Scientists in their order of discoveries are Robert Boyle,Hennig Brand, Lothar Meyer,Sir William Ramsay,Marie Curie,John Newlands,Glenn Seaborg,Ernest Rutherford, Dimitri Mendeleev,J.J Thomson.
Who are scientists?A scientist is a person who researches to advance knowledge in an area of the natural sciences.
In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engaged in the philosophical study of nature called natural philosophy, a precursor of natural science.Though Thales (circa 624–545 BC) was arguably the first scientist for describing how cosmic events may be seen as natural, not necessarily caused by gods.
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Determine the mass of silver chloride precipitated when 2g of sodium chloride solution react with silver trioxonitrate (v) solution. (Ag=108, N=14, O=16, Na =23, Cl=35.5)
The mass of silver chloride precipitated when 2g of sodium chloride solution reacted with silver trioxonitrate (v) solution is 4.88g.
Let us discuss this in detail,
The balanced equation of the reaction of sodium chloride and silver trioxonitrate is
2AgNO3 + 2NaCl → 2AgCl + 2NaNO3
From the equation, 2 moles of silver chloride are produced for every 2 moles of sodium chloride.
No.of moles in 2g sodium chloride solution
moles = mass / molar mass
The molar mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) is:
Na = 23 g/mol
Cl = 35.5 g/mol
Molar mass of NaCl = Na + Cl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol
by using the above formula
moles of NaCl = 2g / 58.5 g/mol = 0.034 moles
The molar mass of AgCl is:
Ag = 108 g/mol
Cl = 35.5 g/mol
Molar mass of AgCl = Ag + Cl = 108 + 35.5 = 143.5 g/mol
Using the formula:
mass = moles x molar mass
The mass of AgCl is:
mass of AgCl = 0.034 moles x 143.5 g/mol = 4.88 g
The mass of silver chloride precipitated when 2g of sodium chloride solution reacted with silver trioxonitrate (v) solution is 4.88g.
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Calculate the pH at the equivalence point in titrating 0. 100 M
solution of HBr with 0. 080 M NaOH:
The pH at the equivalence point in titrating the 0. 100 M solution of HBr with 0. 080 M NaOH is 7.
The Concentration of the HBr = 0.100 M
The Concentration of the NaOH = 0.080 M
The chemical equation is as follows :
HBr + NaOH → NaBr + H₂O
The HBr is the strong acid, and the NaOH is the strong base. When the strong acid is titrated with the strong base, then an equivalence point is always be obtained at the pH = 7.0.
Thus, the pH at the equivalence point in titrating the 0. 100 M solution HBr is the 7.0.
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Which is not a general adaptation?
A. Camouflage.
B. Legs for walking.
C. Wings for flying.
D. Streamlined shape to reduce friction.
Camouflage is not a general adaptation which is therefore denoted as option A.
What is an Adaptation?This is referred to as any heritable trait that helps an organism, such as a plant or animal, survive and reproduce in its environment.
It is also called cryptic coloration, is a defense or tactic that organisms use to disguise their appearance, usually to blend in with their surroundings. Organisms use camouflage to mask their location, identity, and movement and it used by most prey to avoid predators, and for predators to sneak up on prey.
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SCIENCE QUESTION GRADE 7 PLEASE HELP ME WITH IT ANSWER #8 BUT IF YOU CAN ANSWER ALL OF THEM AT ONCE, ONLY TELL ME WHAT QUESTION YOU DID: THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!!!!!!!!!
The mechanism which is put forward by Darwin for the evolution is called the natural selection. It is also sometimes defined as the ecological selection.
What is natural selection?According to Darwin's theory of natural selection the individuals with adaptive traits, that is the traits which give them some advantage are more likely to survive and reproduce. These individuals then pass the adaptive traits to produce new offspring.
Darwin found two types of tortoise in the Galapagos island. The saddle back tortoises had shells that rise in front like a saddle. This adaptation makes them easier to live in area of low vegetation whereas Dome shaped tortoise lived in abundance of vegetation.
Similarly he noticed difference in the shape and size of beaks. Large billed finches feed on large seeds whereas small billed finches feed on soft seeds.
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I need help with this problem
Ionic bonds are formed by I and V
How are ionic bonds formed?Ionic bonds are formed between two atoms or ions with opposite charges. One atom or ion donates one or more electrons to the other atom or ion, which accepts the electrons, resulting in the formation of an ionic compound.
Ionic bonding typically occurs between a metal and a non-metal, although there are exceptions. Metals tend to lose one or more electrons to become positively charged cations, while non-metals tend to gain one or more electrons to become negatively charged anions.
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Which set of variables when taken together will result in the
highest pressure?
The variables which when taken together will result in the highest pressure are increased temperature and number of moles.
What are variables?Variables are defined as any characteristics, number or quantity which can be measured . It can also be called as a data item . It is called as variable because they can vary and can have variety of values.
There are three types of variables 1) manipulated variable where in a condition is specified, 2) responding variable which is dependent on manipulated variable 3)controlled variable which do not change
Example of manipulated variables are number of hours spent by a student studying , that of responding variable is result of a student and temperature is an example of controlled variable.
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Predict what will happen to reaction rates in the following scenarios and explain why!
1. You heat up a test tube containing reacting Magnesium metal and Hydrochloric acid. this reaction rate will...
2. You decrease the pressure in a syringe containing reacting Sodium chloride and Silver nitrate. This reaction rate will...
Answer:
1. Heating up a test tube containing reacting Magnesium metal and Hydrochloric acid will increase the reaction rate. This is because heating increases the kinetic energy of the reactant particles, making them move faster and collide more frequently and with greater energy. The increased frequency and energy of collisions will result in a higher rate of successful collisions, leading to a faster reaction.
2. Decreasing the pressure in a syringe containing reacting Sodium chloride and Silver nitrate will not have any significant effect on the reaction rate. This is because the reaction rate is determined by the concentration of the reactants, not the pressure. Lowering the pressure will cause the gases to expand, but it will not affect the concentration of the reactants or the frequency of their collisions. Therefore, the reaction rate will remain unchanged.
Explanation:
What happens to most embryos with extra chromosomes? Explain your answer.
Answer:
an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome (trisomy 21).Explanation:
Chromosomal abnormalities can also cause miscarriage, disease, or problems in growth or development. - hope this helped <3
How many grams of ice at −15◦C must be
added to 30 grams of water at 45◦C to result
in ONLY liquid water at exactly 0◦C?
1. 17.0 g
2. 13.7 g
3. 15.5 g
4. 19.2 g
5. 21.1 g
Explanation:
Refer to pic...........
.
A 6. 35 6. 35 g sample of calcium sulfide was decomposed into its constituent elements, producing 3. 53 3. 53 g of calcium and 2. 82 2. 82 g of sulfur. Which of the statements are consistent with the law of constant composition (definite proportions)?
Experimental evidence shows that the mass ratio of S to Ca is always approximately 0.8 in calcium sulfide, indicating that the compound follows the law of constant composition. option c is correct.
To determine if the given statement is consistent with the law of constant composition (definite proportions),
we need to calculate the mass ratio of S to Ca in the 6.59 g sample of calcium sulfide and see if it matches the mass ratio in any other sample of calcium sulfide.
The mass of sulfur in the sample is 2.93 g and
the mass of calcium is 3.66 g,
so the mass ratio of S to Ca in the sample is:
2.93 g S / 3.66 g Ca = 0.799
This is very close to the given mass ratio of 0.80.
However, to determine if the statement is consistent with the law of constant composition,
we need to check if the mass ratio of S to Ca is the same in every sample of calcium sulfide.
If the mass ratio of S to Ca is the same in every sample of calcium sulfide, then the statement is consistent with the law of constant composition.
If the mass ratio varies from sample to sample,
then the statement is not consistent with the law of constant composition.
Therefore, the given statement is consistent with the law of constant composition (definite proportions).
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Note: The complete question would be as bellow,
A 6.59g sample of calcium sulfide was decomposed into its constituent elements, producing 3.66g of calcium and 2.93g of sulfur. Which of the statements are consistent with the law of constant composition (definite proportions)?
a)Every sample of calcium sulfide will have 44.4% mass of sulfur.
b)The mass percentage of calcium plus the mass percentage of sulfur in every sample of calcium sulfide equals 100%.
c)The mass ratio of S to Ca in every sample of calcium sulfide is 0.80.
Balance the following reaction. Choose “blank” if no coefficient is needed.
C^2H^5 + O^2 ➡️CO^2 + H^2O
Answer:
Explanation:
4 C2H5 + 11 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 10 H2O
A cool water sample absorbed 3,135 J of
energy from hot metal. The temperature
of the 63.0 g piece of metal changed
from 382 °C to 20.0 °C. What is the
specific heat of the metal?
Cmetal = [?] °C
qH20 3,135 J
=
Romomber
Answer:0.137
Explanation:
How many grams of magnesium are needed to produce 100 grams of hydrogen?
Estimate the volume of a piece of molecular cloud that has the same amount of water as your body. Estimate the volume of a piece of molecular cloud that has the same amount of water as your body. Vcloud= 1. 6×1029 cm3 vcloud= 1. 6×1031 cm3 vcloud= 1. 6×1033 cm3 vcloud= 1. 6×1035 cm3
The volume of a piece of molecular cloud that has the same amount of water as your body is [tex]1.6 * 10^31 cm^3.[/tex]
It is said that the water molecules in our body are a part of molecular cloud and its mass density = [tex]3.5*10^{-21} g/cm^3[/tex]
Let the Mass of Water in Body = Mb
We want to find the volume of a piece of molecular cloud(vcloud) with the same amount of water as the body.
We know that the mass of any object is equal to the product of its volume and density.
Therefore, Mb = vcloud x ρcloud
Given that Mb is equal to the mass of water in a person's body (which can be estimated at between 40-70 kg).
It is given that only one millionth of the mass of a molecular cloud is in the form of water molecules.
Then vcloud = [tex](40 * 10^3g) * 10^6/(3.5*10^{-21} g/cm^3)[/tex]
vcloud =[tex]1.6 * 10^{31} cm^3[/tex]
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complete question: The water molecules now in your body were once part of a molecular cloud. Only about one millionth of the mass of a molecular cloud is in the form of water molecules, and the mass density of such a cloud is roughly 3.5×10^−21 g/cm3
Estimate the volume of a piece of molecular cloud that has the same amount of water as your body.
a.) vcloud= 1. 6×10^29 cm3
b.) vcloud= 1. 6×10^31 cm3
c.) vcloud= 1. 6×10^33 cm3
d.) vcloud= 1. 6×10^35 cm3
Which of the following best explains many physical properties of a material?
The arrangement of its atoms or molecules best explains many physical properties of a material.
What is Metal?
A metal is a type of material that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity. Metals are characterized by their ability to form cations, which are positively charged ions, by losing electrons. They typically have metallic bonds, which are formed when the outermost electrons of metal atoms are delocalized and shared among a lattice of metal ions. This results in metals having a unique set of physical and chemical properties, such as high melting and boiling points, high density, and good strength-to-weight ratios, making them useful for a wide range of applications, including construction, transportation, electronics, and manufacturing.
Many physical properties of a material can be explained by its atomic and molecular structure. The arrangement of atoms and molecules in a material determines its physical properties such as density, melting and boiling points, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and more. For example, a material with a tightly packed atomic arrangement will be denser than a material with a more open arrangement. Similarly, the strength of the bonds between atoms and molecules will determine how much energy is required to melt or boil the material.
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under what condition does calcuim react with water
Calcium Hydroxide is created when calcium combines with water, or Ca2+. Water plus Ca results in Ca(OH)2.
Due to the heat created by the reaction, the calcium begins to float.
What purposes serves calcuim?Although it additionally plays a critical role in haemostasis, assisting in muscular contraction, controlling regular heart rhythms, and maintaining normal neural activities, calcium is a substance that is most frequently linked to strong bones and teeth.
What adverse effects can calcium supplements cause?Little, if any, negative effects are brought on by calcium supplementation. Gas, constipation, and bloating are examples of adverse symptoms that might occasionally happen. The most constipating substance is typically calcium carbonate. Finding a calcium supplement that you tolerate the best may need you to test a few various brands or varieties.
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can you guys help me do this science question
Jacinda Ardern got involved with Tonga after the eruption due to the following reasons:
To acquire more information about the volcano's current activity.To get rid of the ash plume that threatens to cover New Zealand.To provide assistance to the people of Tonga by giving them provisions.The correct answer is: 2, 3, and 4.
What made Jacinda Ardern get involved with Tonga?Jacinda Ardern, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, got involved with Tonga after the underwater volcanic eruption that occurred in January 2022.
There were several reasons why she got involved:
To assess the potential impact of the eruption on New Zealand and the wider region, including the risk of a tsunami or ash plume that could affect air travel and the environment.To provide assistance to the people of Tonga, including the supply of emergency provisions such as water, food, and medical supplies.To gather information about the volcano's activity and the risks it poses to the region, including the risk of further eruptions or seismic activity.To coordinate with other countries and international organizations in the response to the disaster and to provide support to Tonga in its recovery efforts.Learn more about Tonga eruptions at: https://brainly.com/question/927683
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Complete question:
Which of these are the reasons why Jacinda Ardern got involved with Tonga after the eruption?
1. the desire to preserve ocean resources in the area through satellite monitoring
2. the desire to get rid of the ash plume that threatens to cover New Zealand
3. the desire to acquire more information about the volcano's current activity
4. the desire to provide assistance to the people of Tonga by giving them provisions
3 and 4
2, 3 and 4
1 only
O 1 and 2
cann u help me with this ASAP
Answer:
yes and can you help me?
Explanation:
it's saying you need to use information from chapter 14, I don't have that textbook, so I can't exactly do it for you. but find the information on the topic that most interests you in that chapter, break it up in pieces, write out your info in simple terms, and use that to follow the steps you need for the "letter"
If you want to measure the rate of a reaction you can measure how fast one of the __________ is formed. What one word completes this sentence?
Answer:
products.
Explanation:
How do you think improving technology to identify locations of fossil fuels could benefit people and the environment?
Does someone know the answer to this?
(This is middle school science)
Radioactive dating measures the ratio of C¹²(normal) and C¹⁴ (radioactive) in fossils to determine the exact age of the specimen. C¹⁴ is unstable and has a half life of 5730 years.
What are the ages of organism?The organism ages the amount of C¹⁴ diminishes but the amount of C¹² remains constant. The ratio of C¹⁴ to C¹² is used to analyze the decay of atomic particles to determine exact age.
Relative dating uses rock layers and index fossils to determine an object's estimated age. Relative dating is a method of dating archaeological structures or discoveries based on how they are temporally or formally compared to others. This is in contrast to absolute dating, where the material itself dates.
Therefore, Relative dating can be done by stratigraphic dating, typology or climatic dating.
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The Frackville Power Plant combusts methane to produce electricity. The plant burns 37,500,000 cubic yards of methane each year. The plant produces 61,626,000 kWh of electricity. Calculate the efficiency of this power plant. (Hint: 1 yd3 = 27 ft3)
The efficiency of this power plant that combusts methane to produce electricity is 4.8%.
Given the area of methane = 37,500,000 cubic yards
The power of electricity = 61,626,000 kWh
It is given that the power plant combusts methane to produce electricity.
We know that the efficiency of power is equal to the electricity generated divided by the energy used for combustion.
1 yard^3 = 27ft^3
37,500,000 cubic yards x 27 = 1,012,500,000 cubic feet
Efficiency = energy output/energy input
Efficiency = (61,626,000 kWh) / 1,012,500,000 cubic feet
Here, BTU is the common unit of energy so,
1,012,500,000 cubic feet of methane = 5,072,500,000,000 Joules where 1 Joule = 0.0009478 BTU
5,072,500,000,000 Joules x 0.0009478 = 4,787,039,500,000 BTU
We know that 1 kWh = 3412 BTU then,
61,626,000 kWh = 61,626,000 * 3412 BTU = 210,343,312,000 BTU
efficiency = 210,343,312,000 BTU / 4,787,039,500,000 BTU = 0.0438%
Efficiency = 4.38%
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Balance the equation:FeS + O2=Fe2O3 + SO
The given reaction between FeS and oxygen gas giving ferric oxide and sulphur dioxide can be balanced as follows:
[tex]\rm 4 FeS+ 7O_{2} \rightarrow 2Fe_{2}O_{3} + 4SO_{2}[/tex]
What is balanced chemical equations?The balanced chemical equation of a reaction represent the perfect stoichiometry of all the reactants and products. It must obey the law of conservation of mass.
Hence, the total mass in the reactant side must be equal to the total mass in the product side. The given reaction between ferrous sulphide and oxygen gas giving sulphur dioxide and ferric oxide can be balanced as written above.
Here, 4 moles of FeS reacts with 7 moles of O₂ giving 2 moles of Fe₂O₃ and 4 moles of SO₂ gas. Here each element has the same number in both reactants side and product side.
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give one example of an element and one example of a compound explain how they are different
Answer:
Explanation:
Both elements and compounds are classified as pure substances. A pure substance is defined as a material that has a constant composition and fixed properties. Pure substances cannot be separated using physical separation techniques.
Elements are the simplest pure substances. They cannot be broken down or separated by any means, excluding nuclear fission and fusion. Most elements have been found naturally in the universe, most having been formed during the evolution of the universe, in the Big Bang. One example is iron (Fe), formed naturally during the fusion of stars.
Compounds are composed of elements in fixed atomic ratios and can be separated into component elements by chemical means. Examples include Silver bromide (AgBr), which can be separated into silver and bromine by photolytic decomposition (light); sodium chloride can be separated into sodium and chlorine by electrolytic decomposition (electricity); hydrochloric acid can be separated into chlorine upon reaction with water.
You have a ballon filled with carbon dioxide gas at STP. The balloon’s volume is 2.8L, How many molecules are in it?
Answer:
Refer to pic..........
If two atoms of oxygen have different numbers of neutrons, which property of the two atoms will be different?
If two atoms of oxygen have different numbers of neutrons then the mass of the two atoms will be different.
What is Mass number?Mass number is the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom.
The mass number is commonly used in distinguishing among the isotopes of an element, all of which have the same atomic number (number of protons) and are represented by the same symbol
Mass number depends on the number of neutrons and protons present in the nucleus and determines how heavy the nucleus is. Therefore, if similar atoms have different number of neutrons then their masses will be different.
Therefore, If two atoms of oxygen have different numbers of neutrons then the mass of the two atoms will be different.
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you have 5L of a stock solution of 6M AgNO3, you need a 3M AgNO3 strength solution for a lab assignment. What volume of 3M could you make from the stock solution.
The volume of 3M from making stock solution is 7.5 liters.
To make a 3M solution from a 6M stock solution of AgNO3, we need to add water to the stock solution. Let us assume x liters of 3M solution from 5 liters of the 6M stock solution.
The amount of AgNO3 in the 5 liters of the stock solution is:
5 L * 6 mol/L = 30 mol AgNO3
To make a 3M solution, we need:
3 mol/L * x L = 3x mol AgNO3
We can use the formula:
C1V1 = C2V2
where,
C1 = concentration of the stock solution
C2 = concentration of the final solution
V1 = volume of stock solution
V2 = volume of the final solution
In this case, we know that:
C1 = 6 M
C2 = 3 M
V1 = x
V2 = 5 L + x
In this case, we know that:
C1 = 6 M
C2 = 3 M
V1 = x
V2 = 5 L + x
let us substitute the above values in the formula
6 M * V1 = 3 M * (5 L + x)
Solving for x, we get:
x = 2.5 L
Therefore, to make a 3M solution from a 6M stock solution, a final volume of 5 + 2.5 = 7.5 liters to get a 3M solution.
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Identify the substance that each property describes. Only acid only base both acid and base
The substance that each property describes are - feels slippery - only base; tastes sour - only acid; conducts electricity - both acid and base
The three properties listed are common characteristics of acids and bases, but they can be used to identify which substance is an acid, which is a base, or which substance has both acidic and basic properties.
Feels slippery: This is a property of bases. When a substance feels slippery, it means that it is producing hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, which react with the skin to create a slippery sensation. So, a substance that feels slippery is a base.
Tastes sour: This is a property of acids. When a substance tastes sour, it means that it is producing hydrogen ions (H+) in water, which react with taste buds to create a sour taste. So, a substance that tastes sour is an acid.
Conducts electricity: Both acids and bases can conduct electricity, but it depends on whether they are in aqueous solution or molten form. In an aqueous solution, both acids and bases dissociate into ions and can conduct electricity. However, in the molten state, only bases can conduct electricity. Therefore, if a substance can conduct electricity in an aqueous solution or molten state, it can be either an acid or a base or both.
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Correct form of question would be
Identify the substance that each property describes.
only acid
only base
both acid and base
feels slippery
tastes sour
conducts electricity
Describe how minerals form.
Answer:
Minerals can form in three primary ways being precipitation, crystallization from a magma and solid- state transformation by chemical reactions (metamorphism).
Incorporate various chemistry laws to substantiate your view also indicate what type of instruments scientist use in reference to atoms and what are some new advances that has bettered the environment?
The concept that we are made up of atoms is fascinating and scientifically supported.
Scientists study atoms and molecules with various instruments, and several new advances in chemistry have helped to improve the environment by developing more sustainable and efficient technologies.
The idea that everything in the universe, including living beings like us, is made up of atoms is not only fascinating, but it is also supported by several basic chemistry laws.
According to the law of definite proportions, a given compound always contains the same proportion of elements by mass, regardless of its source or method of preparation. This law implies that the elements that comprise living beings, such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen, exist in specific proportions that govern their biological functions and properties.
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the complete question is:
Do you find the concept of being made of atoms disturbing? What is your reasoning? When answering the question, include various chemistry laws to back up your point of view, as well as what type of instruments scientists use to study atoms and what new advances have improved the environment.