The Thukela Water Management Area, whose water source is in the Drakensberg region, includes the Buffalo River (BR) catchment as a sub-catchment.
The current study's case study catchment was the Buffalo River in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. This river has few tributaries, a maximum order of 4 (Strahler, 1957), and is rather short (125 km from headwaters to sea). Although it rains throughout the year, the majority of it falls in the summer and there is a sharp gradient in rainfall between the upper (1500-2000 mm) and middle (500- 625 mm) reaches. The river has four impoundments: Maden and Rooikrans dams in the top catchment, the larger Laing Dam and Bridle Drift Dam in the middle and lower catchments, and Maden and Rooikrans dams in the lower catchment.
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outline the negative impact of drought on the farmers of South Africa
Answer: attach an image to help
Explanation:
Paragraph 4: What is the relationship between Climate change and the regularity of droughts
Answer:How climate change contributes to drought
Explanation:
Warmer temperatures enhance evaporation, which reduces surface water and dries out soils and vegetation. This makes periods with low precipitation drier than they would be in cooler conditions. Climate change is also altering the timing of water availability.
Background information about an area of study. Explain where the study area is located (eg. Map of Asia indicating India) Describe India in terms of its exact position (degrees, minutes and seconds) Describe physical factors in the study area (India) eg. biodiversity (vegetation types wild flors and fauna) and demographic and related social aspects)
India is a country situated in South Asia, accompanying a field of nearly 3.3 heap square kilometers.
What is its territorial region?Its terrestrial matches are 'tween 8° 4' and 37° 6' North freedom, and 68° 7' and 97° 25' East distance. India is adjoined by apiece Bay of Bengal to the orient, the Arabian Sea to the west, and the Indian Ocean to the on west side when facing north.
The country is popular for allure different terrain, containing the Himalayan mountain system in the northward, the Thar Desert in the west, and the Deccan Plateau in the cold.
India is home to a roomy range of vegetation and animal world, accompanying miscellaneous vegetation types in the way that lush rainforests, mangroves, and mountaintop thickets, and a various range of being, containing tigers, mastodons, and monkeys. India has a culture of over 1.3 billion nation, accompanying various semantic, educational, and scrupulous societies.
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is Development has Increased the quality of life for many Brazilians a cost or benefit
The development has increased the quality of life of many Brazilians, being seen as a benefit for the country.
What generates development in a country?
The economic growth that is caused by a series of political and social measures capable of attracting investment to a country, supporting entrepreneurship, education, job creation and local infrastructure, generating heating of the economy, better quality of life and economic development and social.
Therefore, when a country like Brazil presents economic and social development indices, this corresponds to benefits for the population, such as increased living standards, greater access to factors such as education, health, employment, etc.
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what historical events happened in 1980
Answer:
Here are some significant historical events that happened in 1980:
Explanation:
The United States boycotted the Moscow Summer Olympics in protest of the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan.
Ronald Reagan defeated incumbent President Jimmy Carter in the U.S. Presidential election.
Mount St. Helens in Washington state erupted, killing 57 people and causing significant damage to the surrounding area.
Iraq invaded Iran, sparking a war that lasted eight years.
John Lennon was assassinated outside his apartment in New York City.
The Solidarity movement in Poland led by Lech Walesa emerged, challenging the Communist government.
The Iran Hostage Crisis continued, with 52 American hostages held in Iran for over a year.
The Rubik's Cube became a worldwide sensation after it was invented by Hungarian architect Erno Rubik.
The U.S. government established the Superfund program to clean up hazardous waste sites.
Ted Turner's Cable News Network (CNN) launched, revolutionizing 24-hour news coverage.
how to minimise the impact of tropical cyclone freddy on mozambique
Tropical cyclones can have devastating impacts on communities, infrastructure, and the environment. Here are some general steps that can be taken to minimize the impact of a tropical cyclone like Freddy on Mozambique:
Early Warning Systems: Establish a reliable and effective early warning system to alert people of the impending cyclone. This includes monitoring weather patterns, issuing timely warnings, and evacuation plans.Preparedness: Educate and prepare communities about the risks and impacts of a tropical cyclone. This includes providing information about evacuation procedures, emergency shelters, and disaster kits.Infrastructure Planning: Implement infrastructure planning and design that takes into account the potential impacts of tropical cyclones, such as designing buildings that are resistant to strong winds and flooding.Emergency Response: Have a well-coordinated emergency response plan in place that includes a clear chain of command and designated roles and responsibilities for all involved.Post-Cyclone Recovery: Implement post-cyclone recovery measures, such as debris removal, rehabilitation of infrastructure, and psychosocial support for affected communities.In addition to these general steps, some specific actions that can be taken to minimize the impact of Tropical Cyclone Freddy on Mozambique include:
Evacuating people from areas that are likely to be affected by the cyclone, especially those in low-lying areas or near the coast.Strengthening existing infrastructure, such as buildings, roads, and bridges, to make them more resilient to strong winds and flooding.Pre-positioning emergency supplies, such as food, water, and medical supplies, in strategic locations before the cyclone hits.Coordinating with international organizations and neighboring countries to provide assistance and support during and after the cyclone.These are some of the general and specific steps that can be taken to minimize the impact of a tropical cyclone like Freddy on Mozambique. However, it is important to note that the specific actions taken will depend on the severity and location of the cyclone, as well as the resources available to respond to it. It is crucial to have a comprehensive and well-coordinated disaster management plan in place that takes into account the specific needs and vulnerabilities of the affected population.
Hope that helps! Good luck! :)
. Please calculate the confidence interval based on the conditions below
With 90% confidence, we can say that the true population mean is between 11.448 miles and 12.552 miles.
How to explain the confidence intervalConfidence interval = sample mean ± margin of error
The margin of error is determined by the sample size, the standard deviation, and the level of confidence.
Standard error = population standard deviation / √sample size
Standard error = 3 / √80 ≈ 0.3354
Confidence interval = sample mean ± margin of error
Confidence interval = 12 ± 0.552
Confidence interval = (11.448, 12.552)
Therefore, with 90% confidence, we can say that the true population mean is between 11.448 miles and 12.552 miles.
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aph 3: What precautions can be implemented/ or has been implemented to reduce the impact of the tropical cyclone. Refer to: The local residents
Answer:
Preferably fit shutters, or at least metal screens, to all glass areas. Clear your property of loose material that could blow about and possibly cause injury or damage during extreme winds. In case of a storm surge/tide warning, or other flooding, know your nearest safe high ground and the safest access route to it.
Explanation:
why can you only only photograph a lunar eclipse somtimes
Look at the description of the Sherburne. How was the distance to/ from the shore of the sea changing in the area as the Sherburne was being deposited?
Why are there no fossil ferns or primitive pine trees
Answer from your tutor:
The Sherburne formation is starting to become sandier the closer you get to the top because the shore is starting to transition to sandstone.
How did the distance to/from the shore change as Sherburne was deposited?The Sherburne formation refers to sequence of sedimentary rocks that was deposited in the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Montana and Wyoming which is thought to have been deposited in a shallow marine environment with the shoreline fluctuating over time.
As the Sherburne was being deposited, the distance to/from the shore of the sea was changing in the area. At the bottom of the formation, the sediment is composed of finer-grained rocks such as shale and mudstone which indicate a more offshore environment.
But as you move up the formation, the sediment becomes coarser with the sandstone and conglomerate becoming more prevalent which suggests that the shoreline was moving closer and the area was becoming shallower.
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a place or community that is experiencing Drought and Desertification
Answer:
Las Vegas, Albuquerque, Chihuahua, El Salvador or El Calafate, the Gobi desert, Kalahari desert
Explanation:
affected and they have probably reached a point of no return
✓ Question Completion Status:
QUESTION 1
Which of the following is not a factor that has encouraged globalization?
Answer:
Explanation:
Isolationism
The option that is not a factor that encouraged globalization is B. Increased business costs.
What led to globalization ?Globalization is the process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among people, businesses, and countries around the world. Technological advances have been a major factor in facilitating globalization by making communication, transportation, and information exchange easier and faster.
The quest for global markets associated with capitalism has also been a driving force behind globalization, as companies seek to expand their customer base and increase profits.
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The full question is:
Which of the following is not a factor that has encouraged globalization? A) Technological advances B) Increased business costs C) The quest for global markets associated with capitalism D) An increase in the flows of financial capital
What conditions would are more hazardous to the coast, a hurricane surge during high tide or a tsunami. Why one would be more hazardous than the other or both are similarly destructive?
Both a hurricane surge during high tide and a tsunami can be extremely hazardous to the coast, but there are some differences in terms of the conditions that make them more destructive.
A hurricane surge occurs when a large volume of ocean water is pushed onto shore by a hurricane or tropical storm. The severity of the surge depends on the strength of the storm and the geography of the coastline. If a hurricane surge occurs during high tide, it can lead to a much higher water level than if it occurred during low tide. This can lead to more flooding and more damage to coastal structures.
On the other hand, a tsunami is a series of ocean waves caused by an underwater earthquake, landslide, or other event. Tsunamis can be incredibly destructive because they can travel across entire ocean basins and can retain their energy as they approach shore. The severity of the tsunami depends on the size of the earthquake or event that caused it, the distance from the event to the coast, and the geography of the coastline. In general, a tsunami can be much more powerful and destructive than a hurricane surge.
Therefore, both a hurricane surge during high tide and a tsunami can be hazardous to the coast, but a tsunami can be more destructive due to its potential for greater power and reach.
Which is not a vector
Answer:
which one
Explanation:
background information about area of study with poor service delivery: explain where in Polokwane the study area is located
The study area with poor service delivery is located in the city of Polokwane and Polokwane city is located in Limpopo Province of South Africa
The city is the capital of the province and is one of the largest urban areas in the region.
Polokwane has a diverse population, with a mix of different ethnicities and cultures.
Specifically, it is situated in one of the low-income suburbs in the southern part of the city.
This area is characterized by informal settlements, high unemployment rates, and inadequate service delivery.
In recent years, the area has experienced significant population growth due to migration from rural areas and other parts of the country.
This has put pressure on the existing infrastructure, leading to a range of service delivery challenges.
Residents in the area struggle with issues such as poor sanitation, inadequate housing, limited access to healthcare, and unreliable public transport.
The local government has implemented various initiatives aimed at improving service delivery in the area, such as the construction of new housing developments, upgrading of road networks, and provision of basic services such as water and electricity. However, these efforts have been inadequate to meet the needs of the growing population, and much more needs to be done to address the service delivery challenges in the area.
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why can category 1 of tropical cyclones be more destructive than category 3
Answer: Rain and flooding
Explanation: The category has to do with wind speed of the circling winds - not how fast it is traveling. If a Cat 1 goes slowly and dumps a lot of rain on a large populated area, flooding can do more damage than high winds.
Scientists discover a sample of sedimentary rock on the seafloor that contains an oxide layer. How does a sample of this rock provide evidence of how photosynthetic organisms have affected other Earth systems?
A
Photosynthetic organisms gradually weathered the rock into sediments over time.
B
Photosynthetic organisms in the water reacted with the rock, changing its composition.
C
Oxygen from photosynthetic organisms reacted with elements in ocean water, ending up in seafloor sediments.
D
Carbon dioxide from photosynthetic organisms reacted with elements in ocean water, ending up in seafloor sediments.
The way evidence will be provided is C. Oxygen from photosynthetic organisms reacted with elements in ocean water, ending up in seafloor sediments.
What is the oxide layer ?The sedimentary rock likely houses an oxidative layer, created from iron-oxide arising from the amalgamation of oxygen and minerals high in iron.
This serves as a reminder of photosynthesis – how life forms using this process administrated the rise of oxygen levels not only in atmospheres, but further exhibited within oceanic bodies as well. Truly, this advancements constituted a remarkable effect on living creatures evolving within Earth.
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Pls help ASAP for school
The amusement park ride that utilizes the principle of higher elevation creating pressure to push water down hill, is called a log flume.
What happens in this ride ?This water-themed ride consists of a trough that is typically made of fiberglass, or concrete. This vessel is filled with water and contains various drops, curves, and hills throughout its course to entertain amusement park visitors.
Passengers embark on the journey aboard log-shaped boats, propelling forward through the flow of water. When ascending towards the peak of a hill, the boat’s newfound height inflicts pressure which pushes it downwards; as a result, when it comes back up, it's propelled upwards again. The overall experience provides riders with an enjoyable thrill.
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describe that raw materials from farming and fishery help to generate revenues
Answer:
Explanation:
Raw materials from farming and fishery are essential for many industries, including food and beverage production, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. These raw materials include crops, livestock, and fish that are grown, raised, or caught by farmers and fishermen.
Farming and fishery industries provide the raw materials that are used to produce a wide variety of products, which in turn generate revenue. For example, crops like wheat, corn, and rice are used to make flour, cereals, and other food products, which are sold to consumers and generate revenue for the companies that produce them. Livestock such as cows, pigs, and chickens are raised for meat, dairy, and egg production, which also generates revenue.
Similarly, fish caught by fishermen are used to produce a wide range of products such as canned fish, fish oil, and fish meal, which are used in animal feed, pet food, and other products. These products generate revenue for the companies that produce them.
Moreover, raw materials from farming and fishery also help to support local and national economies. For example, in many countries, agriculture and fishing are major sources of employment and income for rural communities. The sale of raw materials from farming and fishery generates revenue for these communities and contributes to the growth of the local economy.
Overall, the raw materials from farming and fishery play a crucial role in generating revenue for industries and supporting local and national economies.
What type of thermal energy is the result of molecules colliding
heat energy
Explanation:
Conduction is the process which heat energy is transmitted through collisions between neighboring atoms of molecules
The photograph best supports which details from into the unknown
The photograph best supports the detail from Into the Unknown by Stewart Ross: "David Livingstone was the first Westerner to see Victoria Falls, which he named after Queen Victoria." (Option B)
Who is David Livingstone?David Livingstone FRGS FRS was a Scottish physician, Congregationalist, and pioneer Christian missionary with the London Missionary Society, an African explorer, and one of the most popular British heroes of the late Victorian era.
David Livingstone was the first European to witness the Victoria Falls (on the border of current Zambia and Zimbabwe) in 1855, and he named them after Queen Victoria. During the same journey, he became the first European to span the width of Africa. His insights and efforts had a significant impact on Western ideas regarding Africa.
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Full Question:
The photograph best supports which detail from Into the Unknown by Stewart Ross?
David Livingstone made the first recorded east-west journey across Africa.
David Livingstone was the first Westerner to see Victoria Falls, which he named after Queen Victoria.
The Zambezi River turned out to be shallower than David Livingstone had anticipated.
The crew faced many challenges such as extreme heat, malaria, and cockroaches.
Describe three characteristics of the crust
Three characteristics of the crust include;
Compose of solid rock Less dense than oceanic crust Undergoes tectonic activity How can the crust be described ?The Earth's crust consists mainly of firm rock and minerals, including basalt and granite. This layer is the thinnest amongst all three comprising layers of our planet, having a thickness ranging from 5-70 kilometers.
There are two types primarily that make up this crust - oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust has an average density approximating 3.0 g/cm³ in contrast to continental crust being less dense with an average density of about 2.7 g/cm³. The movement of the earth's plates (tectonic activity) constantly shifts the crust, leading it to face geological events like earthquakes, volcanoes, etc.
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On a map with a scale of 1:62,500, a measured distance of 4.5 inches represents an actual distance of
On a map with a scale of 1:62,500 , a measured distance of 4.5 inche represents an actual distance of 0.067 miles.
What is the formula for this?
Actual distance = map distance / scale
So
4.5 inches ÷ 12 inches per foot ÷ 5280 feet per mile = 0.000066288 miles
Actual distance = 0.000066288 miles ÷ 1:62,500
Actual distance = 0.000066288 miles ÷ 0.9864 miles per inch
= 0.067172 Miles.
Actual distance ≈ 0.067172 Miles.
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what is the smallest country in the world
The smallest country in the world is Vatican City, with a landmass of just 0.49 square kilometers (0.19 square miles). Vatican City is an independent state surrounded by Rome
what is the types of tourist attraction sites in ethiopia?
Help me write a research proposal Title: "Freshwater fish pond in a school" (include sources and citations)
Answer:
Introduction:
Freshwater fish ponds are an effective way to introduce aquaculture to schools. Schools can use the pond for teaching biology, ecology, and other sciences, while providing a source of fresh fish for the school cafeteria or local community. This research proposal aims to investigate the feasibility of establishing a freshwater fish pond in a school setting, and to assess the educational and nutritional benefits of such a project.
Literature Review:
Fish ponds have been successfully used in schools in various countries as an educational tool, and to provide a source of nutritious food for students and staff. Studies have shown that fish ponds in schools can improve students' attitudes towards science and the environment, and increase their interest in aquaculture (Wu et al., 2017). Moreover, incorporating fish ponds into the school curriculum has been found to increase students' awareness of the importance of freshwater resources and their conservation (Griffiths et al., 2016).
Research Questions:
Is it feasible to establish a freshwater fish pond in a school setting?
What are the educational benefits of having a fish pond in a school?
What are the nutritional benefits of having a fish pond in a school?
Methodology:
This research proposal will use a mixed-methods approach to investigate the research questions. The feasibility of establishing a fish pond in a school setting will be assessed through site visits, interviews with school officials, and cost analysis. The educational and nutritional benefits will be assessed through surveys and focus groups with students and staff.
Data Analysis:
The data collected will be analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The feasibility data will be analyzed using cost-benefit analysis, while the educational and nutritional benefits data will be analyzed using content analysis and statistical analysis.
Expected Outcomes:
The expected outcomes of this research proposal include a feasibility report, a list of educational and nutritional benefits of a freshwater fish pond in a school setting, and recommendations for schools interested in implementing a similar project.
Conclusion:
The establishment of a freshwater fish pond in a school setting can provide numerous educational and nutritional benefits. This research proposal aims to investigate the feasibility of such a project, and to provide evidence of its benefits for schools interested in implementing a similar initiative.
Explanation:
Provide relevant information about the area, in polokwane
Answer:
Polokwane is now a centre of trade for the surrounding agricultural area, which produces potatoes, alfalfa (lucerne), garlic, corn (maize), sorghum, peanuts (groundnuts), and fruits and includes some of the finest cattle ranches in South Africa. It is the largest urban area in Limpopo province and is an educational centre.
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is The loss of natural habitat for animals and insects cost or benefit
The loss of natural habitat for animals and insects is cost because it is like a danger to the ecosystem .
What is the effect of habitat loss?Habitat loss, can be described as the removal of plants as well as the trees that helps in the process of the stabilizatio of the soil, which bring about the increase in the erosion, as well as fading away the nutrient levels in terrestrial ecosystems.
It should be noted that this can bring about the decrease agricultural productivity. and can bring about the biodiversity as well as negatively impact the ecosystem
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Why is specialization a common result of free trade?
A. Worker safety agreements encourage production that uses skilled
labor.
B. Competition encourages countries to specialize in what they do
best.
C. Trade agreements determine what each country must produce.
D. Loss of import tax revenues forces countries to limit what they
manufacture.
Free trade frequently leads to specialisation because it encourages nations to concentrate on providing the commodities and services that they are best fitted to produce. Option B. B. Competition encourages countries to specialize in what they do best. is correct.
Countries might specialise in the production of goods and services where they have a comparative advantage, i.e., where they can produce at a lower opportunity cost relative to other countries, when they can trade freely with one another.
For instance, a nation with an abundance of natural resources can be known for manufacturing raw materials, but a nation with a highly educated workforce might be known for generating high-tech goods. Specialisation in certain fields boosts productivity and efficiency, which ultimately lowers costs for consumers. All free trade participants can gain from this.
As a result, specialisation is crucial to free trade since it enables nations to concentrate on their advantages and increase their economic production.
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evaluate the essence of counter arguments by people who believe that such pollution on Berg River do not exist as well as the communities along berg river
Note that the argument is wrong. Nowadays, the Berg River is influenced by both diffuse pollution from agricultural run-off and point-source pollution from urban and industrial effluent.
How is this so?Nowadays, the Berg River is influenced by both diffuse pollution from agricultural run-off and point-source pollution from urban and industrial effluent. The building of a dam on the Berg River's headwaters in 2007 and other impoundments altered the hydrology of the upper basin.
The Berg has the greatest reported density of shorebirds on Africa's West Coast and sustains nationally significant populations of numerous species.
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