Job involvement is the degree to which an employee identifies with their job, actively participates in it, and considers their job performance to be important for their self-worth. It is an important factor in maintaining a positive attitude among employees in an organization for the following reasons:
1. Increased job satisfaction: When employees are involved in their job, they are more likely to be satisfied with their work and have a positive attitude towards their job and the organization.
2. Improved performance: Job involvement leads to increased motivation and effort, which results in improved job performance and productivity.
3. Reduced turnover: Employees who are involved in their job are less likely to leave the organization, reducing turnover and the associated costs of hiring and training new employees.
4. Enhanced organizational commitment: Job involvement is associated with a stronger sense of commitment to the organization, leading to a positive attitude towards the organization and a willingness to support its goals.
In conclusion, job involvement is crucial for maintaining a positive attitude among employees, as it leads to increased job satisfaction, improved performance, reduced turnover, and enhanced organizational commitment.
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Chapter 2 - Cognitive Dissonance
Jackie Hartnett was hired at Dorf Car Factory for her strong belief in recycling. Not only did she have all the technical skills required for the job, but she had a personal passion for the well-being of the environment. Her boss, Charlie Damon, was excited by her interest in re-using goods and overall concern for the well-being of the environment. These were not strong values for him personally, and he hoped that Jackie would bring a certain level of awareness to other employees, including him.
Jackie came to work at Dorf Car Factory with high hopes. She had been looking for a large organization where she could develop her long-term career goals, and she was encouraged by Dorf's interest in becoming a better "green" employer. She educated herself on the output of the factory and figured out four main ways to reduce harmful elements they were currently releasing into the atmosphere. Jackie's personal interest in recycling dated back to her grade school days when she tracked what happened to all the paper put in the trash pail in each classroom. After learning it ended up in the landfill along with all the other rubbish, Jackie implemented a school-wide recycle program. To this day, all "extra" paper or waste is put in a separate trash pail which is sent to a recycling factory and used to make reusable consumer goods. Jackie is proud of this point.
Jackie throws herself into her work at Dorf Car Factory. Charlie is impressed with both her outstanding performance and how well she gets along with everyone. As Jackie's one year anniversary with Dorf Car Factory approaches, she uncovers information showing several factory shipments of waste material being sold to another company. Quick research showed that this other company does not "properly" dispose of these types of waste products. Jackie immediately approached her boss, Charlie, with the data and was taken aback when he shared with her the extra costs that ended up being involved with several of her "greener" approaches. Disheartened, Jackie asked, "Is anything we committed to almost a year ago still in place?"
Charlie's nonchalant response about the paper recycling program working in the outer offices was not enough of a reassurance for Jackie. That night at home, she contemplates her future with Dorf. She feels torn between her commitment to the company and her personal values of recycling. She wonders, if they have not been open about the actual, behind the scene steps with the recycling program, are there other business aspects that they are not being "open" about?
Answer the following questions by applying the concepts learned in Chapter 2. Also, conduct literature reviews on the subject of discussion and use to support your case study answers:
Discuss Jackie's dilemma in terms of cognitive dissonance.
How could this new information on Dorf's actual recycling program affect Jackie's perception of the company she works for? What impact could this have on her overall performance? Are her personal values around recycling strong enough to determine who she works for?
Do you think Jackie should ignore the company's choice to recycle or not and just keep doing her job? Is she willing to walk away from a good paying job with benefits? Are there other employers who are likely to be more open to recycling programs, and should she pursue opportunities with those companies?
Cognitive dissonance is a psychological concept that refers to the discomfort or unease that a person experiences when their beliefs, values, or actions are in conflict with each other.
It is ultimately up to Jackie to decide whether she should ignore the company's choice to recycle or not and just keep doing her job.
In Jackie's case, her strong personal values around recycling and environmental sustainability are in conflict with the actions of her employer, Dorf Car Factory, which she has discovered is not fully committed to recycling and proper waste disposal.
The new information about Dorf's actual recycling program could significantly affect Jackie's perception of the company. She may feel betrayed and disillusioned, and may question the integrity and ethics of the company as a whole.
However, it is important for her to consider the potential consequences of staying with a company that does not align with her values, including the potential impact on her mental health and overall well-being. She may also want to consider the possibility of finding other employers who are more open to recycling programs and pursuing opportunities with those companies.
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Janice huffman has decided to start janice cleaning, a residential housecleaning service company. She is able to rent cleaning equipment at a cost of $600 per month. Labor costs are expected to be $50 per house cleaned and supplies are expected to cost $7 per house. Required determine the total expected cost of equipment rental and the average expected cost of equipment rental per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of equipment a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of labor and the average expected cost of labor per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of labor a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of supplies and the average expected cost of supplies per house cleaned, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Is the cost of supplies a fixed or a variable cost? determine the total expected cost of cleaning houses, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month. Determine the average expected cost per house, assuming that janice cleaning cleans 10, 20, or 30 houses during one month
Average expected cost per house:
If 10 houses are cleaned: $1,150 / 10 houses = $115 per houseIf 20 houses are cleaned: $2,200 / 20 houses = $110 per houseIf 30 houses are cleaned: $3,250 / 30 houses = $108.33 per houseWhat does "average cost per home" mean?"Average cost" is the total cost of a set of items or activities divided by the number of items or activities. It gives an idea of how much it costs on average to produce or perform each item or activity. For example, if you produce 10 items at a total cost of $100, the average cost per item is $10. Similarly, if you perform a service 20 times at a total cost of $500, the average cost per service is $25. The average cost is useful in determining the overall efficiency and profitability of a business, as well as in making pricing decisions.
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An organization selling soft toys is planning to engage its online consumers in a more effective manner through communication strategies. Explain any THREE (3) most appropriate digital communication tools that can utilized to achieve this objective. Illustrate your answer by describing the applicability for each chosen tool.
The organization selling soft toys can utilize the following three (3) digital communication tools to engage its online consumers more effectively:
Using these digital communication tools, the organization selling soft toys can create engaging and effective communication strategies that will allow them to reach out to and engage their online consumers.
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Calculate the present value & then future value at the end of period 6 for each of the following cash flows streams. Assume an interest rate of 8%. Period A B с 1 $400 $375 $150 $450 2 $400 $375 $240 $450 3 $400 $375 $220 -$185 4 $400 $375 $175 $90 5 $500 $375 $230 $240 6 $500 $375 $180 $270 D 7. Having just won a crossword puzzle contest, you may take your prize in any of three cash flow patterns. If money is worth 20% per year to you, which pattern would you most prefer? Which pattern would you least prefer? Pattern A B с 1 $200 0 0 2 $200 0 0 YEARS 3 $200 $1,000 $400 4 $200 0 $400 5 $200 0 $400 8. How much money must be invested each year in a sinking fund earning 7% per annum in order to have $30,000 accumulated after 15 years? 9. Calculate the Present Value of the following mixed Streams assuming discount rate is 12%, Years 1 through 5 6 through 9 10 through 15 Cash Flows $6,000 per year $5,000 per year $8,000 per year
The present value of the mixed streams is $49,306.18.
The present value (PV) and future value (FV) of the cash flows streams can be calculated using the following formulas:
PV = C / (1 + r) ^t
FV = C * (1 + r) ^t
Where C is the cash flow, r is the interest rate, and t is the time period.
For period A:
PV1 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^1 = $370.37
FV1 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^1 = $432
PV2 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^2 = $342.95
FV2 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^2 = $466.56
PV3 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^3 = $317.36
FV3 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^3 = $504.29
PV4 = 400 / (1 + 0.08) ^4 = $293.85
FV4 = 400 * (1 + 0.08) ^4 = $544.63
PV5 = 500 / (1 + 0.08) ^5 = $340.64
FV5 = 500 * (1 + 0.08) ^5 = $734.66
PV6 = 500 / (1 + 0.08) ^6 = $315.41
FV6 = 500 * (1 + 0.08) ^6 = $793.83
The same calculations can be done for periods B, C, and D.
For the crossword puzzle contest question, we can calculate the present value of each pattern and compare them to determine which one is the most preferred and least preferred.
PV_A = 200 / (1 + 0.2)^1 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^2 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^3 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^4 + 200 / (1 + 0.2)^5 = $686.87
PV_B = 1000 / (1 + 0.2)^3 = $578.70
PV_C = 400 / (1 + 0.2)^3 + 400 / (1 + 0.2)^4 + 400 / (1 + 0.2)^5 = $858.07
Based on the present value calculations, pattern C is the most preferred and pattern B is the least preferred.
For the sinking fund question, we can use the formula:
FV = P * [(1 + r)^t - 1] / r
Where P is the annual payment, r is the interest rate, and t is the time period. Rearranging the formula to solve for P, we get:
P = FV * r / [(1 + r)^t - 1]
P = 30000 * 0.07 / [(1 + 0.07)^15 - 1] = $1144.61
For the present value of the mixed streams question, we can use the formula PV = C / (1 + r)^t for each time period and sum them up.
PV = 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^1 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^2 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^3 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^4 + 6000 / (1 + 0.12)^5 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^6 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^7 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^8 + 5000 / (1 + 0.12)^9 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^10 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^11 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^12 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^13 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^14 + 8000 / (1 + 0.12)^15 = $49,306.18
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The Production manager of a paper manufacturing company must determine the daily product mix for a new paper and board plant. This plant produces four products: foot-board, container-board, book paper and coarse paper. The sales department had established the following maximum daily demand and sales prices:
Foot board 60 tons/day Rs. 2,050/- per ton
Container board 120 tons/day Rs. 1,100/- per ton
Book paper 25 tons/day Rs. 1,700/- per ton
Coarse paper 30 tons/day Rs. 1,550/- per ton
The first step in the manufacture of these products is the purchase of the wood to be chipped and pulped. Hardwood can be purchased for Rs. 234/- per cord; Soft-wood costs Rs. 260/- per cord (There is approximately 1.3 tons in a cord of either type of wood). The available local supply is limited to 200 tons per day of hardwood and 350 tons a day of softwood.
Hardwood and softwood are chipped and pulped separately. The equipment has a total output capacity of 235 tons per day of pulp, regardless of the type of wood being processed. The yield on hardwood is 47% (that is, the total tonnage of hardwood pulp is 47% of the hardwood tonnage fed into the process). The yield for softwood is 45%. The chipping and pulping process incurs a variable cost of Rs. 600/- per ton of pulp produced.
A portion of the pulp is used directly in producing the final products and the remaining portion is bleached first. The stream of unbleached pulp going directly into the paper and board machines is composed (by weight) of 60% hardwood pulp and 40% softwood pulp. The stream of pulp going into the Bleacher consists of 50% hardwood and 50% softwood pulp. Bleaching adds a variable cost of Rs. 100/- per ton of bleached pulp produced. The bleacher yield is 98% and has a daily output capacity of 80 tons.
The bleached and unbleached pulps are mixed in fixed proportions for each of the final products. Information regarding quantities of bleached and unbleached pulp required to produce one ton of each of the final products is given below.
A board machine is used to produce container board and foot board. A variable cost of Rs. 50/- is incurred from production of a ton of either product; the board machine has an output capacity of 190 tons per day. A paper machine is used to produce book paper and coarse paper. A variable cost of Rs. 50/- is incurred from production of a ton of either product, and the machine has an output capacity of 60 tons per day.
To determine the daily product mix, we need to consider the following factors:
Maximum daily demand and sales prices for each product.
Available local supply of hardwood and softwood.
Output capacity of chipping and pulping equipment.
Yield and variable cost of pulp production.
Proportion of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product.
Output capacity and variable cost of board and paper machines.
Let's start by calculating the maximum revenue that can be generated from each product:
Foot-board: 60 tons/day x Rs. 2,050/- per ton = Rs. 1,23,000/-
Container-board: 120 tons/day x Rs. 1,100/- per ton = Rs. 1,32,000/-
Book paper: 25 tons/day x Rs. 1,700/- per ton = Rs. 42,500/-
Coarse paper: 30 tons/day x Rs. 1,550/- per ton = Rs. 46,500/-
Next, we need to determine the available local supply of hardwood and softwood:
Hardwood: 200 tons/day
Softwood: 350 tons/day
We also need to calculate the total output capacity of chipping and pulping equipment:
Total output capacity: 235 tons/day
Now, we can calculate the total pulp production from hardwood and softwood:
Hardwood pulp production: 200 tons/day x 47% yield = 94 tons/day
Softwood pulp production: 350 tons/day x 45% yield = 158 tons/day
Total pulp production: 94 tons/day + 158 tons/day = 252 tons/day
The variable cost of pulp production is Rs. 600/- per ton. Therefore, the total variable cost of pulp production is:
Total variable cost of pulp production: 252 tons/day x Rs. 600/- per ton = Rs. 1,51,200/-
Next, we need to calculate the proportion of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product:
Foot-board: 75% unbleached pulp + 25% bleached pulp
Container-board: 85% unbleached pulp + 15% bleached pulp
Book paper: 100% bleached pulp
Coarse paper: 100% bleached pulp
Using the above proportions, we can calculate the amount of bleached and unbleached pulp required for each final product:
Foot-board: (60 tons/day x 75%) / 100 = 45 tons/day unbleached pulp + (60 tons/day x 25%) / 100 = 15 tons/day bleached pulp
Container-board: (120 tons/day x 85%) / 100 = 102 tons/day unbleached pulp + (120 tons/day x 15%) / 100 = 18 tons/day bleached pulp
Book paper: 25 tons/day x 100% = 25 tons/day bleached pulp
Coarse paper: 30 tons/day x 100% = 30 tons/day bleached pulp
We also need to calculate the output capacity and variable cost of board and paper machines:
Board machine: 190 tons/day x Rs. 50/- per ton = Rs. 9,500/- per day
Paper machine: 60 tons/day x Rs. 50/- per ton = Rs. 3,000/- per day
Finally, we can determine the daily product mix that maximizes revenue while respecting the constraints on wood supply and equipment capacity. We can use linear programming to solve this optimization problem. The objective function is the total
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Firstly, you push the boxes to the right as far as possible, so each box moves right until it hits an obstacle, another box, or the right edge of the board. Then, you push the boxes down as far as possible, so each box moves down until it hits an obstacle, another box, or the bottom of the board
This is a common strategy used in puzzle games like Sokoban and is known as the "push and slide" technique.
By pushing the boxes to the right and then down, you can create more space on the board and clear a path for the remaining boxes.
The first step is to identify which boxes can be moved to the right. Look for boxes that are not blocked by other boxes or obstacles and have enough space to move. Once you have identified these boxes, start pushing them to the right as far as possible. If a box hits an obstacle or another box, stop pushing it and move on to the next box.
After all the boxes that can be moved to the right have been pushed, the next step is to push them down. Look for boxes that are not blocked by other boxes or obstacles in the column below them. Once you have identified these boxes, start pushing them down as far as possible. If a box hits an obstacle or another box, stop pushing it and move on to the next box.
By using this technique, you can create more space on the board and make it easier to move the remaining boxes. It is important to plan ahead and think about the consequences of each move, as pushing a box in the wrong direction can make it impossible to solve the puzzle. With practice and patience, you can master the push and slide technique and solve even the most challenging puzzles.
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How many ways can 5 couples be seated in a circular table if the
wives must sit together?
There are 5! (5 factorial) ways that the 5 couples can be seated in a circular table if the wives must sit together.
This is because there are 5 different spots for the wives to sit together, and then 4! (4 factorial) ways for the husbands to be arranged around the table.
1. Start with the wives sitting together. There are 5 different spots for them to sit together around the table.
2. Next, arrange the husbands around the table. There are 4! (4 factorial) ways to do this.
3. Multiply the two numbers together to get the total number of ways that the couples can be seated: 5! * 4! = 120 * 24 = 2880
So the answer is 2880 ways that the 5 couples can be seated in a circular table if the wives must sit together.
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Find the annual fire insurance premium for the following. Ritkin Drug & Gift Shop has an insurable loss of $270,000, while having insurance coverage beyond coinsurance requirements. The insurance is divided between Company A with $300,000 coverage, Company B with $200,000 coverage, and Company C with $500,000 coverage. Find the amount of loss paid by Company A
To find the amount of loss paid by Company A, we need to first determine the percentage of the total coverage that Company A provides.
The total coverage provided by all three companies is $300,000 + $200,000 + $500,000 = $1,000,000.
Therefore, Company A's percentage of the total coverage is:
$300,000 / $1,000,000 = 0.3 or 30%
Next, we need to determine the amount of the loss that Company A is responsible for. Since the total insurable loss is $270,000, Company A is responsible for 30% of that amount, which is:
0.30 x $270,000 = $81,000
Therefore, Company A will pay $81,000 towards the insurable loss, while Companies B and C will pay the remaining amounts based on their coverage percentages.
To find the annual fire insurance premium, we need to know the rate at which the insurance companies charge for their coverage. This information is typically provided in terms of a percentage of the insurable value of the property being insured. For example, if the insurance rate is 0.5%, then the annual premium would be 0.5% x $270,000 = $1,350.
However, since we do not have information about the insurance rate, we cannot calculate the annual premium. This information would need to be obtained from the insurance companies providing the coverage.
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Study and critically evaluate the strategies of any two Multinational
companies of the same Industry. Explain in detail the strategies adopted by
these companies and compare the strategies of these two companies
we can look at the strategies of two multinational companies in the same industry.
For example, let's consider McDonald's and Burger King, both of which are in the fast food industry.
McDonald's has adopted a strategy of focusing on low prices and large menu selections to attract customers. The company also offers a wide range of value meals and combo meals, making it easy for customers to get the most bang for their buck.
Additionally, McDonald's has invested heavily in its brand and has established itself as a global leader in the fast food industry.
Burger King, on the other hand, has adopted a strategy of emphasizing its menu items, rather than its low prices.
The company has invested heavily in the quality of its ingredients and the taste of its products, as well as its marketing and advertising campaigns. Burger King also offers a wide range of limited time offers, allowing customers to sample its products.
Comparing the two strategies, McDonald's focuses on offering low prices and large menu selections, while Burger King focuses on emphasizing its menu items and quality ingredients.
Both companies have achieved success in their own respective ways and continue to remain competitive in the industry.
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What is the only acceptable method for valuing inventory for a
dealer in securities?
The only acceptable method for valuing inventory for a dealer in securities is the "mark-to-market" method.
The mark-to-market" method involves valuing the securities at their current market value on the date of the valuation. This ensures that the inventory is accurately valued and reflects the current market conditions. It is important for dealers in securities to use this method, as it provides the most accurate and up-to-date information about the value of their inventory.
The mark-to-market method is also used by other types of businesses, such as commodity traders and financial institutions, to value their assets and liabilities. This method is considered to be the most accurate and reliable way to value inventory and other assets, as it takes into account the current market conditions and the prices that the assets could be sold for at that time.
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What does it mean when an asset is referred to as acurrent asset?What does it mean to reconcile a bankaccount?
1 - A current asset is an asset that can be converted to cash or used to pay current liabilities within one year.
2 - To reconcile a bank account is to compare the account balance on a bank statement with the corresponding amount in the company’s accounting records.
A current asset is an asset that is expected to be converted to cash or used in the business within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer. Current assets include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, and other assets that can be easily converted to cash within one year. Current assets are important to a business because they are used to pay for the day-to-day operations of the business and to meet short-term obligations.
Reconciling a bank account means comparing the transactions recorded in your business's accounting records with the transactions listed on your bank statement. The goal of reconciliation is to identify any discrepancies between the two records and make any necessary adjustments to ensure that both sets of records are accurate. Reconciliation is important because it helps to identify any errors or fraudulent activity in your business's accounting records or bank account.
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What is the ethics in Human Resources? Give an example based on
a company
What is the ethics in Research and Development? Give an example
based on a company
Ethics in Human Resources refers to the principles and values that guide the behavior and decision making of HR professionals.Ethics in Research and Development (R&D) refers to the principles and values that guide the behavior and decision making of R&D professionals.
These include confidentiality, fairness, respect for individual rights, and compliance with laws and regulations. An example of ethical behavior in HR is when a company implements a policy that ensures equal opportunities for all employees regardless of their race, gender.
These include honesty, integrity, and respect for the rights and well-being of research participants. An example of ethical behavior in R&D is when a company conducts clinical trials for a new drug and ensures that all participants are fully informed about the risks and benefits of the trial, and that their participation is voluntary.
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Sandi, Jin and Nika owns and operates a bakeshop. Sandi purchased all the ingredients they will need for their products amounting to 63,440. Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products they will sell for the day. Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. Compute for the % Margin of the products they sold for that day.
Accoding to the question, Sandi, Jin and Nika owns and operates a bakeshop. Sandi purchased all the ingredients they will need for their products amounting to 63,440. Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products they will sell for the day. Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. The % Margin of the products they sold for that day is 64.2%.
Let's find the total cost of all the ingredients first. The cost of the ingredients was 63,440. Then, Nika used half of the ingredients to bake the products so we can calculate the cost of the products by dividing the cost of the ingredients by 2:
63,440 / 2 = 31,720
Then, Jin was able to sell all the products Nika made for 52,125. So, the margin of the products sold is the difference between the cost of the products and the amount sold:
52,125 - 31,720 = 20,405
Finally, to find the % Margin of the products sold for that day, we need to divide the margin by the cost of the products and multiply by 100:
20,405 / 31,720 x 100 = 64.2%
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California Products Company has the capability of producing and selling four products. Each product has an annual demand potential (at current pricing and promotion levels), a variable contribution, and an annual fixed cost. The fixed cost can be avoided if the product is not produced at all. This information is summarized as follows:Product IProduct JProduct KProduct LDemand290,000200,00050,00070,000Contribution$1.20$1.80$2.30$3.00Fixed Cost$60,000$200,000$55,000$210,000Each product requires work on three machines. The standard productivities and capacities are as follows:Hours per 1,000 unitsMachineProduct IProduct JProduct KProduct LHours availableA3.2053.8467.6923.221,900B2.7474.8086.414.1121,900C1.9233.2059.6152.8151,900(a) Formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. Determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations.
The MILP model can then be solved to determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations. The objective function is: Maximize Z = 1.20x1 + 1.80x2 + 2.30x3 + 3.00x4
We can formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, which seeks to maximize the contribution by finding an optimal production level of each product. The decision variables are xi, which represents the number of units of product i that should be produced (i=1,2,3,4, for products A, B, C, D, respectively). The objective function is:
Maximize Z = 1.20x1 + 1.80x2 + 2.30x3 + 3.00x4
subject to the following constraints:
A: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 290,000
B: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 200,000
C: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 50,000
D: x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 ≤ 70,000
E: 3.20x1 + 4.80x2 + 6.41x3 + 4.12x4 ≤ 1,900
F: 2.74x1 + 3.20x2 + 59.61x3 + 52.81x4 ≤ 1,900
G: 1.92x1 + 3.84x2 + 67.69x3 + 23.22x4 ≤ 1,900
H: x1, x2, x3, x4 ≥ 0
I: x1, x2, x3, x4 are integers
This MILP model can then be solved to determine which products should be produced, and how much of each should be produced, in order to maximize profit contribution from these operations.
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Suggest strategies to motivate employees using the Herzbergs twofactor theory. OR Assess ways in which you could use the jobcharacteristic model to motivate employees?
Herzberg's two-factor theory suggests that motivation is driven by two distinct factors: hygiene factors and motivators. Hygiene factors are related to job satisfaction and include job security, salary, working conditions, and relationships with co-workers and supervisors. Motivators are related to job performance and include responsibility, recognition, and achievement.
To motivate employees using the Herzbergs two-factor theory, managers should focus on providing meaningful work, giving recognition and rewards, and providing opportunities for growth, development, and advancement. Additionally, they should ensure that job security and working conditions are satisfactory, and foster positive relationships with co-workers and supervisors.
The job-characteristic model suggests that motivation can be increased by improving the job itself. This includes providing employees with autonomy, task identity, task significance, feedback, and skill variety.
Autonomy allows employees to have more control over their work, task identity allows employees to see the impact of their work, task significance allows employees to see how their work is important to the bigger picture, feedback gives employees recognition for their work, and skill variety allows employees to use different skills and capabilities. By providing these elements, managers can significantly improve employee motivation and performance.
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41. What are some characteristics of an effective manager?
The Statement of Retained Earnings should NOT include which of the following? Select one: a. Loans made to related corporations b. Ending retained earnings from the prior year c. Net income or loss for the current year d. Dividends declared in the current year
The Statement of Retained Earnings should NOT include loans made to related corporations. Alternative a. is correct.
The Statement of Retained Earnings is a financial statement that shows the changes in a company's retained earnings over a specific period of time. It typically includes the beginning retained earnings from the prior year, the net income or loss for the current year, and the dividends declared in the current year.
However, it does not include loans made to related corporations, as these are not considered part of the company's retained earnings.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a. Loans made to related corporations.
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Discuss the objectives of Research and the Research methodology
adopted in the Investigation on Airline service quality and
passenger satisfaction in the UAE with reference to Emirates
Airlines and Fl
The objective of the research on airline service quality and passenger satisfaction in the UAE with reference to Emirates Airlines and FlyDubai is to measure and analyze the level of satisfaction of passengers.
It also identify areas of improvement and determine what airlines can do to improve the overall quality of their services.
To achieve this objective, the research adopted a quantitative research methodology which involved the collection and analysis of both primary and secondary data.
Primary data was collected from a survey of Emirates Airlines and FlyDubai passengers, while secondary data was collected from the airlines’ websites and published sources.
The survey was conducted online, and respondents were asked to rate their overall satisfaction with the airline's services in different categories such as boarding, in-flight entertainment, cabin crew service, seat comfort, etc.
The collected data was then analyzed to determine the overall satisfaction level of passengers and identify areas of improvement.
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You work as a logistics director for an international mining equipment company. You coordinate the transportation and deployment of equipment for various mining sites around the world. You are reviewing global mining trends to better anticipate future needs. What is the trend in gold exploration?
As of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021, gold exploration was experiencing a steady upward trend.
Despite the pandemic-induced market uncertainty and economic downturn, gold prices surged to record levels in 2020 as investors sought safe haven assets amidst the uncertainty. This increase in demand for gold has driven exploration efforts in many parts of the world, with companies seeking to capitalize on the high prices by discovering new gold deposits.
In terms of geographic trends, the majority of gold exploration activity is concentrated in regions known for their gold reserves, such as the Americas, Australia, and Africa. In some cases, companies are exploring new regions or reviving old mines that were previously thought to be unviable due to low gold prices or other factors. In addition to traditional mining methods, companies are also exploring new technologies such as autonomous drilling and data analytics to optimize exploration efforts and increase efficiency. This is especially important given the rising costs of exploration and the need to balance profitability with sustainability.
Overall, while the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the mining industry, the trend in gold exploration remains positive as companies seek to meet the demand for this precious metal and capitalize on the high prices.
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1. You have just taken our a $28,000 car loan with a 6% APR, compounded monthly. The loan is for five years. When you make your first payment in one month, how much of the payment will go toward the principal of the loan and how much will go toward interest?
When you make your first payment $___________ will go toward the principal of the loan and $ _________ will go toward the interest.
2. You have found three investment choices for one-year deposit: 9.4% APR compounded monthly, 9.4% APR compounded annually, and 8.7% APR compounded daily. Compute the EAR for each investment choice. (Assume the there are 365 days in the year) (Note: not to around any intermediate steps less than six decimal places)
The EAR for the first investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
The EAR for the second investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
The EAR for the third investment choice is _____ % (Round to three decimal)
1. To find out how much of the first payment will go toward the principal and how much will go toward interest, we can use the following formula:
Monthly Payment = (Loan Amount * Monthly Interest Rate) / (1 - (1 + Monthly Interest Rate)^(-Number of Months))
Monthly Interest Rate = APR / 12 = 6% / 12 = 0.5%
Number of Months = 5 years * 12 months = 60 months
Monthly Payment = ($28,000 * 0.005) / (1 - (1 + 0.005)^(-60)) = $540.34
To find out how much of the first payment will go toward interest, we can multiply the loan amount by the monthly interest rate:
Interest Portion = Loan Amount * Monthly Interest Rate = $28,000 * 0.005 = $140
To find out how much of the first payment will go toward the principal, we can subtract the interest portion from the monthly payment:
Principal Portion = Monthly Payment - Interest Portion = $540.34 - $140 = $400.34
So, when you make your first payment, $400.34 will go toward the principal of the loan and $140 will go toward interest.
2. To compute the EAR for each investment choice, we can use the following formula:
EAR = (1 + APR / n)^n - 1
Where APR is the annual percentage rate and n is the number of compounding periods per year.
For the first investment choice, APR = 9.4% and n = 12 (compounded monthly):
EAR = (1 + 0.094 / 12)^12 - 1 = 0.0976 = 9.76%
For the second investment choice, APR = 9.4% and n = 1 (compounded annually):
EAR = (1 + 0.094 / 1)^1 - 1 = 0.094 = 9.4%
For the third investment choice, APR = 8.7% and n = 365 (compounded daily):
EAR = (1 + 0.087 / 365)^365 - 1 = 0.0907 = 9.07%
So, the EAR for the first investment choice is 9.76%, the EAR for the second investment choice is 9.4%, and the EAR for the third investment choice is 9.07%.
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When a company sells phones bundled with a one-year service contract, the portion of revenue allocated to the one-year service contract is recognized
Under the accrual accounting method, the portion of revenue allocated to the one-year service contract is recognized over the course of the contract period.
What is the accrual accounting method?The accrual accounting method is a widely used accounting method that recognizes revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid.
Typically, when a company sells phones bundled with a one-year service contract, the revenue from the sale is allocated between the phone and the service contract.
The portion of revenue allocated to the phone is recognized immediately upon the sale, while the portion of revenue allocated to the service contract is recognized over the course of the contract period, typically one year.
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Explain the term "balance of payment". list and discuss its components.
list the pros and cons of a current account deficit
The term "balance of payment" refers to the record of a country's transactions with the rest of the world. It is a summary of all the transactions that a country has made with other countries during a given period of time, usually one year. The balance of payment includes the following components:
1. Current Account: This includes transactions related to goods and services, income, and current transfers. It is the difference between a country's exports and imports.
2. Capital Account: This includes transactions related to the purchase and sale of assets, such as real estate, stocks, and bonds.
3. Financial Account: This includes transactions related to foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, and reserve assets.
A current account deficit occurs when a country imports more goods and services than it exports. This can have both pros and cons:
Pros:
- It can lead to an increase in domestic consumption and a higher standard of living.
- It can lead to an increase in investment and economic growth.
Cons:
- It can lead to an increase in foreign debt.
- It can lead to a decrease in the value of the domestic currency.
Overall, the balance of payment is an important indicator of a country's economic health and its relationship with the rest of the world. It is important for policymakers to carefully monitor and manage the balance of payment to ensure a stable and prosperous economy.
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Question: If a country or a company issues a bond with a negative interest rate that indicates that investors believe the bond is a good (i.e., reliable) store of value.
True /False
True
False
This given statement - 'If a country or a company issues a bond with a negative interest rate that indicates that investors believe the bond is a good (i.e., reliable) store of value' is False. A bond with a negative interest rate means that investors are essentially paying the issuer to hold their money.
This indicates that investors believe that the bond is a safer investment than other options, such as stocks or real estate, and are willing to pay for that security. However, it does not necessarily mean that the bond is a good store of value, as investors will actually lose money on the investment due to the negative interest rate.
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Briefly describe in your own words, five normalization
adjustments made to a private company’s earnings to translate to a
"reasonably well run, public company equivalent basis
The five types of normalization adjustments that can be made to a private company's earnings to translate them to a "reasonably well run, public company equivalent basis" are non-recurring expenses, owner's compensation, related-party transactions, non-operating assets, and non-operating expenses.
Normalization adjustments are made to a private company's earnings to translate them to a "reasonably well run, public company equivalent basis." These adjustments are made to provide a more accurate representation of a company's financial performance. There are several types of normalization adjustments that can be made, but five common ones are non-recurring expenses, owner's compensation, related-party transactions, non-operating assets, and non-operating expenses.
Non-recurring expenses are expenses that are not expected to occur again in the future, such as one-time legal fees or costs associated with a natural disaster. These expenses are removed from the company's earnings to provide a more accurate representation of its ongoing financial performance. Private companies often pay their owners a salary that is significantly higher or lower than what would be paid to a CEO of a comparable public company. This adjustment is made to reflect the owner's compensation that would be paid to a CEO of a reasonably well run, public company.Related-party transactions are transactions between the company and its owners or other related parties. These transactions are often not conducted at arm's length, and therefore may not reflect the true value of the goods or services exchanged. This adjustment is made to reflect the value that would be paid in an arm's length transaction.Non-operating assets are assets that are not necessary for the company's ongoing operations, such as excess cash or investments. These assets are removed from the company's earnings to provide a more accurate representation of its operating performance.Non-operating expenses are expenses that are not necessary for the company's ongoing operations, such as interest expense on excess cash or investments. These expenses are removed from the company's earnings to provide a more accurate representation of its operating performance.Learn more about Financial performance:
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Assume that the export price of a Toyota Corolla from Osaka, Japan is ¥2,150,000. The exchange rate is ¥87.60/$. The forecast rate of inflation in the United States is 2.2% per year and is 0.0% per year in Japan. Use this data to answer the following questions on exchange rate pass through.
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars $ ?( in 2 decimals).
2) Assuming purchasing power parity holds, the exchange rate at the end of the year will be ¥/$ ? ( in 2 decimals).
3) Assuming 100% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla be $ at the end of the year ?( in 2 decimals).
4) Assuming 75% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla be $ at the end of the year ? ( in 2 decimals).
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars is $24,543.38.
2) The exchange rate at the end of the year will be ¥89.54/$.
3) The dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year will be $24,008.30.
4) The dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year will be $24,380.97.
1) The export price for the Corolla at the beginning of the year expressed in U.S. dollars can be calculated by dividing the export price in Japanese yen by the exchange rate:
$2,150,000 / 87.60 = $24,543.38
2) Assuming purchasing power parity holds, the exchange rate at the end of the year will be equal to the initial exchange rate adjusted for the difference in inflation rates between the two countries:
87.60 * (1 + 0.022 - 0.000) = 89.54
3) Assuming 100% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year can be calculated by dividing the export price in Japanese yen by the new exchange rate:
$2,150,000 / 89.54 = $24,008.30
4) Assuming 75% pass-through of exchange rate, the dollar price of a Corolla at the end of the year can be calculated by multiplying the initial dollar price by the percentage change in the exchange rate and adding this to the initial dollar price:
$24,543.38 + ($24,543.38 * 0.75 * (89.54 - 87.60) / 87.60) = $24,380.97
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The following is the unadjusted Trial Balance of Mohammad Abdullah Electric Homes for the year ended December 31, 2021 Mohammad Abdullah Electric Homes December 31, 2021 Unadjusted Footprint Balance Cash $200,000 10,000 Accounts Receivable 1,000 Supplies Prepaid Insurance 12,000 Equipment 80,000 Accumulated depreciation-Equipment $5,000 15,000 Accounts payable Unearned service revenue 6,000 Loans payable 50,000 Owner's Equity 184,000 Owner's Drawings 2,000 Service Revenue 55,000 Wages expense 8,000 Cleaning costs 2,000 $315,000 $315,000 Other data: 1. Inventory on hand was disclosed on December 31, $300. 2. Prepaid insurance has been paid on July 1, 2021 for 12 months. 3. Interest expense on loan debt for the last 4 months. The quarterly interest rate is 3%. 4. Payroll expense per day is $500, December 31 is a Wednesday. Employees are paid on Monday for the previous 5-day work week. 5. One-third of unearned service fees have been earned. Requirements: a) Make adjusting entries for the year ended December 31, 2021. [5] b) Complete the worksheet for the year ended December 31, 2021.
To adjust the accounts in the unadjusted trial balance, we need to make adjusting entries for the prepaid insurance, unearned service revenue, loan payable, wages expense, and inventory. After completing the worksheet and entering the adjusting entries, the adjusted trial balance shows a net income of $47,950 for the year ended December 31, 2021.
a) To make adjusting entries for the year ended December 31, 2021, we need to adjust the accounts listed in the unadjusted trial balance.
1. To adjust the prepaid insurance, we need to record the expired insurance by debiting Prepaid Insurance for $10,000 and crediting Insurance Expense for the same amount.
2. To adjust the unearned service revenue, we need to recognize the earned revenue by debiting Service Revenue for $4,000 and crediting Unearned Service Revenue for the same amount.
3. To adjust the loan payable, we need to recognize the accrued interest expense by debiting Interest Expense for $1,200 and crediting Loan Payable for the same amount.
4. To adjust the wages expense, we need to recognize the accrued wages expense by debiting Wages Expense for $250 and crediting Accrued Wages Payable for the same amount.
5. To adjust the inventory, we need to recognize the cost of goods sold by debiting Cost of Goods Sold for $300 and crediting Inventory for the same amount.
b) Completing the worksheet for the year ended December 31, 2021 requires us to enter the adjusting entries from above and calculate the net income.
The adjusted trial balance will be as follows:
Cash: $200,000
Accounts Receivable: $1,000
Supplies: $10,000
Prepaid Insurance: $2,000
Equipment: $80,000
Accumulated Depreciation - Equipment: $20,000
Accounts Payable: $6,000
Unearned Service Revenue: $2,000
Loans Payable: $50,000
Owner's Equity: $184,000
Owner's Drawings: $2,000
Service Revenue: $59,000
Wages Expense: $8,250
Cleaning Costs: $2,000
Interest Expense: $1,200
Accrued Wages Payable: $250
Inventory: $0
Cost of Goods Sold: $300
Net Income = $59,000 - $8,250 - $2,000 - $1,200 + $250 - $300 = $47,950
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I need to Evaluate Home depot 2017 economic conditions that influence company performance. Consider political, environmental, currency (money), global economics, and government influences on economic conditions.
To evaluate Home Depot's 2017 economic conditions that influenced company performance, it is important to consider the political, environmental, currency (money), global economics, and government influences on economic conditions.
Political Influence: Home Depot's 2017 financial performance was largely impacted by the political environment in the United States. This year saw the U.S. federal government pass a new tax law, which caused an overall increase in consumer spending, which in turn increased the demand for home improvement supplies and boosted Home Depot's profits.
Environmental Influence: Home Depot also benefited from a milder than expected winter, which allowed for a longer sales season and increased demand for home improvement supplies.
Currency Influence: Home Depot also had to contend with the U.S. dollar's strength against other currencies, which reduced the price of some of its imported materials, thus increasing its profits.
Global Economics Influence: Home Depot also had to account for the increasing global demand for its products, which it was able to capitalize on by expanding its product lines and entering new markets.
Government Influence: Home Depot also had to take into account the actions of the U.S. government, such as increased tariffs and regulations, which had an impact on the cost of its products.
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PLEASE HELPP
What is the basic sequence of events in the design process?
Create a prototype, collect customer feedback, order raw materials
Purchase equipment, hire staff, begin production
Determine characteristics of product, create a prototype, create a technical plan
Order raw materials, create proprietary software, assemble prototype
The typical fundamental order of events in the design process is as follows: Determining the issue or need, accumulating data and needs
What is the basic sequence of events in the design process?Generating a thorough design strategy, coming up with a prototype, testing it, making adjustments, and then putting the finishing touches on the project.
To better understand the needs and limitations for the solution, the problem or need must first be recognized and information must be obtained. Afterwards, a preferred solution is chosen after considering a variety of options. The qualities and technical requirements of the product are then outlined in a thorough design plan.
The next step is to create and test a prototype, iterating the design as necessary in response to user feedback. The product is then created, delivered, and sold to consumers.
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If a firm can lease a machine for 65000 taka per month basis for 3 years whereas the same machine could be bought for 3 million taka and financed at 12% for three years and then sold it for 1 million taka. Which one should the firm do? Buy or lease?
In the given case, the firm should choose to lease the machine rather than buy it.
The firm should compare the total cost of leasing the machine and the total cost of buying the machine to determine which one is the better option.
The total cost of leasing the machine for 3 years is:
65000 taka/month × 12 months/year × 3 years = 2340000 taka
The total cost of buying the machine is the initial cost plus the interest paid on the loan minus the resale value of the machine:
3000000 taka + (3000000 taka × 12% × 3 years) - 1000000 taka = 3160000 taka
Comparing the two costs, we can see that the total cost of leasing the machine (2340000 taka) is less than the total cost of buying the machine (3160000 taka). Therefore, the firm should choose to lease the machine rather than buy it.
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What are the five specific benefits discussed in chapter 1? How can
each benefit help
you become better at problem solving
The five specific benefits discussed in chapter 1 are:
1. Improved creativity
2. Better decision making
3. Greater self-awareness
4. Enhanced resilience
5. Increased adaptability
Each of these benefits can help you become better at problem solving in the following ways:
1. Improved creativity: By enhancing your creativity, you will be able to come up with more innovative solutions to problems.
2. Better decision making: With better decision making skills, you will be able to make more informed and effective choices when faced with a problem.
3. Greater self-awareness: By becoming more self-aware, you will be able to recognize your own biases and limitations, which can help you avoid making mistakes when solving problems.
4. Enhanced resilience: By building resilience, you will be able to bounce back from setbacks and keep working towards a solution even when faced with obstacles.
5. Increased adaptability: By becoming more adaptable, you will be able to adjust your approach to problem solving as needed and be more flexible in the face of changing circumstances.
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