L
2. radius of circle =75nM
volume = 150nm
volume of vesicle = 4/3 x pi x r³
= 1.33 x 3.14 x (75x10⁻⁹)³
= 1.77 x 10⁻²¹
when we convert this we get
1.77x10⁻¹⁸L since 1m³ is equal to 100oL
surface area =4x3.14x(75x10⁻⁹)²
= 12.56x5.625⁻¹⁵
= 7.065x10⁻¹⁴m²
this is 7.065x10⁻¹⁰cm²
3. number of vesicle/CSR
= 5x10⁻⁶/1.77x10⁻¹⁸
= 2.824x10¹²
surface are = 2.824x10¹² x7.06x10⁻¹⁰
= 19.95x10²
2. The number of workers in agriscience in the United States is approximately
a. 21 million,
c. 100,000
b. 100 million.
d. 400,000.
Answer:
21 million
Explanation:
hope this helps
A common method for analyzing microtubule motor activity is to attach them to a glass coverslip (the tails stick very well to glass) and then incubate with microtubules, which will settle on them and then "glide" across the surface of the coverslip as the heads of the motors propel them. This is easily observable in the light microscope. In an assay such as this, how can one determine the directionality of the movement of the microtubules (plus- or minus-ended)? Assume that you do not know if the motor is a plus- or minus-end motor prior to the experiment.
Answer:
Explanation:
Microtubules are integral part of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells, responsible for maintaining the shape of the cell. They are involved in intracellular trafficking by forming veritable "rails" along which motor proteins move and transport various organelles.
In analyzing microtubular motor activity, the plus (+) end and the minus(-) end proteins can be marked with non-identical fluorescent proteins, followed by observing it under the fluorescent microscope. From observation, the presence of motility of the fluorescent dye helps to determine if the motor is plus or minus end.
Red–green color blindness is an X‑linked recessive trait in humans. Polydactyly (extra fingers and toes) is an autosomal dominant trait. Martha has normal fingers and toes and normal color vision. Her mother is normal in all respects, but her father is color blind and polydactylous. Bill is color blind and polydactylous. His mother has normal color vision and normal fingers and toes. When answering the given question, consider that the answers include the proportions of only some of the possible phenotypes; other phenotypes are also expected to occur but are not included.
1. If Bill and Martha marry, what types and proportions of children can they produce?
2. The following two genotypes are crossed: Aa Bb Cc X+ Xr × Aa BB cc X+Y, where a, b, and c represent alleles of autosomal genes and X+ and Xr represent X-linked alleles in an organism with XX-XY sex determination. What is the probability of obtaining genotype aa Bb Cc X+ X+ in the progeny?
Complete question:
Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. Polydactyly (extra fingers and toes) is an autosomal dominant trait. Martha has normal fingers and toes and normal color vision. Her mother is normal in all respects, but her father is color blind and polydactylous. Bill is color blind and polydactylous. His mother has normal color vision and normal fingers and toes.
1. If Bill and Martha marry, what proportions of children with specific phenotypes would they be expected to produce? (The answers only include the proportions of some of the possible phenotypes; other phenotypes are also expected to occur but are not included.)
a. 1/4 color-blind girls with normal fingers, 1/4 boys with normal vision and polydactyly
b. 1/8 color-blind girls with polydactyly, 1/8 boys with normal vision and normal fingers
c. 1/3 girls with normal vision and normal fingers, 1/3 boys with normal vision and polydactyly, and 1/3 boys with normal vision and normal fingers
d. 1/6 girls with normal vision and polydactyly, 1/6 boys with normal vision and polydactyly
e. 1/8 color-blind girls with normal fingers, 1/4 boys with normal vision and polydactyly
2. The following two genotypes are crossed: Aa Bb Cc X+ Xr × Aa BB cc X+Y, where a, b, and c represent alleles of autosomal genes and X+ and Xr represent X-linked alleles in an organism with XX-XY sex determination.
Answer:
b. 1/8 color-blind girls with polydactyly, 1/8 boys with normal vision and normal fingers 4/256 aa Bb Cc X+X+Explanation:
Due to technical problems you will find the complete explanation in the attached file
The parasite which causes malaria is categorized as:
Ciliophora
Zoomastigina
Sporozoa
Sarcodina
.
answer plasmodium parasite
Help please someone please
Answer:
mhkhku
Explanation:
bmvgf.
Which phase of mitosis is shown in the diagram?
O prophase
O metaphase
O anaphase
telophase
Answer:
metaphase
Explanation:
The phase which is shown in the figure is Metaphase. The correct option is B, metaphase.
Metaphase is a critical phase of mitosis, which is the process of cell division that leads to the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells. During metaphase, the chromosomes, which contain the cell's genetic material, align at the center of the cell in preparation for separation.
Metaphase phase of mitosis:
Chromosome Condensation: Prior to metaphase, during the preceding phase called prophase, the chromosomes condense. Each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids held together at a region called the centromere.Formation of the Mitotic Spindle: In metaphase, the centrosomes, which are structures located near the cell's nucleus, migrate to opposite ends of the cell. From each centrosome, microtubules extend and form a network called the mitotic spindle. Chromosome Alignment: The mitotic spindle exerts tension on the chromosomes, aligning them along the equator of the cell, known as the metaphase plate. Checkpoint Control: The cell possesses a checkpoint mechanism during metaphase, known as the spindle checkpoint or metaphase checkpoint.Once metaphase is completed, the cell proceeds to anaphase, during which the sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite ends.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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Read the excerpt from Team Moon. The heavier the spacecraft, the harder it is to launch. And fuel is heavy. So it was critical to pinpoint the fuel needed, add a cushion, then take no more than necessary. But now, because the landing was taking far longer than planned, the fuel was almost gone. Mission Control wanted Neil to take as much time as he needed and fly the LM as near empty as possible only because they wanted him to make the landing. But if he ran out of fuel above the surface, in all likelihood the LM would crash onto the moon. So they were trying to time it to the last possible second before calling an abort—calling off the landing. Why does the author use a problem-solution text structure in the paragraph?
Answer:
c have a nice day
Explanation:
What does the fossil record show us?
Answer:
They show us that creatures before us, more feral, had lived and went extinct. And it also shows us the progression of fossils. (Evolution)
Explanation:
Scientists conclude the data of fossils, like the Jurassic age. Tyrannosaurus rexes were massive, carnivorous creatures. As scientists look at this data and go through the fossil records to show how we have evolved into modern people today.
which monosaccharide has the chemical formula C6 H12 06?
Frutose
Glucose
All of the other choices
Galactose
Answer:
All of them!
Explanation:
Each of the options (glucose, fructose and galactose) have the general formula: C6 H12 O6, due to them all being hexose monosaccharides.
Hope that helps! x
True or False--A model can never be revised. A
Answer:
definitely false, all models and theories can be changed, as not much is truly known
Explanation:
why does the bread easily get molds than the rice
Answer:
The sugar content
Explanation:
Bacteria are attracted to sugar, so maybe, they try to get the sugars and mold the bread.
Bread can easily get molds than the rice because of the following:
Mold are micro organisms that grow on the surface of left over food or food that are not properly preserved.
Although preservatives prevent bread from molding quickly but Bread will tend to always mold, unless it is kept in the fridge.
Bread that are kept in a place that is cool will often last for days compare to bread that are kept in a place with heat as heat will make the mold to quickly grow on the bread .
White rice that is dry can last upto 3 years or even more than if they are store in a room temperature.
Rice can only mold in a situation where the rice is moist.
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The variety and variability of organisms is called ______. One of the benefits of this kind of variety includes the ecosystem ______, which is the ability of an ecosystem system to recover after a disturbance. Other benefits of healthy ecosystems include ecosystem
______ such as pollinating crops, regulating pests, and maintaining soil structure.
Answer: Biodiversity, succession, services
Explanation:
I just had this on a test and got it right
Help me guys!!!!!!! Please I will give brainliest!! :((
Answer:
it is D mitochondria if you don't mind plz branilst
Explanation: srry put wrong letter
all living things have cell membranes and since it does not specify you choose cell membrane. mitochondria is the power house of the cell, it creates energy.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
all living things have cell membranes and since it does not specify you choose cell membrane. mitochondria is the power house of the cell, it creates energy.
Intermediate photographs should show the relation of evidence to other parts of the crime scene. A. True B. False
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
"adjective
adjective: intermediate
coming between two things in time, place, order, character, etc."
Pictures correlating to the crime scene are like puzzles to find out the other meanings or cause of another picture.
For example:
A opened jug of milk sits on a table.
There's a blurred figure of a hand hitting the jug.
The jug is now laying on the table, dripping everywhere.
-
If we take out the middle picture "There's a blurred figure of a hand hitting the jug.", then we would not know what hit it over. Did someone bump into the table? Did a cat climb onto the table and release its almighty strength onto it? All we would know that it was once standing upright.
TLDR; Without intermediate pictures, it would be hard to grasp what happened on the scene. Intermediate pictures all have something in common with each other to help interpret what occurred to the viewer.
What characteristic do all the organisms on this cladogram share?
A.fully bionocular vision B.being bi-pedal & having language C. complex brains D. partial bionocular vision & opposable thumbs
Answer:B
Explanation:
Name 2 problems that can occur in a fresh water biome that can have a negative impact on Pacific NW Salmon. Describe how each of those problems could impact the salmon.
Answer:
building of dams- fish are barricaded when they try to travel in order to reproduce. No reproduction obviously leads to the extinction of the species.
factory fumes- pollute the freshwater.
Global warming- Higher temperatures are causing the water to be evaporated more quickly because of this plants in or around the source of water are dying and animals are losing their food sources.
Which best describes traditional classification?
O It is based on shared characteristics.
O It is based on evolutionary relationships.
O It is called phylogenetic classification.
O It is called cladistics.
Answer: It is based on shared characteristics.
Explanation:
I did the test. Bro
Answer:
C ; It is based on shared characteristics.
which statement best describes a property of a proton
Answer:
Proton has a positive charge.
Florida sits on a certain type of rock. What is the name of this rock and how did it form?
Assignment Biological Molecules, Solutions, and Solubility
The Solubility of a Biological Molecule: Monosodium Glutamate; Sensitivity top H, Enter the pH you recorded during your experiment. Comparison of the effect of adding HCl on pH of water versus water saturated with MSG. Amount of HCl added Control: water Experimental: water saturated with MSGno HClpH = pH = 1 mL HClpH = pH = 2 mL HClpH = 3 mL HClpH = 4 mL HClpH = 5 mL HClpH = pH when change in appearance occurred. What explains the resistance of the MSG molecule to pH change, relative to the water? What feature of the MSG molecule is responsible for this?
Answer: The resistance is because MSG acts as a buffer, it accepts and donates H+ ions.
Explanation:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a non-essential amino acid that acts as a water-soluble buffer, and it found in food such as meat as a sodium salt of glutamic acid.
A buffer is a solution that affects the concentration of hydrogen ions (also called hydrons) in water, because it can resist pH changes when other components are added, by increasing or decreasing the concentration of the hydrogen ions present. Remember, the pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution that indicates the amount of hydrogen ions present, and an acid is a substance that donate hydrogen ions in a solution, while a base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions.
So, a buffer can neutralize small amounts of acid or base that is added, and maintain the pH relatively stable. The resistance of the MSG molecule to pH change, is because this molecule acts as a buffer and acepts the hydrogen ions when an acid is added. And it also acts as a buffer and donates hydrogen ions when a base is added. Thereby the hydrogens are not found free in the solution and are not able to change the pH.
For example, if HCl is added (a strong acid because it dissociates completely) on a solution which has MSG, there will be no big changes in the pH since the MSG acts as a buffer, accepting those hydrogen ions that the acid releases. So they will not be left in the solution and when you measure the pH, you will not detect them. However, if you add a large amount of acid, the molecule will no longer be able to accept all the hydrogens ions and you will begin to notice changes in the pH.
12. Energy is stored in different forms such as (check all that apply)
- chemical
- mechanical
- electrical
- radiant
The photo shows a swimmer pushing off the side of a pool.
What do the arrows in the photo represent?
A. Gravity
B. An action-reaction force pair
C. Balanced forces
D. Buoyancy
When the swimmer starts swimming, it indicates the action-reaction force pair that is present in Option B as the force that is applied by the swimmer on the wall of the swimming pool, and the same force is applied by the wall towards the swimmer.
What is the action-reaction force?This action-reaction force is explained by Newton and is also known as Newton's third law, where he explains that every action that is taken shows an equal and opposite force, such as here the swimmer gets the exact same force that he applied on the wall and, as a result, pushes itself to come forward.
Hence, when the swimmer starts swimming, it indicates the action-reaction force pair that is present in Option B as the force that is applied by the swimmer on the wall of the swimming pool, and the same force is applied by the wall towards the swimmer.
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