Fermentation is an anaerobic process in which energy can be released from glucose even though oxygen is not available. Fermentation occurs in yeast cells, and a form of fermentation takes place in bacteria and in the muscle cells of animals. In these situations, your working muscles generate ATP anaerobically (i.e., without oxygen) using a process called fermentation. Fermentation is beneficial in that it can generate ATP quickly for working muscle cells when oxygen is scarce. Fermentation helps break down nutrients in food, making them easier to digest than their unfermented counterparts. For example, lactose — the natural sugar in milk — is broken down during fermentation into simpler sugars — glucose and galactose ( 20 ).
Microbial fermentation takes place within the gastrointestinal tract of the majority of the animals by the bacterial cells, this helps in the process of digestion and in the synthesis of certain essential components like vitamins.
• The enzymatic decomposition and the usage of food components, mainly carbohydrates by the help of microbes like bacteria anaerobically is termed microbial fermentation.
• Within the gastrointestinal tract of the majority of animals, the process of fermentation takes place, however, the intensity of fermentation depends on the quantity of bacterial cells present, which is usually greatest in the intestine.
• The process of fermentation within the intestine by bacteria primarily helps in the process of metabolism and digestion of carbohydrates that does not get digested in the small intestine like residual starch and cellulose.
• Apart from this, microbial fermentation also helps in the production of vitamin K and some B vitamins.
Thus, microbial fermentation within the intestine of the majority of the animals performs essential functions like digestion and production of vitamins.
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Theory is an idea in science true or false
Answer:
True
Explanation:
How are the Venus fly trap and the pitcher plant classified in their ecosystems? (select all that apply.)
producer
decomposer
consumer
Answer:
Producer and Decomposer.
Answer:
Producer
Explanation:
I do know what the Venus fly trap is but I don’t know what the pitcher plant is sorry
antigen processing involves the breakdown of protein antigens and the subsequent association of peptide fragments on the surface of antigen-presenting cells with
antigen processing involves the breakdown of protein antigens and the subsequent association of peptide fragments on the surface of antigen-presenting cells with MHC class I or class II proteins.
Antigen is any foreign particle or molecule that can trigger a n immune response in the body.
After the body encounters the antigen cells like macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells will recognise and destroy them. The parts of the antigen will be presented by the macrophages to the T cells and hence they are also called Antigen presenting cells.
Antigen presenting cells will showcase the antigen or its part to the T cells. This is done with the help of a protein called major histocompatiblity complex or MHC complex proteins.
MHC proteins are present on cell surface and holds the antigens to showcase them to T cells.
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Why do commercial airliners encounter very little turbulence above 25,000 feet?
A. jet stream produces a much smoother flow of air.
B. Water vapor has mostly disappeared at colder elevations and its effect on weather turbulence.
C. The air is so thin at altitudes above 25,000 feet that turbulence has much less effect.
D. There are no clouds above 25,000 feet.
In reporting turbulence, it is usually classed as light, moderate, severe or extreme. The degree is determined by the nature of the initiating agency and by the degree of stability of the air.
Light turbulence momentarily causes slight changes in altitude and/or attitude or a slight bumpiness. Occupants of the airplane may feel a slight strain against their seat belts.
Moderate turbulence is similar to light turbulence but somewhat more intense. There is, however, no loss of control of the airplane. Occupants will feel a definite strain against their seat belts and unsecured objects will be dislodged.
Severe turbulence causes large and abrupt changes in altitude and/or attitude and, usually, large variations in indicated airspeed. The airplane may momentarily be out of control. Occupants of the airplane will be forced violently against their seat belts.
In extreme turbulence, the airplane is tossed violently about and is impossible to control. It may cause structural damage.
what is the relationship between the number of organisms and the energy available as you go up through the trophic levels? group of answer choices chegg
Describe how an organism is classified currently hy Biologist
Answer: All living organisms are classified into groups based on very basic, shared characteristics. Organisms within each group are then further divided into smaller groups. The classification of living things includes 7 levels: kingdom, phylum, classes, order, families, genus, and species.
Explanation:
Answer:
Organisms are classified by how similar they are to another organism.
They also find similarities with the DNA and examining physical features.
Explanation:
Modern biologists use DNA for this. Testing an organisms DNA can greatly help in classifying organisms.
I need help please ASAP..
the science of limbs
Answer:
Muay Thai is The Art of Eight Limbs
Explanation:
Hope this helps :)
Which of the following is true about photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Answer:
no option
Explanation:
there is no any alternativesfor the question.
The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of _____________, and the dermis, which is composed primarily of ____________ connective tissue.
The integument consists of the epidermis, which is composed of stratified epidermis, and the dermis, which is composed primarily of dense irregular connective tissue.
The outermost layer of the body is called as skin or integument. It can be divided into three layers- the outermost epidermis, the middle layer dermis and the deepest layer hypodermis.
The epidermis protects the body from external environment and keeps the body hydrated, produces new skin cells and also contains melanin which gives the skin its colour. It is made up of layers of stratified epidermal cells.
Dermis layer have dense regular connective tissue, blood vessels, oil and sweat glands.
The hypodermis is the bottom layer which performs functions like storing energy, connecting with bones and muscles, and protecting from harm.
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I GIVE BRAINLIST
Help please
Magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O2) react to form magnesium oxide (MgO).
Which type of chemical reaction does the equation represent?
Answer:
Synthesis
Explanation:
A synthesis chemical reaction is where two simpler substances form together to create a more complex product.
The reactants can be either a single element or a compound, but the product is always a compound.
Since Mg and O2 reacted to create MgO, a compound, this represents a synthesis reaction.
13. What does DNA stand for?
14. What does the information contained in DNA determine?
15. What does DNA code for?
16. What are the monomers of DNA called?
17. What are the four nitrogen bases contained in DNA?
р
Nucleotide
Base
a.
b.
S
C.
d.
18. What phrase is used to describe the structure of DNA?
19. What is the backbone of DNA composed of?
20. Which base pairs with adenine?
Which base pairs with cytosine?
Answer:
13. deoxyribonucleic acids
14. DNA provides instructions for how each part of an organism will develop
15. instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for our growth
16. nucleotides
17. adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
18. double helix
19. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
20. adenine pairs with guanine and cytosine pairs with thymine
The study of genes is called genetics.
The correct answer is mentioned below.
What is DNA?It is a component that stores all the genetic information of the human.
According to the question,
13. deoxyribonucleic acids
14. DNA provides instructions for how each part of an organism will develop
15. instructions needed to make the proteins and molecules essential for our growth
16. nucleotides
17. adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine
18. double helix
19. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
20. adenine pairs with guanine and cytosine pairs with thymine
Hence, the correct answer to the question is described.
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Cellular Respiration is the process in which cells produce the energy they need to survive. In cellular respiration, cells use oxygen to break down the sugar glucose and store its energy in molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Cellular respiration is critical for the survival of most organisms because the energy in glucose cannot be used by cells until it is stored in ATP.
What does the passage and diagram above best imply?
A. Oxygen and glucose are both products of cellular respiration
B. Cellular respiration refers to the metabolic reactions and processes which occur in the nucleus of organisms.
C. Cellular respiration is a process that converts glucose into chemical energy (ATP) in the chloroplast of the cell
D. The main product of cellular respiration is ATP waste products include carbon dioxide and water
Answer:
D. The main product of cellular respiration is ATP waste products include carbon dioxide and water
Explanation:
The main product of cellular respiration is ATP waste products include carbon dioxide and water.
What is Cellular respiration?
A glucose molecule gradually decomposes into carbon dioxide and water during cellular respiration. In the process of transforming glucose, some ATP is directly created.
But far more ATP is later created through a procedure known as oxidative phosphorylation. The electron transport chain, a collection of proteins enmeshed in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, is what drives oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis. In a new window, click here During glycolysis, the six-carbon sugar glucose goes through a number of chemical changes. It ultimately transforms into two molecules of pyruvate.
Therefore, The main product of cellular respiration is ATP waste products include carbon dioxide and water.
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Which situations described are examples of a standards and measurements issue related to land reclamation? Select the two correct answers.
A mining company claims that protecting an endangered species should not be included in permitting.
Vegetation introduced to a reclaimed site is an invasive species that isn't native to the area.
Despite permit agreements, a mining company abandons a mine site after closure of the mine.
Monitoring of water quality at a reclaimed site shows high levels of metals, like lead, in the water.
The funding by a local developer to repurpose a reclamation site as a shopping center is withdrawn.
Answer:
Vegetation introduced to a reclaimed site is an invasive species that isn't native to the area.
Monitoring of water quality at a reclaimed site shows high levels of metals, like lead, in the water.
Explanation:
Land reclamation is the process of creating new lands from the sea and it involves filling the areas with a large number of heavy rocks, cement, sand, and soil. Land can be reclaimed for agricultural purposes such as draining the swamplands and converting them into farmlands. The land reclamation practices also include the landfilling and restoration of beaches. Such as the sand or mud. Countries such as bangladesh, Netherlands, and South Korea have used land reclamation as a method of development.In an Antarctic marine food web, leopard seals, which feed on birds, fish, and squid,
are carnivores. Phytoplankton are autotrophs that feed krill and copepods. Krill are
eaten by birds and fish, and copepods are eaten by squid and fish.
Based on the food web description provided, which of the following food chains
accurately represents the flow of energy through organisms in the Antarctic
ecosystem?
A
phytoplankton + copepod bird leopard seal
B
leopard seal squid copepod phytoplankton
С
leopard seal squid phytoplankton copepod
D
phytoplankton +copepod squid leopard seal
I think it’s D
Answer:A
Explanation:
Leopard seals feed on birds, fish, and squid in an Antarctic marine food web, and the correct representation of the food web is phytoplankton + copepod squid ,leopard seal, which is present in option D.
What is the energy flow in the food web?
As explained in the Antarctic marine food web, the food web is the interconnection of different trophic levels, and animals at one trophic level rely on many other animals at other trophic levels or are eaten by animals of other trophic levels. Leopard seals are carnivores in this area, feeding on birds, fish, and squid.
Autotrophic phytoplanktons are consumed by krill and copepods; later, the krill are eaten by birds and fish. The copepods are eaten by squid and fish, so here the producer is the phytoplankton, which is eaten by the krill and copepods, so the energy flow is from the phytoplankton to the copepod and then to the seal.
Hence, the correct food web representation is phytoplankton , copepod squid , leopard seal, as shown in Option D.
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what makes up cell membranes and is used to create hormones?(1 point) glucose glucose cholesterol cholesterol starch starch hydrocarbon hydrocarbon
Cholesterol makes up cell membranes and is used to create hormones.
Cell membranes are the outer covering of the cell that protect it from the outer environment. A cell membrane is a bilayer of lipid, composed of protein and cholesterol as well. The cholesterol is essential to maintain the proper integrity of the cell membrane.
Hormones are the chemical messengers that are released at one site and they perform their function at another location of the body. Hormones can be made up of several macromolecules like polypeptides, amine acids or cholesterol. The example of hormones made up of cholesterol are: glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones.
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What are the 4 stages of mitosis
I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST FOR THE CORRECT ANSWER!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
During this process, sister chromatids separate from each other and move to opposite poles of the cell. This happens in four phases called:
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
Explanation:
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hi im ava :) could u help me?
Use what you learned about Mendel's experiments to answer the following questions.
Studying one trait at a time ensures that multiple
_____ are not changing simultaneously.
Give one reason Mendel chose pea plants for his experiment:
Answer:variables
Explanation:are not charging simultaneously
Answer:
variables
Explanation:
Pea plants reproduce sexually.Male and female sex cells on pea plants allowed Mendel to cross pollinate them.Pea plants have a variety of traits.
What is the primary function of the phosphorylation cascade in the signal pathway mediation of gene expression?
Amplification of the signal
Conversion of transcription into translation
Initiation of the signal
Reduction of the hormone concentration
Answer:
A) amplification of the signal
Explanation:
i got it right :)
If you had a mild allergic reaction to an allergen in the past, you are not at risk of that allergen causing anaphylaxis in the future?
True or false
Answer:
FALSE WHY FOR EXAMPLE CHICKEN FOX IF YOU HAVE BEFORE DIDNT RETURN AGAIN
I'm honestly confused right now, please help me.
Answer:
The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency, but inversely proportional to its wavelength. In other words, the greater the energy, the larger the frequency and the shorter (smaller) the wavelength.
write a simple paragraph describing the protein structure USING THE WORD GENE And AMINO ACID
Answer:
Proteins or prostheses are macromolecules formed by linear chains of amino acids. Proteins are made up of amino acids and this sequence is determined by the nucleotide sequence of their corresponding gene.
If the DNA code is CCA, what is the complementary mRNA code? A. GGA B. GGU C. UUA D. UUC
Answer:
b
Explanation:
What property makes phospholipids ideal building blocks for cell membranes?
They have hydrophilic heads and tails.
They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
They have hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails.
They have hydrophobic heads and tails.
Answer:
They have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.
Explanation:
Phospholipid membranes are comprised of a chain of lipids. These typically are arranged in a bilayer; the hydrophilic lipid heads are polar, and face outwards, while the hydrophobic tails are polar facing inwards.
The membranes are selectively permeable, and only allow the movement of small, non-polar molecules through the bilayer.
which is the best explanation for where different types if minerals are found in earth
Answer:
Everywhere foods, earth, plants, etc..
Explanation:
Question: How are unicellular organisms similar to multicellular organisms? Observe: Compare the microalgae, the Elodea leaf cells, the maple leaf cells, and the root hair cells at 400x. ✏️ Hand draw in the circles below or click on the circles and select EDIT to use the drawing tool.
Answer:
In which the smallest unit of life of both is the cell
Explanation:
In addition to the smaller unit of life in common, these uni or multicellular organisms are open systems that exchange energy with the environment, comply with cellular respiration to live, and require a resource for their metabolism and cell division is what makes that reproduce within their parents.
What effect can fertilizer runoff have on an aquatic ecosystem?
a.
increased plant growth leading to a decrease in fish populations
b.
increased plant growth leading to an increase in fish populations
c.
decreased plant growth leading to a decrease in fish populations
d.
decreased plant growth leading to an increase in fish populations
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Hopefully this helps
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Trust the process - Edge 2021 -
1. mathews, f.s. (1985) the structure, function and evolution of cytochromes. progr. biophys. mol. biol. 45, 1±56.
Redox-active proteins known as cytochromes include a heme, which has a central Fe atom at its center, as a cofactor. They participate in redox catalysis and the electron transport chain.
Redox-active proteins are categorized by the type of heme and how it binds. A globular cytochrome cc protein participates in the electron transport from the surface complex III to complex IV during the oxidative pathway phosphorylation. One of the subunits that make up Complex III is a b-type cytochrome, and another is a c-type cytochrome. Within the complex, electron transport is a function of both domains. A cytochrome a/a3-domain found in complex IV transports electrons and catalysing the reaction of oxygen with water.
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I am unicellular, I am a heterotroph, What am I? Bacteria, Protist (Plant-like), Protist (Animal-like), Protist (Fungi-like), Fungi 1. Algae, Basilli-chain, Basilli-colony, Bacilli-singular, Chytrid, Ciliates, Club-fungi, 3. Cocci-chain, Cocci-colony, Cocci-singular, Diatoms, Dinoflagellates, Downy-mold, Euglenoid, Flagellate, Parasite, Sac-Fungi, Sarcodine, Slime-mold, Sparilli-chain, Sparilli-colony, Sparilli-singular, Water-mold, Zygote-fungi
Answer:
Bacteria, Protist (Animal-like) and Protist (Fungi-like).
Explanation:
Bacteria, Protist (Animal-like) and Protist (Fungi-like) are the organisms which are unicellular and heterotroph. Unicellular are those organisms which are made of single cell and heterotrophs are those which feed or take food from other organisms. So these organisms i. e. Bacteria, Protist (Animal-like) and Protist (Fungi-like) have both qualities such as they are unicellular as well as heterotroph.
Answer:
Bacteria, Protist (Animal-like) and Protist (Fungi-like).
Explanation: