Answers
The [tex]f^{-1}[/tex] inverse of f of each
1) (x + 1)/2
2) [tex]\sqrt{\frac{x+1}{4} } \\[/tex]
3) 3 - 4x
4) [tex](x+5)^{1/3}[/tex]
5) [tex]\sqrt{x + 4}[/tex]
1) function f(x) = 3x + 1
let f(x) = y
y = 3x + 1
y - 1 = 3x
(y - 1)/3 = x
x obtained is [tex]f^{-1}[/tex]
and y will be x
[tex]f^{-1}[/tex] = (x-1)/3
2) equation f(x) = 4x² - 1
let f(x) = y
y = 4x² - 1
y + 1 = 4x²
(y + 1 )/4 = x²
x = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{x + 1}{4} }[/tex]
x obtained is [tex]f^{-1}[/tex]
and y will be x
[tex]f^{-1}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{x + 1}{4} }[/tex]
similarly,
3) f(x) = 3-x/4
y = 3-x/4
4y = 3 - x
x = 3 - 4x
[tex]f^{-1}[/tex] = 3- 4x
4) y = x³ - 5
y + 5 = x³
x = [tex](y + 5)^{1/3}[/tex]
[tex]f^{-1}[/tex] = [tex](x+5)^{1/3}[/tex]
5) y = x² - 4
y + 4 = x²
x = √y + 4
[tex]f^{-1} = \sqrt{x + 4}[/tex]
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Related Questions
Game dice for a particular child’s game are numbered 1-10 what is the likehood of rolling a single one and ending up with an even number
Answers
Dice game for a particular child’s game are numbered 1-10. Then, the likelihood of rolling a single one and ending up with an even number is 1/20.
The probability of rolling a single one is 1/10, since there is only one die face with the number one out of ten possible outcomes.
The probability of rolling an even number is 5/10, since half of the die faces are even numbers (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) out of ten possible outcomes.
To find the likelihood of both events happening together, we need to multiply their individual probabilities;
P(rolling a single one and ending up with an even number) = P(rolling a single one) x P(ending up with an even number)
= (1/10) x (5/10)
= 1/20
Therefore, the likelihood of rolling a single one and ending up with an even number is 1/20.
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Review the proof.
Step
1
2
3
5
6
7
8
Statement
cos(2x)= 1-2sin²(x)
Let 2x = 0.
Then x =
cos() = 1-2sin²()
-1 + cos() = -2sin²)
1 + cos(e) = 2sin²)
1-cos(0) = sin²)
sin() = ±
1-cos(0)
2
Which step contains an error?
O step 2
O step 4
step 6
O step 8
Answers
The error is in step 2 based on the given statement.
How to solveThe given statement is[tex]cos(2x) = 1-2sin^2(x),[/tex] and it is not appropriate to simply let 2x = 0.
By doing this, you are only considering a specific case where x = 0, rather than proving the statement for all values of x.
To properly prove the given statement, you should consider using trigonometric identities or double-angle formulas to establish the equivalence between cos(2x) and 1-2sin²(x) for all x.
Thus, the error is in Step 2
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If it takes 15 minutes for water in a pot to boil, the expression 20x+ 15 can be used to find the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread. Which expression can also be used to determine the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread? PLS ANSWER ASAPP I REALLY NEED TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION
A 18x + 4x + 6 + 7
B 10x + 10x + 20 - 5
C 6(5x + 5) - 10x + 15
D 3(x + x + x + 3)+ 2x + 15
Answers
the correct expression which can also be used to determine the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread is,
B) 10x + 10x + 20 - 5.
Given that;
The expression 20x + 15 represents the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread.
We can simplify this expression by factoring out the common factor of 5: = 20x + 15
= 5(4x + 3)
Therefore, the expression that can also be used to determine the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread must have a factor of 5 in it.
Option A:
18x + 4x + 6 + 7 does not have a factor of 5,
so it cannot be the correct answer.
Option B:
10x + 10x + 20 - 5
= 20x + 15,
which is the same as the original expression.
Therefore, Option B is equivalent to the original expression and can also be used to determine the total time needed to cook x batches of boiled cornbread.
Option C:
6(5x + 5) - 10x + 15 = 30x + 15 - 10x + 15 = 20x + 30,
which does not have a factor of 5.
Therefore, Option C is not correct.
Option D:
3(x + x + x + 3) + 2x + 15 = 9x + 6 + 2x + 15 = 11x + 21,
which does not have a factor of 5.
Therefore, Option D is not correct.
Therefore, the correct answer is,
B) 10x + 10x + 20 - 5.
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Help please!!!!
Whoever answers right gets brainliest!
Answers
The equation of the axis of symmetry of the given quadratic function is x = -2. So, correct option is C.
The axis of symmetry of a parabola is a vertical line that passes through the vertex of the parabola. For a quadratic function in the form y = ax² + bx + c, the equation of the axis of symmetry is given by x = -b/(2a).
In the given equation, y = 2x² + 8x - 3, the coefficients of x² and x are a = 2 and b = 8, respectively. Substituting these values in the equation of the axis of symmetry, we get:
x = -b/(2a)
x = -8/(2*2)
x = -8/4
x = -2
This means that the parabola is symmetric about the vertical line x = -2. So the correct answer is x=-2.
So, correct option is C.
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Is AB perpendicular to CD? Explain? pls yall fwm on the answer
Answers
Answer: No
Step-by-step explanation: They are not perpendicular due to the slopes. Perpendicular will have the same slopes value wise, but one is negative and one positive.
Question 10 of 10
A minor arc will have a measure that is
O A. less than 180°
B. equal to 180°
OC. more than 180°
Answers
Answer:
Less than 180
Step-by-step explanation:
Minor: Less than 180
Major: More than 180
Solution to augmented matrix? Never seen a problem like this one. How do I solve it?
Answers
The row of zeros at the bottom immediately lets us conclude "infinitely many solutions". This system is consistent and dependent. This is because we have 0x+0y+0z = 0 aka 0 = 0 which is always true for any choice of x, y, and z.
The second row of values lead to the equation 0x+0y+1z = 6, aka z = 6
The first row says: 1x+6y+0z = 1 which is the same as x+6y = 1
Let's say we isolate x
x+6y = 1
x+6y-6y = 1-6y
x = 1-6y
Then we have these three values or expressions
x = 1-6yy = any real numberz = 6All of the infinitely many solutions are of the form (x,y,z) = (1-6y, y, 6)
A lot of textbooks will use a parameter such as t, so we could write it as (1-6t, t, 6).
The choice of the letter for the parameter does not matter. I think t is most popular because it represents time. Each (x,y,z) point could represent a particle's location at any given time.
If t = 0, then we have (1, 0, 6)If t = 1, then we have (-5, 1, 6)If t = 2, then we have (-11, 2, 6)If t = 3, then we have (-17, 3, 6)and so on.
=============================
Conclusion:
There are infinitely many solutions of the form (x,y,z) = (1-6t, t, 6) where t is any real number.
This system is consistent and dependent.
Please help me with this math problem
1. Josiah is making a candle by pouring melted wax into a mold in the shape of a square pyramid. Each side of the base of the pyramid is 12 in and the height of the pyramid is 14in. To get the wax for the candle, Josiah melts cubes of wax that are each 6 in by 6 in by 6 in. How many of the wax cubes will Josiah need in order to make the candle? Show your work.
Answers
Answer:
10 wax cubes
Step-by-step explanation:
the volume of the square pyramid can be found by using the following formula:
[tex]V = \frac{1}{3} * B * h[/tex]
where b is the base of the pyramid and h is the height of the pyramid
The area of the base of the pyramid is given as 12 in * 12 in = 144 in^2
So, the volume of the pyramid is:
V = (1/3) * 144 in^2 * 14 in = 2,016 in^3
Each wax cube has a volume of 6 in * 6 in * 6 in = 216 in^3.
To find the number of wax cubes needed, we can divide the volume of the pyramid by the volume of each wax cube:
Number of wax cubes = Volume of pyramid / Volume of each wax cube
Number of wax cubes = 2,016 in^3 / 216 in^3
Number of wax cubes = 9.33 (rounded to two decimal places)
Since we can't have a fraction of a wax cube, Josiah will need to use 10 wax cubes to make the candle.
Guadalupe's credit card has an APR of 23%, calculated on the previous monthly balance, and a minimum payment of 2%, starting the month after the first purchase. Her credit card record for the last 7 months is shown in the table below. End of month 2 3 5 6 7 Previous balance $0.00 $900.00 $899.25 $898.50 $897.75 $897.00 $896 26 New charges $900.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 Payment Finance Principal received charges paid $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $18.00 $17.99 $17.97 $17.96 $17.94 $17.93 How is the new balance calculated? $17.25 $17.24 $17.22 $17.21 $17.19 $17.18 $0.75 $0.75 $0.75 $0.75 $0.75 $0.75 New balance $900.00 $899.25 $898.50 $897.75 $897.00 $896.26 $895.51
Answers
Answer:$909.03
Step-by-step explanation:he new balance on Guadalupe's credit card is calculated as follows:
First, we calculate the interest charged on the previous balance. Since the APR is 23%, the monthly interest rate is 23%/12 = 1.92%. So the interest charged on the previous balance for the month is:
Interest = Previous balance x Monthly interest rate
= $900.00 x 1.92%
= $17.28
Next, we add the finance charge, which is calculated as 1% of the previous balance plus any new charges. So the finance charge for the month is:
Finance charge = 1% x (Previous balance + New charges)
= 1% x ($900.00 + $0.00)
= $9.00
The total amount due is the sum of the previous balance, the interest charged, and the finance charge:
Total amount due = Previous balance + Interest + Finance charge
= $900.00 + $17.28 + $9.00
= $926.28
The minimum payment due is 2% of the total amount due, which is:
Minimum payment = 2% x Total amount due
= 2% x $926.28
= $18.53
If the minimum payment is less than $25, the minimum payment due is $25. So in this case, the minimum payment due is $25.
Guadalupe made a payment of $18.00, which is less than the minimum payment due, so she will be charged a late fee in addition to the interest on the unpaid balance.
The principal paid is the difference between the payment made and the interest charged, which is:
Principal paid = Payment - Interest
= $18.00 - $17.28
= $0.72
The new balance is the sum of the previous balance, any new charges, and the interest charged, minus the payment made, plus any finance charge and late fee:
New balance = Previous balance + New charges + Interest - Payment + Finance charge + Late fee
= $900.00 + $0.00 + $17.28 - $18.00 + $9.00 + $0.75
You deposit $3000 each year into an account earning 7% interest compounded annually. How much will you have in the account in 30 years?
Answers
The amount you will have in the account in 30 years is $22836.77
How much will you have in the account in 30 years?From the question, we have the following parameters that can be used in our computation:
You deposit $3000 each year 7% interest compounded annually.Using the above as a guide, we have the following:
Amount = P * (1 + r)^t
Where
P = Principal = 3000
r = Rate = 7%
t = time = 30
Substitute the known values in the above equation, so, we have the following representation
Amount = 3000 * (1 + 7%)^30
Evaluate
Amount = 22836.77
Hence, the amount is 22836.77
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The estimated population of a certain city over time is given in the table below. Answer the questions below to explain what kind of function would better model the data, linear or exponential.
Number of Years Since Last Census, x
1
2
3
4
Estimated Population, f(x)
66,118
77,212
88,340
99,535
function would better model the data because as x increases, the y values change
. The
of this function is approximately
.
Answers
The linear function is the more appropriate function that has to be used here.
How to use the linear functionTo determine which type of function better models the data, we can analyze the difference in the y values (Estimated Population) as x increases.
Differences between consecutive y values:
77,212 - 66,118 = 11,094
88,340 - 77,212 = 11,128
99,535 - 88,340 = 11,195
The differences between consecutive y values are relatively constant as x increases.
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HELPPPPPPPPP GNG IM STURGGLING 100 POINTS
Answers
<
1
0.964
8.92
-0.982 increasing decreasing strong
z, hours
y.gallons
Generate a linear regression equation and a correlation coefficient for these data.
1
9.2
2
The linear regression equation is y =
This means there is a ¦
8.4
The correlation coefficient is
O
The number of of gallons is
3
7.7
4
6.1
weak -1.17 10.69
O+O
5
4.5
correlation between the gallons and hours.
as the hours are increasing.
-0.82
Please help bro. Im struggling.
Answers
1. The linear regression equation is y = -1.17x+ 10.69
2. The correlation coefficient is -0.982.
3. This means there is a strong negative correlation between the gallons and hours.
4. The number of gallons is decreasing as the hours are increasing.
How do we calculate for the linear regression equation and correlation coefficient?Step 1: find slope.
Formula for slope m = (n × Σ(xy) - Σx × Σy) / (n × Σ(x²) - (Σx)²)
Σx = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
Σy = 9.2 + 8.4 + 7.7 + 6.1 + 4.5 = 35.9
Σ(xy) = (1 × 9.2) + (2 × 8.4) + (3 × 7.7) + (4 × 6.1) + (5 × 4.5) = 96
Σ(x²) = 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + 25 = 55
n = 5
Therefore ∴
m = (5 × 96 - 15 × 35.9) / (5 × 55 - 15²) = -1.17
y-intercept b = (Σy - m × Σx) / n
b = (35.9 - (-1.17) × 15) / 5 = (53.15) / 5 = 10.63
Therefore the linear regression equation is y = -1.17x + 10.63
correlation coefficient (r): (n × Σ(xy) - Σx × Σy) / sqrt((n × Σ(x²) - (Σx)²) × (n × Σ(y²) - (Σy)²))
r = (5 × 96 - 15 × 35.9) / sqrt((5 × 55 - 15²) × (5 × 271.95 - 35.9²)) = -0.982
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A red marble is drawn from a bag containing 3 red and 3 blue marbles. If the red marble is not replaced, find the probability of drawing a second marble that is blue.
Answers
The probability of drawing a second marble that is blue is 3/5
Finding the probability of drawing a second marble that is blue.From the question, we have the following parameters that can be used in our computation:
A red marble is drawn from a bag containing 3 red and 3 blue marbles.
If the marbles were not replaced, then we have
P(Red) = 3/6
Now there are
3 blue marbles and 2 red marbles left
So, we have
The probability of choosing a blue marble, after a red marble is
P(Blue) = 3/5
Evaluate
P(Blue) = 3/5
Hence, the probability of choosing a blue marble, after a red marble is 3/5
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Below is a model of the athletic field at IDEA Brentwood what is the area in square yards
Answers
The area in square yards of the athletic field at IDEA Brentwood would be 170. 24 yards ²
How to find the area ?The shape of the athletic field at IDEA Brentwood is shown to be a rectangle with two semi - circles attached.
The area of the athletic field at IDEA Brentwood is the sum of the areas of these shapes.
Area of rectangle :
= 15 x 8
= 120 yards ²
The area of the two semi - circles would be:
= π x radius x radius
= π x ( 8 / 2 ) x ( 8 / 2 )
= 50. 24 yards ²
The area of the athletic field at IDEA Brentwood is :
= 50. 24 + 120
= 170. 24 yards ²
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Choose one of the topics below for your paragraph.
1. Write a paragraph about a trend that interests you and why it is popular. Give sentences
(Paragraph)
● For example, consider a trend in cars, food, or technology. Give sentences (Paragraph)
2. Write a paragraph about a popular TV program. Give sentences (Paragraph)
Who usually watches the program? Give sentences (Paragraph)
Why is it popular? Give sentences (Paragraph)
●
Answers
Answer:
1. A trend that gives me interest is the 1, 2 buckle my shoes 3, 4 buckle some more- The reason is why does it even exist and why did it get so popular is such a fast amount of time, and the way people get distracted on technology which we are using all over the world and it takes us away from the real world and makes us stay there.
2. Cocaine Bear it looks good and funny, I watched it with all my friends and they all enjoyed it with me.
Step-by-step explanation:
I need help please
here is the picture is about Row Ops
Answers
The given operation of the matrix is expressed as: -9y + 2z = 12
How to use Matrix to solve simultaneous Equations?Matrices can be used to solve simultaneous linear equations, by first writing them in matrix form and then pre-multiplying by the inverse. Note firstly that these simultaneous equations can be written as the following matrix equation. If you need convincing, multiply out the matrices.
The simultaneous equations formed by the matrix are:
x + 2y + z = -5
4y - 2 = 3
4x - y + 6 = -8
We are told to Multiply row 1 by -4 and this gives us:
-4x - 8y - 4z = 20
Adding it to row 3 gives us:
-9y + 2z = 12
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A worker completes a job in a certain number of hours. The standard time allowed for the job is 10 hours, and the hourly rate of wages is Re. 1. The worker earns at the 50% rate a bonus of Rs. 2 under Halsey Plan. Ascertain his total wages under the Rowan Premium Plan.
Answers
Let's assume that the worker completes the job in 'x' hours. So, the Rowan Premium Plan formula to calculate wages is:
Total wages = (time taken / standard time) * standard wages + (time taken - standard time) * hourly rate * premium percentage
Here, the premium percentage is the percentage of time saved, which is given by:
Premium percentage = (standard time - time taken) / standard time * 100
Substituting the given values, we get:
Premium percentage = (10 - x) / 10 * 100
Premium percentage = (100 - 10x) %
Now, substituting this value in the Rowan Premium Plan formula, we get:
Total wages = (x / 10) * 4 + (x - 10) * 1 * (100 - 10x) / 100
Simplifying this expression, we get:
Total wages = (2x + 8 - x^2) / 5
So, the total wages earned by the worker under the Rowan Premium Plan is (2x + 8 - x^2) / 5.
MO is parallel to PR. Angle RQN=115. What is MNQ?
Answers
Since MO is parallel to PR, then angle MNQ and angle RQN are alternate interior angles and are congruent. Therefore, angle MNQ = angle RQN = 115 degrees.
What are alternate interior anglesWhen a line that intersects two parallel lines, also known as a transversal, creates an intersection with a pair of other lines, it forms what is referred to as alternate interior angles.
From the diagram we can see that RQN and MQN are similar angles from the diagram
Hence we have that RQN=115 = MNQ
Therefore MNQ = 115 degrees
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The number of meters a student swam this week are listed.
200, 450, 600, 650, 700, 800
What is the appropriate measure of variability for the data shown, and what is its value?
The range is the best measure of variability and equals 600.
The IQR is the best measure of variability and equals 250.
The mean is the best measure of variability and equals about 567.
The median is the best measure of variability and equals 625.
Answers
The appropriate measure of variability for the data shown and its value is A. The range is the best measure of variability and equals 600.
What is the range?The range is one of the three measures of variability.
The range shows the difference between the highest value and the lowest value in a data set.
The other measures of variability are the IQR (Interquartile Range) and the the Standard Deviation.
Range:Highest value = 800 m
Lowest value = 200 m
The range = 600 m (800 - 200)
IQR = 400 (600 - 200)
Mean = 567 (3,400 ÷ 6)
Median = 625 [(650 + 600) ÷ 2]
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Solve 4x-8 + 4 = 16.
The solutions are x =
and x =
BEYHODNA
MIGRANTA
www
www
wer
Answers
Answer:
x = 5
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve the equation 4x-8 + 4 = 16, we first combine the constants on the left-hand side:
4x-8+4 = 16
4x-4 = 16
Next, we add 4 to both sides to isolate the variable on one side:
4x-4+4 = 16+4
4x = 20
Finally, we divide both sides by 4 to solve for x:
4x/4 = 20/4
x = 5
Therefore, the solution to the equation 4x-8 + 4 = 16 is x = 5.
what is the quotient?
Answers
Answer:
a quotient is the result obtained by dividing one quantity by another.
Solve the following logarthlic equations : 3ln(2x) =12
Answers
Step-by-step explanation:
[tex]3 ln(2x) = 12[/tex]
[tex] ln(2x) = 4[/tex]
Let both sides be a power of a base e.
[tex]e {}^{ln(2x)} = e {}^{4} [/tex]
The e and ln would just cancel out so
[tex]2x = e {}^{4} [/tex]
[tex]x = \frac{ {e}^{4} }{2} [/tex]
Question 6(Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
(06.01 MC)
P
The cross-sectional areas of a triangular prism and a right cylinder are congruent. The triangular prism has a height of 5 units, and the right cylinder has a height of 5 units. Which
conclusion can be made from the given information?
O The volume of the prism is half the volume of the cylinder.
O The volume of the prism is twice the volume of the cylinder.
The volume of the prism is equal to the volume of the cylinder.
O The volume of the prism is not equal to the volume of the cylinder.
N
Answers
we cannot conclude that the volume of the prism is half the volume of the cylinder, twice the volume of the cylinder, or not equal to the volume of the cylinder.
How to solve the problem ?
The given information states that the cross-sectional areas of a triangular prism and a right cylinder are congruent, and both have a height of 5 units. Based on this information, we can conclude that the volumes of the two shapes may be equal, but we cannot conclude that the volume of the prism is half or twice the volume of the cylinder.
To determine the volumes of the two shapes, we need to know their respective formulas. The volume of a triangular prism is given by V = (1/2)bh, where b is the length of the base of the triangular cross-section and h is the height of the prism. The volume of a right cylinder is given by V = πr²h, where r is the radius of the circular cross-section and h is the height of the cylinder.
Since the cross-sectional areas of the two shapes are congruent, we can assume that their bases are similar. Therefore, the base of the triangular prism must be a triangle with the same area as the circular base of the cylinder. However, without further information about the shape and size of the cross-section, we cannot determine the values of b and r.
Therefore, we cannot conclude that the volume of the prism is half the volume of the cylinder, twice the volume of the cylinder, or not equal to the volume of the cylinder. The only conclusion that can be made is that the volume of the prism is equal to the volume of the cylinder, assuming that the cross-sectional areas are congruent.
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Element X is a radi
an experiment starts out with 490 grams of Element X, write a function to represent
the mass of the sample after t years, where the monthly rate of change can be found
from a constant in the function. Round all coefficients in the function to four decimal
places. Also, determine the percentage rate of change per month, to the nearest
hundredth of a percent.
Answers
m(t) = 490(1 + r)^(12t)
This function takes into account that there are 12 months in a year, so we need to raise the quantity (1 + r) to the power of 12t to account for the number of months that have passed.
To find the percentage rate of change per month, we can use the following formula:
percentage rate of change per month = r * 100
For example, if r = 0.02, then the function to represent the mass of the sample after t years would be:
m(t) = 490(1 + 0.02)^(12t)
And the percentage rate of change per month would be:
percentage rate of change per month = 0.02 * 100 = 2%
Note that the rate of change could be positive or negative depending on the decay or growth of Element X, but the formula above assumes a positive growth rate.
y + 6 < 10 or 2y - 3> 9
Answers
Answer:
2y - 3> 9 it is not y + 6< 10
cost function definition
Answers
which value of x is in the solution set of -4/3x+5<17
A. -8
B. -9
C. -12
D. -16
Please help!
Answers
Answer:
-9
Step-by-step explanation: Definitely correct
Find f(-1).
Provide your answer below:
f(t)=-3t²-2t+1
Answers
Answer:
f(-1)=0
Step-by-step explanation:
To evaluate the function f(t) = -3t² - 2t + 1, we will start by plugging in -1 everywhere t occurs in the function :
[tex]\star \phantom{t-u} f(-1)=-3(-1)^2-2(-1)+1\\\\\\\star\phantom{t-u} f(-1)=-3*1+2+1\\\\\star\phantom{t-u} f(-1)=-3+3\\\\\underline{\star\phantom{t-u}f(-1)=0}[/tex]
[tex]\bigstar[/tex] Therefore the answer is f(-1) = 0
The circle below is centered at the point (-3, 4) and has a radius of length 3.
What is its equation?
-10
-5
5
Answers
Answer:
C. (x + 3)² + (y - 4)² = 9
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation for a circle is r² = (x - a)² + (y - b)² where "r" is the radius and (a, b) is the center.
We are given that (-3, 4) is the center and the radius is 3, so that means a = -3, b = 4, and r = 3. Insert the values to their respective places in the equation:
3² = (x - (-3))² + (y - 4)²
9 = (x + 3)² + (y - 4)²
Answer:
equation of a circle: (x-a)²+(y-b)²=r²
(x-(-3))²+(y-4)²=3²
(x+3)²+(y-4)²= 9
(x+6x+9)+(y-8y+16) =9
x+6x+9+y-8y+16=9
x+y+6x-8y+9+16-9=0
x+y+6x-8y+16 =0