an all-water route to the indies from western europe was discovered by _______.

In 2020, Britain withdrew from the European Union following a referendum in 2016 where the majority voted for Brexit.

Following Brexit, EU law and the Court of Justice of the European Union no longer have primacy over British laws, except in select areas in relation to Northern Ireland. The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 retains relevant EU law as domestic law, which the UK can now amend or repeal.

Under the terms of the Brexit withdrawal agreement, Northern Ireland continues to participate in the European Single Market in relation to goods, and to be a de facto member of the EU Customs Union.

The EU and its institutions have developed gradually since their establishment and during the 47 years of British membership, and grew to be of significant economic and political importance to the United Kingdom. Throughout the period of British membership, Eurosceptic groups had existed, opposing aspects of the EU and its predecessors.

Labour prime minister Harold Wilson's pro-EC government held a referendum on continued EC membership in 1975, in which 67.2 per cent of those voting chose to stay within the bloc, but no further referendums were held during the subsequent process of European integration, aimed at "ever closer union", embodied in the Treaties of Maastricht, Amsterdam, Nice and Lisbon.

His led to his resignation, his replacement by Theresa May, and four years of negotiations with the EU on the terms of departure and on future relations, completed under a Boris Johnson government, with government control remaining with the Conservative Party in this period.

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A combination of factors contributed to the Republican Party's success in the 1984 and 1988 presidential elections, including incumbent advantage, a strong economy, national security concerns, and divisions within the Democratic Party.

There was little opposition to the Republican Party in the 1984 and 1988 presidential elections for a few reasons:

Incumbent advantage: In both elections, the Republican Party had the advantage of incumbency, with Ronald Reagan as the incumbent President. Incumbent presidents generally have a higher chance of winning re-election, as they have the advantage of name recognition, the ability to use the powers of the presidency to their advantage, and a pre-existing base of supporters.

Strong economic growth: During the 1980s, the United States experienced a period of strong economic growth, with low inflation and low unemployment rates. This economic growth was attributed to Reagan's policies, which emphasized lower taxes and deregulation.

National security concerns: During the 1980s, the United States was involved in several high-profile international conflicts, including the Cold War with the Soviet Union and conflicts in the Middle East. R

Democratic Party divisions: The Democratic Party was relatively divided during the 1980s, with different factions within the party disagreeing on key issues such as taxes, foreign policy, and social issues.

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By signing Executive Order 9981, President Truman desegregated the military. Thus the correct option is B.

For the desegregation of the United States Armed Forces,  On July 26, 1948, Executive Order 9981 was signed by President Harry S. Truman. This order sought to remove racial discrimination and segregation in the military.

Ensuring equitable treatment and opportunities for all individuals serving in the military forces regardless of color or ethnicity is considered its primary objective. It was an important step towards removing racial segregation and establishing equality in the military.

Therefore, option B is appropriate.

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In the Chicago style, the bibliography or reference list is displayed using a hanging indent.

This means that the first line of each citation is flush with the left margin, while all subsequent lines are indented by 0.5 inches. This formatting style is used to make it easier for readers to quickly locate the information they need within a long list of sources. It is important to note that a hanging indent is not the same as a standard paragraph indent, and it is crucial to follow the guidelines for formatting citations correctly to maintain consistency and accuracy in academic writing.

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A business owner could create monopoly by buying all of the product out of a store and putting it in their store for more money.

Example: Price is $5 for a toy and you buy that toy out and you sell it for $10 in your store

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All communities deal with Garbage disposal daily.

C is the correct option.

The main waste disposal issues include producing too much garbage, the majority of which is harmful. Landfills have grown difficult to manage, and we continue to rely on antiquated technology to reduce and recycle garbage. Some green-labeled garbage disposal technologies are not green, and laws are based on vested interests.

Solid waste contributes directly to greenhouse gas emissions by producing methane from the anaerobic degradation of garbage in landfills and emitting nitrous oxide from our solid waste burning facilities.

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The complete question is;

Which problem do all communities deal with daily?

A. Climate change

B. Public utilities service

C. Garbage disposal

D. Recycling

The general outline you could use to organize your essay: I. Introduction; II. Similarity/Difference 1; III. Similarity/Difference 2; IV. Similarity/Difference 3 and V. Conclusion

In essay, briefly introduce Athens and Sparta.  State your thesis that Athens thrived while Sparta died out. State the similarity/difference. Provide evidence from historical facts to support your point.

At the conclusion, summarize your thesis. Restate the significance of why Athens thrived and Sparta died out. End with a broader statement about the lessons we can learn from this comparison of Athens and Sparta.

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At some point, probably around 300,000 years ago, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa.

The exact timeline of human evolution is still a topic of ongoing research and debate among scientists, but the oldest known fossils of Homo sapiens have been found in East Africa and are estimated to be around 300,000 years old. These early humans had a similar physical appearance to modern humans, with a large brain capacity and other features that distinguish them from earlier hominids. The process of human evolution is complex and involves a combination of genetic, environmental, and cultural factors, but it is generally believed that Homo sapiens originated in Africa and then migrated to other parts of the world over time. The study of human evolution is important for understanding our shared history as a species and for developing insights into contemporary health issues and societal challenges.

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The statement is true because abolitionists in the United States used the press and other forms of media to critique and challenge the nation's claim to be a "land of the free," given the institution of slavery and other forms of oppression that existed in the country.

Abolitionist writers and editors used newspapers, pamphlets, and other publications to highlight the contradictions and injustices of slavery, and to call for its immediate abolition. They also used the press to spread awareness and build support for their cause, reaching a wide audience of readers both in the United States and abroad.

Through their writings and advocacy, abolitionists played a critical role in the eventual end of slavery in the United States and the broader struggle for civil rights and social justice.

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Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and some parts of Africa represented state-run colony type of imperialism in the period 1750 to 1900. Thus, option A is the correct option.

The Scramble for Africa, also known as the Partition of Africa, the Conquest of Africa, or the Ra/pe of Africa, was the invasion, annexation, partition, and colonization of the majority of Africa by seven Western European nations between 1833 and 1914, during the so-called New Imperialism era.

The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw a "scramble" to colonize the African continent as a result of numerous European nations' ambition for riches and power in the context of the time that western historians refer to as "New Imperialism."

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Maryland, a proprietary colony, was distinct from other British colonies in North America.

Unlike royal colonies that were under direct control of the English Crown, proprietary colonies were granted by the monarch to individuals or groups, giving them the authority to govern the territory. In Maryland's case, it was owned by Lord Baltimore, specifically Sir George Calvert and later his son Cecil Calvert, also known as Lord Baltimore.

Established in 1632, Maryland was founded as a haven for English Catholics facing religious persecution in England. Lord Baltimore aimed to create a profitable venture while providing religious freedom for Catholics. This led to the passage of the Maryland Toleration Act in 1649, which granted religious freedom to all Christian denominations, fostering an environment of religious diversity and tolerance.

Although Maryland shared some common features with other British colonies, such as agricultural-based economies and English common law, its proprietary nature and focus on religious freedom set it apart. Lord Baltimore's ownership allowed him to exercise significant control over the colony's government and policies, contributing to Maryland's unique identity among the British colonies in North America.

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Answer:

sunken relief

Explanation:

A variation of relief carving, found almost exclusively in ancient Egyptian sculpture, is sunken relief (also called incised relief), in which the carving is sunk below the level of the surrounding surface and is contained within a sharply incised contour line that frames it with a powerful line of light and shade.

Answer:

Explanation:

Explain the importance of the Berlin Blockade for the future of Germany

Berlin crisis led to the break down of relations between former allies who could not agree on the future of Germany-formerly divided-1949- 2 separate nationsWest) Federal republic of GermanyEast) German Democratic republic-increasingly economically divided, West Europe flourished due to trade with the West, Marshall aid ($12.7 billion to the West)- While Eastern Europe suffered

Basically,  in 1800, the western border of the United States was indeed the Mississippi River. Today, the western boundary of the U.S. lies along the Pacific ocean, including the states of California, Oregon, and Washington.

We can say that the changes in the western boundary are a result of America's historical expansion and adaptation to increasing demands for land and economic growth.

Over time, various events such as the Louisiana Purchase, the Oregon Trail, and the California Gold Rush led to the annexation and settlement of territories, ultimately extending the western border to the Pacific ocean.

Access to more land and water resources allowed the United States to meet the needs of its growing population and economy.

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Answer:

Five countries following communism:

Five countries following capitalism:

Explanation:

Bill Clinton faced several obstacles on his way to the Democratic presidential nomination in 1992. One major obstacle was his lack of national recognition, as he was a relatively unknown governor from a small southern state.

Additionally, he faced criticism over his past personal conduct and allegations of infidelity. During his campaign, Clinton focused on several key issues, including economic growth and job creation, healthcare reform, and education reform. He also advocated for a more centrist approach to government, positioning himself as a "New Democrat" who was willing to work with both parties to achieve his policy goals.

Despite these obstacles, Clinton was ultimately able to secure the Democratic nomination and went on to win the presidency in the general election.

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In the case of Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, my opinion more closely reflects the majority opinion. The majority opinion was that school officials had the right to censor the content of school-sponsored student publications if they had a legitimate educational reason to do so.

In this case, the school newspaper contained articles on topics such as teen pregnancy and divorce, which the school felt were inappropriate for a high school audience.

The majority opinion agreed with the school's decision to remove these articles from the paper, as they believed it was within the school's authority to ensure that student speech did not interfere with the educational mission of the school.

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The doctrine of Christ's incarnation is best seen in the Gospel of John. The Gospel of John, one of the four canonical gospels in the New Testament, provides a unique perspective on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Specifically, John 1:1-14 presents the concept of the Word becoming flesh, which is a foundational element of the incarnation doctrine.

In John 1:1, it is written, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God." This verse highlights the divine nature of Jesus, emphasizing his pre-existence and equality with God. The passage continues in John 1:14, stating, "And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, the glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth." This verse explicitly refers to the incarnation, the event in which Jesus, the Word, took on human form to live among humanity.

The doctrine of Christ's incarnation is a fundamental belief in Christianity, as it illustrates the divine and human natures of Jesus. By becoming incarnate, Jesus was able to bridge the gap between God and humanity, ultimately allowing for the possibility of salvation through his life, death, and resurrection. The Gospel of John's portrayal of the incarnation not only establishes Jesus as both fully divine and fully human but also emphasizes the importance of his role as the Savior and Redeemer of humanity.

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Visual sources should be within the discussion to reinforce and explain the written information.

The given statement is True.

Photographs, film, video, paintings, drawings, cartoons, prints, designs, and three-dimensional art like sculpture and architecture are examples of visual materials that can be classified as fine art or documentary record.

Historians and other researchers benefit from visual materials to better comprehend the past. They offer an insight into the past that is difficult to obtain through written or spoken sources.

A visual media is used to capture a moment in time. Informs quickly and succinctly about people, places, items, and events. Provides information that is difficult to explain in written form (fashion, decor, art, and so on). Details of people's ordinary lives that are not captured in written documents are sometimes recorded.

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The complete question is:

T/F. Visual sources should be within the discussion to reinforce and explain the written information.

The major steps in the development of socialism include: The Enlightenment; Industrial Revolution; Utopian Socialism; Marxism; Social Democracy and Leninism.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels developed a scientific approach to socialism, which analyzed the contradictions of capitalism and predicted its eventual collapse. They argued that the working class would lead a revolution to establish a socialist society.

Vladimir Lenin adapted Marxism theory to the conditions of Russia and led the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution of 1917, which established the first socialist state.

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In late 1942, intelligence began to emerge that Germany was executing Jews as part of their larger plan of extermination.

The initial response of the Allies was a mix of actions, with each country taking different steps to address the issue. The United States and Britain both designated two troop carriers to be used exclusively to transport any Jews who could escape Europe. This was a significant step to help rescue Jews from the persecution they were facing in Germany. Additionally, the United States, supported by the British, agreed to a ransom scheme to rescue 70,000 Romanian Jews. This was another important step in saving Jews from the horrors of the concentration camps.
However, not all responses were as positive. The British and the U.S. State Department tried to deflect attention from reports of concentration camps, which could have potentially helped in saving more lives. Furthermore, the United States and Britain did not remove all immigration restrictions for Jews, no matter their nationality. This meant that not all Jews were able to escape and were left to face the atrocities being committed by the Germans.
In conclusion, the Allies initially responded to the late 1942 intelligence of Germany's plan of exterminating Jews with a mix of actions. While some steps were taken to help save Jews, others were not as helpful. Nonetheless, it is important to remember the atrocities that were committed during this time and the steps that were taken to prevent such horrors from happening again in the future.

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All of the following options are poetic forms used in medieval chansons: rondeau, virelai, and ballade. These three forms are considered the most important forms of medieval French poetry, and they were extensively used in chansons during the medieval period.

The rondeau is a poetic form that consists of 13 lines, divided into three stanzas. The first line is repeated as the last line of the second and third stanzas, and a short refrain is repeated at the end of the first and third stanzas. The virelai is another form of medieval French poetry that has a similar structure to the rondeau but with more verses and a more complex rhyme scheme.

The ballade, on the other hand, has three stanzas of eight or ten lines each, with a refrain repeated at the end of each stanza. These poetic forms were widely used in chansons, which were popular songs sung in the medieval courts and among the nobility. Chansons often featured themes of love, chivalry, and courtly life, and they were typically accompanied by musical instruments such as the lute or harp.

The use of these poetic forms in chansons helped to establish the conventions of medieval French poetry and influenced the development of poetry in other European countries.

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The following statements about gateways and walls in ancient Mesopotamia, Persia, and India are true:

They could protect a city and show the strength and power of a ruler.

They could be made of glazed and baked mud bricks or of carved stone.

They could have images and symbols that tell a story.

- They could protect a city and show the strength and power of a ruler. This was often the primary purpose of building walls and gates. Walls could be thick and fortified, with towers and battlements, to deter invaders and protect the city from attacks. Gates were also fortified and guarded by soldiers, and they could be closed during times of war or danger.
- They could be made of glazed and baked mud bricks or of carved stone. The materials used to construct walls and gates varied depending on the region and the availability of resources. In Mesopotamia and Persia, baked mud bricks were commonly used for construction, while in India, stone was more prevalent. Both materials could be decorated with intricate carvings or designs, making the walls and gates not only functional but also aesthetically pleasing.
- They could have images and symbols that tell a story. Walls and gates often served as a canvas for storytelling in ancient civilizations. They could be adorned with murals or reliefs that depicted important events, such as battles or religious ceremonies. Symbols and images were also used to convey messages or beliefs, such as the power of the ruling class or the importance of certain deities.

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The reactions to the UN's 1947 partition plan were mixed. While some Israelis were pleased with the plan and saw it as a step towards statehood, many Palestinians rejected it as they believed it did not adequately represent their interests or rights to their homeland.

The plan was also met with resistance from neighboring Arab states, who saw it as a violation of Palestinian sovereignty and an attempt by Western powers to control the region. Ultimately, the plan failed to achieve its intended outcome of peaceful coexistence between Israelis and Palestinians, leading to ongoing conflict in the region.

The reactions to the UN partition plan in 1947 were mixed:
1. Israeli/Jewish reaction: The Jewish community, led by David Ben-Gurion, accepted the partition plan as it provided them with an opportunity to establish a Jewish state in their historic homeland. They viewed the plan as a significant step towards fulfilling their Zionist aspirations. 2. Palestinian/Arab reaction: The Arab nations and the Palestinian community strongly opposed the partition plan. They considered it unfair, as it gave a large portion of the land to the Jewish population, which constituted only about one-third of the total population at the time. The Arab League, representing several neighboring Arab countries, rejected the plan and advocated for a single, unified state in Palestine with equal rights for Jews and Arabs. 3. International reaction: The international community was divided on the issue, with some countries supporting the plan and others opposing it. The United States and the Soviet Union, two major world powers at the time, supported the partition plan, while countries like India and Pakistan were against it.

Ultimately, the conflicting reactions to the 1947 UN partition plan led to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, also known as the War of Independence for Israel, as Arab nations attempted to prevent the establishment of the state of Israel. Israel declared its independence in May 1948, and the conflict has continued in various forms until the present day.

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The avant-garde in Cuba was the most innovative of all the modernist groups.

This artistic movement, which emerged in the early 20th century, aimed to break away from traditional artistic norms and establish a new, progressive vision for art and culture. The Cuban avant-garde artists were deeply influenced by European modernism, particularly Cubism and Surrealism, as well as their own rich cultural heritage and national identity.

These artists experimented with new forms of expression, techniques, and subject matter, ultimately pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable in the artistic world. They sought to capture the essence of Cuban society and its diverse influences, while also addressing social and political issues of their time. By doing so, they contributed to a greater awareness of Cuban culture both domestically and internationally.

The Cuban avant-garde's innovative approach to art made it stand out among other modernist groups, as they were able to successfully merge global artistic trends with local traditions and contexts. Their unique blend of influences and experimentation ultimately shaped the future of Cuban art and helped to establish a distinct national identity in the realm of modernism.

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The situation shown in the image is best understood in the context of how states made full use of their populations and material resources to fight total wars.

The image appears to depict a factory or manufacturing plant where workers are producing goods for the war effort. This reflects how in the twentieth century, states engaged in total warfare, meaning that all aspects of their societies, including their economies and populations, were mobilized for the war effort. This required the full utilization of material resources, such as factories and other industrial technologies, as well as the mobilization of citizens, regardless of gender or class, for military service or other support roles. Propaganda was also a common tool used by states to intensify patriotism during times of war, but this alone does not fully capture the significance of the image. Rather, it is the utilization of material resources and the mobilization of citizens for total warfare that is most relevant in this context. As wars became deadlier and more expensive, states had to make use of all available resources and manpower to ensure their survival and victory. This is a key aspect of twentieth-century warfare that is reflected in the image.

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The Yazoo Act of 1795 was Georgia's first land policy, in which the headright system granted land to individuals.

After implementation of the act when the Native Americans ceded land, officials had two choices: first, to sell the land to get money for public facilities and second, to give away land and encourage population growth. Officials chose the second option.

Headright system granted 200 acres of land plus 50 acres per family member, with a 1,000-acre limit, war veterans received additional land.

Under the headright system, individuals could claim the best vacant land available, which was often along creeks or rivers.

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The cartoon provides evidence to support the argument that, during the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration, US policymakers responded to the Great Depression by B. transforming the US into a limited welfare state.

The 32nd president of the United States, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, also known as FDR, was an American statesman and political figure who presided over the country from 1933 until his death in 1945. Roosevelt established a Europe-first strategy and oversaw the mobilization of the American economy to aid in the war effort. Along with setting the stage for the United Nations and other post-war institutions, he also spearheaded the construction of the first atomic weapon in history.

For immediate economic assistance from the Great Depression and to address important reforms in business, agriculture, banking, water power, labor, and housing, President Franklin D. Roosevelt enacted the New Deal from 1933 to 1939. The New Deal was founded on the idea that the federal government's power was necessary to help America recover from the Great Depression.

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