All of the following are advantages of a company that has a dominant market share EXCEPT It has a production cost advantage due to higher production volume.
What is Production Cost?All direct and indirect expenses incurred by a company when producing a good or rendering service are referred to as production costs. labour costs, raw materials, consumable manufacturing supplies, general overhead, and other costs can all be included in production costs.
Expenses associated with producing a good or offering a service that brings in money for a business are referred to as production costs.
Labor, raw materials, consumable manufacturing supplies, general overhead, and other costs can all be included in production costs.
The sum of all direct material and labour costs as well as all production overhead costs can be used to calculate the overall cost of the product.
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To make sure that its customers are satisfied and to probe for new product ideas, Intuit routinely sends employees to the facilities of their customers. This technique for generating new business ideas is called ________. Group of answer choices focus group survey customer advisory board brainstorming day-in-the-life research
The answer is day-in-the-life research.
To make sure that its customers are satisfied and to probe for new product ideas, Intuit routinely sends employees to the facilities of their customers. This technique for generating new business ideas is called Day-in-the-life research.
This technique is an ethnographic analysis in which a researcher takes a consumer through a typical day and examines them. The purpose of this activity is to show only routine activities and ordinary things understood by users out of habit and unknowingly by the user. The regular variability of commercial ingenuity outweighs the differences in personal innovation. Companies that focus on solving external problems produce more new ideas.
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ield testing assures that the cabling link meets the transmission performance requirements as defined by industry standards
Certification field testing assures that the cabling link meets the transmission performance requirements as defined by industry standards.
How to Certify Optical Fiber Cabling with OLTS and LSPM?According to industry standards, each link's loss must be verified to fulfill performance standards using an LSPM or an optical loss test set (OLTS). The most significant testing in relation to new cabling systems is known as "basic" or Tier 1 Certification.
A double-ended test called Tier 1 Certification generates an absolute loss measurement.
The measurement is then contrasted with channel application standards and/or installation wiring standards. The DTX Cable Analyzer TM from Fluke Networks can accommodate multimode or single mode fiber test modules, automating the majority of the test and simplifying "basic" or Tier 1 certification.
The entire link loss results can likewise be provided by an OTDR. But the energy of the reflected light is what this measurement is based on. The fundamental certification must be carried out using an OLTS or LSPM, according to the specifications. A light source at one end and a light meter at the other produces more precise findings for link loss.
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Compared with other types of retailers, department stores compete mainly on the basis of a) customer services. b) low prices.
When compared to other types of retailers, department stores compete primarily on price. a) customer services.
Instead of low costs, department shops often compete primarily on the strength of their client services. They provide a vast array of goods and services, including apparel, electronics, home items, and more. They also have elements that set them apart from other kinds of merchants, such personal shopping, style, and financial services. Along with a variety of items, stores also offer a wide range of services, such as personal shopping, styling, and finance services. Along with their extensive selection of goods and services, they also provide a distinctive shopping environment. Although some department shops may also have affordable pricing, it's important to note that they don't primarily compete on the basis of price.
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Dansko Integrated had Net Income for 2020 of $7,800,000. The firm invested $4,000,000 in manufacturing equipment during 2020. The equipment is being depreciated over five years using straight-line depreciation, starting in 2020. Assuming no other adjustments to cash flow than those mentioned here, create a statement of cash flows for 2020 with amounts in thousands. What is the Net Cash Flow in 2020
The Net Cash Flow in 2020 is $4,600,000.
The calculation to determine the Net Cash Flow in 2020
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW
For the Year 2020
Cash flow from operating Activities:
Net Income $7,800,000
Add Depreciation Expense of $800,000
Net Cash provided by operating activities $8,600,000
($7,800,000+$800,000)
Cash flow from Investing activities:
Investment in Equipment ($4,000,000)
Net Cash used in Investing activities ($4,000,000)
Net Cash flow in 2020 $3,000,000
Depreciation under the Straight Line method = (Cost - Salvage Value)/Useful Life
Depreciation under Straight Line method= (4000000-0)/5
Depreciation under the Straight Line method= of 800,000
Therefore the Net Cash Flow in 2020 is $4,600,000.
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The data on price and quantity purchased relating to a commodity for 10 months are given
below:Calculate coefficient of correlation between price and quantity.
Price and number of goods purchased are inversely correlated. Consequently, price rises as quantity rises.
What is data on price ?Pricing Data is accurate information on the costs of goods that are strikingly comparable to those being purchased. Prices are used interchangeably in this definition to refer to actual selling prices as well as suggested or prospective selling prices. Data pertinent to both primary and subcontract prices are referred to in the definition. Data may consist of specific costs, weights, addresses, names, ages, temperatures, dates, or distances, for instance. Data is a basic type of knowledge and has no meaning or use by itself. In other words, facts must be interpreted in order to have any significance. A pricing list again for new term has been sent by the Contractor to authorized buyers.
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Within the textbook, the idea that goods would be equally distributed if the distributor was not allowed to know of his/her status or position is referred to as: Group of answer choices
Within the textbook, the idea that goods would be equally distributed if the distributor was not allowed to know of his/her status or position is referred to as veil of ignorance .
By preventing decision-makers from accessing potentially biased information regarding who will profit most or least from the various options, the "veil of ignorance" is a moral reasoning tool intended to encourage unbiased decision-making.
Justice's guiding principles are selected under the cover of ignorance. By doing this, it is made sure that no one will be favored or disadvantaged in their choice of principles based on the results of natural chance or the contingency of social situations. The parties are given full knowledge of their society, including each member's preferences, under a utilitarian veil of ignorance.
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How do multinational corporations share their resources and what are their reasons for selecting that medium
multinational corporations share their resources and what are their reasons for selecting that medium 1=online database and 2=reduces costs.
MNC, or multinational corporation If a corporate entity owns and controls the production of goods or services in at least one country other than its home country, it is referred to as a multinational enterprise (MNE), a transnational enterprise (TNE), a transnational corporation (TNC), an international corporation, or a stateless corporation with nuanced but contrasting meanings. For an MNC to be distinguished from foreign portfolio investment firms, such as some international mutual funds, which invest in foreign enterprises solely to diversify financial risks, control is regarded as a crucial component. A business or organization should be considered a multinational corporation "if it receives 25% or more of its revenue from out-of-home-country operations," according to Black's Law Dictionary.
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The complete question is here:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
How do multinational corporations share their resources and what are their reasons for selecting that medium?
Multinational corporations use _1_ to share their resources with all their employees because it _2_
What are the three goals for every market based economy?
The three goals for every market-based economy are efficiency, equity, and economic growth.
B. Efficiency: This refers to the ability of an economy to produce the goods and services it needs in the most cost-effective way. This can be achieved through the proper allocation of resources and the efficient use of technology.
Equity: This refers to the fairness of the distribution of resources, services, and opportunities in the economy. This means that everyone should have access to the same resources, even if they come from different backgrounds.
Economic Growth: This refers to an increase in the size of the economy. This can be achieved by increasing the number of businesses and jobs, as well as improving the quality of goods and services produced. This can lead to an increase in the standard of living, as more money is.
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Can you think of any product or service that was in high demand, but, now, has become irrelevant or unnecessary
A product that used to be in high demand was cassette tapes, but now they are unnecessary because there was new technology, such as iPhones, Bluetooth, CD's, and DVD players. The demand declined because they caused the demand of cassette tapes to decline.
Who wants to buy a thing is determined by market demand. This is determined by how ready individuals are to spend a certain amount of money on a certain product or service. Price increases in lockstep with market demand. When demand declines, so do prices.
Increased demand benefits both profits and the economy. That is why it is such an essential notion. Supply and demand are tightly intertwined. While consumers want the best deal on products and services, suppliers aim to maximise earnings. The amount requested is influenced by price, buyer income, the pricing of comparable items, consumer tastes, and any customer expectations of future supply and price.
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What is it called when you spend more money than your income?
When you spend more money than your income, it is called overspending. Overspending can lead to a number of problems such as debt and financial instability.
When you're overspending, you're probably living above your means, meaning your expenses exceed your income. This can be a problem if you are unable to cover the cost of your bills and other necessary expenses. Overspending can also lead to an inability to save money, which can put you in a precarious financial situation and make it difficult to manage your money properly. If you are consistently overspending, it is important to change your spending habits so that your money is managed responsibly and you can avoid financial instability.
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Determine your company's mode of entry into foreign markets. This should be based upon a serious analysis of your company's risk-return tradeoff. In your opinion, has your company taken the right approach
Every international business was nearly startled as a regional business and over time has espoused different modes of Entrance into the foreign business.
Different modes of entry into transnational business are grounded on the size of your business, your expansion strategies, the implicit size, the demand of your elected transnational request, the profitability, and the business terrain of the overseas country.
When businesses promote success within their domestic markets, they strive to expand their businesses into multinational markets, in a crack to imitate its blockbuster in overseas markets. Similarly, the company that I presently work for is trying to break into the middle- east with commodities that we aren't implicit of whether it'll bring about well there or not.
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In order to meet the projected needs of the population in 2050, agricultural production will need to __________.
The population of the globe is projected to rise by more than 35% by 2050. Crop output will need to increase by double to feed that population.
For example, annual beef output would need to increase by nearly 200 million tonnes to reach 470 million tonnes in 2050, with 72 percent of that total going to developing nations, up from the current 58 percent. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has calculated that by 2050, we would need to produce 60% more food to feed a global population of 9.3 billion people. A farming-as-usual strategy would put too much strain on our natural resources to do that. To keep pace with the country's population and wealth development by 2050, food output must double. As a result, small and marginal farmers are crucial to the nation's food security and the achievement of the SDGs. 04-Feb-2021
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all competitive firms earn zero economic profit in both the short run and the long run.
a. true
b. false
False. On the long run, they experience no economic gain.
When a business generates no revenue, what does it mean?The situation where a firm's total income equals the total of its explicit and hidden costs is known as zero economic profit. In other words, it happens when a company's revenue is equal to zero after deducting all of its costs, both explicit and implicit. The usual profit, commonly referred to as zero economic profit, is frequently observed in markets with perfect competition. Since there are no barriers to entry or leave in such marketplaces, new businesses are enticed to enter the sector whenever existing businesses make a profit. As a result of this mechanism, the economic profit is pushed to zero. flawless rivalry
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TCS the scrum team is using the KANBAN board to make work visually availible to all. What cannot be inferred from the board
Kanban is less structured than scrum, thus the scrum team using the kanban board must work through a backlog.
Explanation:.Utilizing a visualization tool that can be utilized physically or electronically, the Kanban board is used to optimize workflow. Utilizing the Kanban method enables the organization to cut expenses, and the sites quickly adapt to changes.
.Activities that are unnecessary or wasteful are not included. It utilizes the team's full ability and produces results quickly thanks to a short cycle time.
• The Kanban board's workflow is monitored using a cumulative flow diagram. Kanban is a tool for organizing work into tasks. The breakdown graphs serve as tracking tools.
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When considering the various resources factors of production which of the following is most likely to represent capital?
one of the three factors of production, capital is the wealth, buildings, machinery and equipment owned by a business used to produce goods and services.
What is capital in factors of production?Capital goods, also known as man-made resources like tools and infrastructure, are referred to as a factor of production. These resources are utilised to produce commodities and services.All the materials required for producing a good or service are included in this. Land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurialism all function as production elements.Investing in capital is the third production element. Consider capital as the equipment, resources, and structures that people employ to create goods and services. Hammers, forklifts, conveyer belts, computers, and delivery trucks are a few typical objects that can be considered instances of capital.In order to produce additional commodities and services, capital is a factor of production that has been created. Capital examples include office structures, equipment, and tools. The resources that come from nature are known as natural resourcesTo learn more about production refers to:
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How does insurance benefit the society and economy?
Insurance benefits the society and economy by providing financial stability and security by covering medical costs, property damage, and other losses due to accidents or emergencies.
Insurance plays a vital role in protecting society and the economy. It helps protect individuals, families, and businesses from unforeseen risks and losses.
It also helps to encourage businesses to take on risky activities, such as starting a new venture, since they can be assured that they are protected in the event of a loss. Insurance also helps to create and sustain a healthy economy, as it provides a financial cushion when the unexpected happens.
This helps to ensure that individuals and businesses can continue to function and grow, even in the face of a crisis. Insurance is an essential part of a functioning society and economy, helping to protect people and businesses from financial losses and creating a more secure environment for all.
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Which of the following major laws fall under the Social Regulation pertaining to Environmental Protection?
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, Air Quality Act of 1967, Hazardous Substance Act of 1964, and Water Pollution Control Act
Clean Air Act of 1963, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966, and Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974
Hazardous Substance Act of 1964, Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966, Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, and Public Health Smoking Act of 1970
Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966, Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1966, Clean Air Act of 1963, and Refuse Act of 1899
The Clean Air Act of 1963, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, the Endangered Species Preservation Act of 1966, and the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 are major environmental laws.
What exactly is the Clean Air Act of 1963?
The Clean Air Act of 1963 was an improvement over the Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 in that it "set limits on emissions from factories," whereas factories had previously been largely unregulated.
The Clean Air Act is the primary federal air quality law in the United States, with the goal of reducing and controlling air pollution throughout the country.
It was first enacted in 1963 and has been amended several times since then. It is one of the first and most influential modern environmental laws in the United States.
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What was one reason that the US Congress was unable to resolve the nation's economic problems while operating under the Articles of Confederation?
One reason that the US Congress was unable to resolve the nation's economic problems while operating under the Articles of Confederation was that it lacked the authority to levy taxes or regulate interstate trade.
What is the interstate?
An interstate is a highway that is part of the United States National Highway System, which is a network of highways that are federally funded and managed by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Interstates are designed for high-speed travel between major cities, towns, and other destinations. Interstates are typically marked with an even number, and have a speed limit of 65 mph or higher. Interstates are usually divided into three or four lanes in each direction, with minimal access to side roads. Interstates also have median strips, which are designed to reduce the chance of head-on collisions. Interstates are constructed to have a minimum amount of curves and hills, and are generally safer than other roads due to their design.
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An investor sold 100 shares of MAS short when the stock was trading at 21. If MAS is now trading at 16, and the investor wants to protect her gain, which of the following orders should she place
Only the selling of long-held stocks in the account can result in an increase in SMA among these options. If it is utilised to make the purchase, the SMA would go down.
A selling stop order is placed with a stop price that is below the current market price; should the stock fall to the stop price (or trade below it), the order is activated and will be executed at the account market price. Orders (buy limits and sell stops) placed below the market price are automatically decreased on the ex-date. value purchase on the market declining The amount in the customer's account remains unchanged even if the market value declines, therefore SMA is unaffected.
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How much money should a firm be willing to spend to obtain a perfect market forecast?
A. EVPI-EMV
B. EVPI - Maximum EMV
C. EVWPI - EVPI
D. EVWPI - Maximum EMV
EVPI-Maximum EMV money should a firm be willing to spend to obtain a perfect market forecast.
By adding up the maximum value and deducting it from the expected value, one can determine the expected value of perfect information (EVPI). EVPI = EPPI - EMV, which equals expected payoff with perfect information less expected monetary value, is a formula that can be applied.By deducting the value of EMV (Ending Market Value) from EPC (Expected Payoff under Certainty), the EVPI can be calculated. Following is the EVPI formula. EPC stands for Expected Payoff Under Certainty, and EMV stands for Ending Market Value. The "law" requiring EMV compliance mandates that all retailers update their point-of-sale (POS) systems to support EMV chip cards. You will be responsible for any transactions made using systems like magstripe if you don't. This change in liability has significant repercussions and makes defending yourself against.To know more about money here
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True or False a new restaurant owner, is determining which products to offer on his menu, he is involved in the management function of planning.
True, Paul, a brand-new restaurant owner, engages in the management function of planning when he chooses which items to include on his menu.
The process of supervising a business, nonprofit, or governmental entity's operations is known as management (or managing). the practice and science of managing a company's resources. Setting an organization's strategy and organizing the work of its staff (or volunteers) to achieve its goals through the use of resources such as financial, natural, technological, and human resources are all included in management. The expressions "run the business" and "change the business" are used in management to distinguish between maintaining to deliver goods or services and adapting them to meet consumers' shifting wants. Another group of people who fit under the heading of "management" are managers.
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The subject property does not have a pool or a screen porch. A comparable that sold for $205,000 has a $1,000 screen porch, one more $2,500 half-bathroom, and a $6,000 pool. Assuming all else is equal, what is the adjusted value of the comparable
Assuming all else is equal, the adjusted value of the comparable is $195,500.
Comparable sold for $205,000
But it has:
$1,000 screen pouch
$2,500 half bathroom
$6,000 pool.
If we add the extra options we have
$1,000 + $2,500 + $6,000 = $9,500
To calculate the adjusted price of the comparable property, subtract the cost of the optional extras from the selling price.
So $205,000 - $9,500 = $195,500.
Comparative value means the loss of value of the insured vehicle or parts immediately prior to an accident. In addition, any reasonable fees payable for any of the following that apply to your claim: Homes that are comparable (similar) to each other should have similar market values and therefore similar valuations.
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Belen's Bakery sells sourdough bread for $5 a loaf. Belen used 10 ovens to bake and sell 50 loaves last week. This week, she brought in one more oven and sold 56 loaves. What is the marginal revenue product of capital for the 11th oven?
Answer:
Let the loaves sold be and rolls sold be .
Given:
Cost for 1 loaf of bread = $3
∴ Cost of loaves of bread =
Cost of 1 roll of bread = $1
∴ Cost of rolls =
Total cost of the baked goods = $24
Therefore, as per question,
Now, the graph is shown below.
The vertical axis represent the rolls sold and the horizontal axis represent the loaves sold.
Draw a horizontal line from 12 mark on the vertical axis to the given line to meet at point A. Now, from point A, draw a vertical line to meet the horizontal axis at point B. Point B is the number of loaves sold.
From the graph, loaves sold are 4 when rolls sold are 12.
The landlord of a building needs to perform plumbing work in the bathroom of a tenant's space. Which clause in the tenant's lease will specify when the landlord is permitted to enter the tenant's space to perform the work
Notice Clause in the tenant's lease will specify when the landlord is permitted to enter the tenant's space to perform the work.
Owner of a home, apartment, condominium, piece of land, or other real estate that is rented or leased to a person or organization is known as a landlord (also a lessee or renter). The term "landlord" is used to describe a legal person in this situation. Lessor and owner are other terms. For the female owners, the title "landlady" may be used. Landlord/landlady refers to the manager of a bar who is legally a licensed victualler in the United Kingdom. In terms of political economy, it only applies to the owner of undeveloped natural resources (such as land, not including structures), from which revenue is derived in the form of economic rent. The idea of a landlord can be traced to the feudal system of manoralism (seignorialism), in which a landed estate is owned by a Lord of the Manor (mesne lords), typically members of the lower nobility who evolved into the rank of knights in the high medieval period, holding their fief via subinfeudation. However, in some instances, the land may also be directly subject to a member of higher nobility, as in The latifundia (wide farmsteads worked by peasants) and villa systems of the Roman Empire are ultimately continued by the medieval system.
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3.Marketers at Dare to Dream designs use the ______ method since the communication budget is a fixed percentage of forecasted sales.
That's because the marketing budget is a set percentage of anticipated sales, marketers from Dare to Dream Designs employ the percentage-of-sales strategy.
What is a budget?A budget is a strategy you create to determine how much money you will spend each month. You can ensure you have enough money each month by using a budget. Without the need for a budget, you can run out of funds before the next pay period. A budget reveals your income.
Why is budgeting essential?By controlling your expenditures, you may plan for both immediate and future needs. It's a simple, practical approach for folks with all kinds of costs and income to keep their money in order.
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_BLANK_ is the opposite of life insurance; it pays while you are alive.
Answer:
Annuity
Explanation:
Life Insurance & Annuity have opposite goals.
Life Insurance provides insured person's family with lump sum payment, after individual dies.
Annuity provides insured person with assured income streams, throughout his or her lifetime.
They are opposite as one facilitates lifetime income security, however the other after life financial security.
Which savings instrument is guaranteed to provide a return of $22 in interest on $1,000 after 12 months
A certificate of deposit (CD) is the only savings instrument that is guaranteed to provide a return of $22 in interest on $1,000 after 12 months.
Which account is likely to earn the most interest in the course of one year?An account that is likely to earn the most interest in the course of one year would be a high-yield savings account, a certificate of deposit, or a money market account. These types of accounts typically offer higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts, but they may also have more restrictions on withdrawals.
Which accounts do not charge additional fees for excessive withdrawals?Accounts that do not charge additional fees for excessive withdrawals would be savings accounts or checking accounts. Some financial institutions may charge fees for excessive withdrawals on other types of accounts, such as fixed deposit accounts or money market accounts. It's important to read the terms and conditions of any account before opening it, to understand the fees and penalties associated with it.
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The complete question is:
Which savings instrument is guaranteed to provide a
return of $22 in interest on $1,000 after 12 months
Which options provide the greatest liquidity for
someone who may want to withdraw funds within the
first year?
Which account is likely to earn the most interest in the
course of one year?
Which accounts do not charge additional fees for
excessive withdrawals?
You estimate your monthly mortgage principal and interest will be $1,000, property taxes will be $160 per month, and homeowners insurance will be $50 per month. If your gross monthly income is $4,000 per month and your tax rate is 20 percent, what is your mortgage debt service ratio?
In other words, for every $1.00 of gross monthly income, you spend $1.22 on your mortgage payment, property taxes, and homeowners insurance.
What is mortgage payment?Mortgage payment is the payment made by a borrower to a lender in order to pay off a loan taken out to purchase a home. The payment consists of both principal and interest and is usually paid monthly. The principal is the amount of the loan borrowed, and the interest is the cost of borrowing that money over the life of the loan. The mortgage payment also includes taxes, insurance, and any other related fees. The amount of the mortgage payment is based on the size of the loan, the interest rate, and the loan term.
Mortgage debt service ratio = (Monthly Mortgage Principal + Interest + Property Taxes + Homeowners Insurance) / Gross Monthly Income
Mortgage debt service ratio = ($1,000 + $160 + $50) / $4,000
Mortgage debt service ratio = 1.22
In other words, for every $1.00 of gross monthly income, you spend $1.22 on your mortgage payment, property taxes, and homeowners insurance.
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Kahle Company has two support departments: Purchasing and Payroll. The Purchasing Department expense is $500,000 to process 50,000 purchase requisitions, which are the cost driver for the department. The Payroll Department expense is $300,000 to process 25,000 payroll checks, which are the cost driver for the department. The Assembly Department has 50 employees and required the issuance of 1,300 payroll checks for the year. How much of the Payroll Department's cost is allocated to the Assembly Department
Answer: $15600
Explanation:
To calculate the amount of the Payroll Department's cost that is allocated to the Assembly Department goes thus:
First we need to calculate the allocation rate which will be:
= $300,000/25,000
= $12.
Then, the departmental cost will be:
= Payroll checks × Allocation rate
= 1,300 × $12
= $15,600.
Therefore, the amount of the Payroll Department's cost that is allocated to the Assembly Department is $15600.
Explain the difference between co-signing, a joint account, and an authorized user.
Answer:
Co-signing, a joint account, and an authorized user are all ways in which multiple people can be involved in managing a single account, but they have some key differences.
Co-signing refers to when two or more people are responsible for repaying a loan or debt. The co-signer is not the primary borrower, but they are responsible for the debt if the primary borrower fails to make payments. Co-signing is commonly used when the primary borrower has little credit history or a low credit score and needs someone with a better credit profile to co-sign in order to get the loan.
A joint account is a bank or credit account that is owned by two or more people. Each person has full access to the account and can make deposits or withdrawals, write checks, and make purchases. Joint accounts are commonly used by married couples or partners, but can also be used by business partners or family members.
An authorized user is someone who is added to a credit card account by the primary cardholder. The authorized user can use the card to make purchases, but they are not responsible for repaying the debt. The primary cardholder is responsible for all the charges on the card. Authorized users are commonly used to help a person who has no credit or poor credit to establish a credit history, or as a convenience for a parent or partner.
In a nutshell:
Co-signing: A Co-signer guarantees the debt but not a full access.
Joint account: Both have full access and are responsible for the debt
Authorized user: Has access to the account but only primary user is responsible for the debt.
When it comes to the management of finances or funds in an organization there are various solutions accessible, each with its own set of benefits and drawbacks based on which selection is made.
What is an authorized user?When is someone who has been granted authorization to use a credit card or bank account but is not liable for the debt or the funds in the account is called an authorized user.
A joint account is a bank account shared by two or more people. Each account holder has identical access to the account's funds and is accountable for its management.
A co-signer is someone who agrees to be liable for the loan if the primary borrower is unable to pay it back. Borrowers with a limited credit history or a history of loan defaults often choose this option.
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