According to Le Châtelier’s principle or reactions in chemical equilibrium;
2 NH₃ (g) → 3 H₂ (g) + N₂(g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
N₂ (g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO (g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the right
2 NO (g) → N₂ (g) + O₂ : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
4 NH₃ (g) + 3 O₂ (g) → 2 N₂ (g) + 6 H₂O (g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
What is equilibrium in a chemical reaction?Equilibrium in a chemical reaction refers to the point in a chemical reaction in which the rate of the formation of product from the reactants or the forward reaction is equal to the rate of formation of reactants from products or the backward reaction.
For equilibrium to be achieved in a chemical reaction the reaction must occur in a closed or isolated system.
The condition that occur in a reaction in equilibrium are described by Le Châtelier’s principle which states that for a reaction in equilibrium, the equilibrium position will shift to annul any constraint or change imposed on the system.
Considering the given reactions:
2 NH₃ (g) → 3 H₂ (g) + N₂(g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
N₂ (g) + O₂(g) → 2 NO (g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the right
2 NO (g) → N₂ (g) + O₂ : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
4 NH₃ (g) + 3 O₂ (g) → 2 N₂ (g) + 6 H₂O (g) : addition of N₂ shifts equilibrium to the left
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), the intoxicant in alcoholic beverages, is also used to make other organic compounds. In concentrated sulfuric acid, ethanol forms diethyl ether and water:
2CH3CH2OH(l) → CH3CH2OCH2CH3(l) + H2O(g)
In a side reaction, some ethanol forms ethylene and water:
CH3CH2OH(l) → CH2═CH2(g) + H2O(g)
(a) If 54.0 g of ethanol yields 28.8 g of diethyl ether, what is the percent yield of diethyl ether?
%
(b) During the process, 45.0% of the ethanol that did not produce diethyl ether reacts by the side reaction. What mass of ethylene is produced?
The percent yield of the ether is 66.5% and the mass of ethylene produced is 4.9 g.
What are the products?We know that in a reaction, we are only able to obtain the parameter of the reactions by the use of stoichiometry. This is the relationship between the reactants and the products in the process.
The reaction is given as shown in the reaction equations in the question above.
Number of moles of ethanol = 54.0 g /46 g/mol = 1.17 moles
Since 2 moles of ethanol yields 1 mole of ether
1.17 moles of ethanol yields 1.17 moles * 1 mole /2 moles
= 0.585 moles
Mass of the ether = 0.585 moles * 74 g/mol = 43.29 g
Percent yield = 28.8 g/ 43.29 g * 100/1
= 66.5 %
Amount of unreacted ethanol = (100 - 66.5)/100 * 1.17 moles = 0.39 moles
Amount that participates in the side reaction 45.0/100 * 0.39 moles = 0.1755 moles
Given that the reaction is 1:1
Mass of ethylene produced = 0.1755 moles * 28 g/mol = 4.9 g of ethylene
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Which type of energy does alpha decay generate?
O kinetic
O potential
O sound
O electromagnetic
Answer: kinetic or A :)
Explanation: kinetic energy Alpha particles have typical kinetic energy of 5 MeV (or ≈ 0.13% of their total energy 110 TJ/kg) and have a speed of about 15 000 000 m/s or 5% of the speed of light.
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State how are the elements of a period arranged in the modern periodic table, from left to right.
a:In order of increasing atomic mass
b:In order of increasing atomic number
c:In order of decreasing atomic mass
Answer: B
Explanation:
The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Changing the number of neutrons means you get an isotope of the same element. Changing the number of electrons does not affect the atom but affects the charge of the atom. So the periodic table is arranged by increasing the number of protons or atomic numbers.
2. (01.01 HC)
Describe the role of consumers in a food web. Are consumers heterotrophs? Justify your answer. (7 points)
Yes the all types of the consumers are the heterotrophs.
What role play the consumers in a food web? Are consumers heterotrophs?
The consumers play a very important role in the ecosystem of the earth by maintaining the population and growth to the organism of the ecosystem. If we remove the consumer or either the producer then the whole system of the ecosystem will be destabilize, and thus the ecosystem can survive from the overpopulation problem and lack of food problem. The other organism can transfer energy to the consumer.
Both the primary (herbivores) and as well as the secondary (carnivores and omnivores) consumers are heterotrophs.
So we can conclude that yes the all types of the consumers are the heterotrophs.
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Which of the following contains as many atoms as 18 g of water, H₂O?
The correct answer is option c) Three moles of sodium, Na.
We know that
18g of H₂O = 1 mol
So, no. of atoms in H₂O = 3 x 6.022 x 10²³
= 1.81 x 10²⁴ atoms(both H&O atoms combined)
Now,
No. of atoms in 1 mol of H₂ = 2 x 6.022 x 10²³
= 1.2044 x 10²⁴ atoms.
No. of atoms in 2 mol of NaCl = 2 x 6.022 x 10²³
= 1.2044 × 10²⁴ atoms.
No. of atoms in 2 mol of O₂ = 2 x 6.022 x 10²³
= 1.2044 × 10²⁴ atoms.
No. of atoms in 3 mol Na = 3 x 6.022 x 10²³
= 1.81 x 10²⁴ Na atoms.
Therefore, 3 mol of Na contains as many atoms as 18g of H₂O i.e., 1.81 x 10²⁴ atoms.
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Which Of The Following Contains As Many Atoms As 18 G Of Water, H2O?
a) One mole of hydrogen, H₂
b) Three moles of sodium, Na
c) Two moles of sodium chloride, NaCl
d) Two moles of oxygen, O₂
What site is located in the structure of tRNA
The structure of tRNA resembles cloverleaf.
tRNA is called transfer RNA, which is a small RNA molecule which plays important role in protein synthesis.-It serves as link between messenger RNA and the growing chain of amino acids that make up protein.
tRNA molecules fold into structure resembling cloverleaf with four important sites:-
•The acceptor stem (3’-CCA) have an amino acid
•The anticodon attaches with the mRNA codon (via complementary base pairing)
•The T arm attaches with the ribosome (via the E, P and A binding sites)
•The D arm of tRNA activating enzyme (help in adding the amino acid to the acceptor stem).
CCA is codon codes for prolein amino acid in polypeptide chain.
AUG is initiator codon codes for methionine.
UAG, UAA and UGA are stop codons.
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What is the mass grams that are in 2.57 × 10¹⁵ molecules of CO?
20 g of sugar is there than to 150 g of 50 what is the mass of the solution formed
The mass of the solution formed when 20 g of sugar dissolved in 150 g of tea is 170 g.
The net mass of solution is calculated as the algebraic addition of the mass of the solute which is stirred into the mass of the solvent.
During the formation of solution, the sugar molecules are dissolved into tea in which sugar molecules fitted into the intermolecular spaces present between the water molecules of the tea and form a homogenous mixture.
What is solvent?Solvent is the substance or mixture which present in large amount in the solution.
What is solute?Solute is the substance or mixture which present in small amount in the solution.
Given,
Mass of solute (sugar) = 20g
Mass of solvent (tea) = 150g
Total mass of solution = 20 + 150
= 170g.
Thus we concluded that the mass of the solution formed when 20 g of sugar dissolved in 150 g of tea is 170 g.
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To create water from its component atoms, a bond must form between each of the hydrogens and the oxygen. Given that hydrogen is not able to donate its single electron, how does the water molecule form? Could u simple it after you explain it?
Given that hydrogen is not able to donate its single electron, the water molecule forms by the sharing of electrons between two hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom.
What is Covalent bond?This is the type of bond which occurs when the electrons of an atom are shared unlike electrovalent bond which is formed when the electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
In this case, since hydrogen can't transfer electron and oxygen needs two electrons to achieve its stable configuration then two hydrogen atoms will share one electron each with the oxygen atom which results in the formation of water.
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Convert 7.27 m^3 to ft^3
256.73 ft
Convert 7.27 [tex]m^3[/tex] to[tex]ft^3[/tex]
as per above , we have to convert [tex]m^3[/tex] into [tex]ft^3[/tex]
now:
1 [tex]m^3[/tex] = 35.31 [tex]ft^3[/tex]
7.27 [tex]m^3[/tex] = 35.31 [tex]\times[/tex] 7.27 [tex]m^3[/tex]
= 256.73 ft
meter cubic and feet both are volumetric unit
Volume is the amount of space an object take upV = Length x Wide x Height is the formula to find the volume of a regular shaped object or 3 dimensional objectCubic Feet is the Volume of a cube is one foot on each sideCubic Meteris the Volume of a cube is one meter on each side.To know more about Volume visit :
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Why must scientists always communicate their results
Answer: To Know That They Did Nothing Wrong
Explanation:
For Example, They Maybe Put The Wrong Thing
Or They Made The Different One Instead Of What They Were Supposed To Do
Write 3.0 x 108 in standard form.
A) 30000000
B) 300000000
C) 3000000000
D) 3000000
You have a solution of 0.250 MNaCl. If you boil away 2/3 of the volume of water, what is the concentration of this solution?
The concentration of the new solution, given that 2/3 of it's initial volume was boiled away is 0.758 M
The following data were obtained from the question:
Concentration of stock solution (M₁) = 0.250 MVolume of stock solution (V₁) = 1 mL Volume of water boiled away = 2/3 = 0.67 mL Volume of new solution (V₂) = 1 - 0.67 = 0.33 mL Concentration of new solution (M₂) =? How to determine the concentration of the new solutionThe molarity of the new solution can be obtained as follow:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
0.250 × 1 = M₂ × 0.33
0.250 = M₂ × 0.33
Divide both side by 0.33
M₂ = 0.250 / 0.33
M₂ = 0.758 M
Thus, the concentration of the new solution is 0.758 M
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Select all that are "exact numbers" and therefore have an unlimited number of significant figures
A)
12 inches= 1 foot
B)
60 min= 1 hour
C)
1 pig= 88 kg
D)
my car speed= 55 mi per hour
E)
pie= 3.14
Answer:
b.
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o Convert 6.49 x 10-3 m to the equivalent length in nanometers.
Remember that 1 nanometer is equal to 1 x 109, therefore multiply 6.49 x 10-3 m by 1 x 109 to get the answer. The correct response is 6.49 x 10-3 m = 6.49 x 106 nm.
What are nanometers used for?
The measuring unit known as a nanometer (NM) is one billionth of a meter. It is frequently used as a scale for creating intricate, atomic-scale parts, particularly in nanotechnology.
What dimension does a nanometer have?
How tiny is "nano" exactly? One nanometer is one billionth of a meter since the prefix "nano" in the International System of Units refers to one billionth, or 10-9. Here are some samples to help you visualize how little that is: About 100,000 nanometers make up a sheet of paper.
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The rate of effusion of NH3 is 2.40 mole/min. What would be the rate of effusion of He under the same conditions?
The rate of effusion of helium under same conditions as that of ammonia is 4.897 mole/min.
Rate of effusion of ammonia is 0.49 times the effusion of helium.Thus, to find out effusion of helium ,effusion of ammonia is divided by 0.49.
Thus, effusion of helium=effusion of ammonia/0.49
=2.40/0.49
=4.897 mole/min.
What is rate of effusion?Effusion relates to the ability of gas to travel through a small opening.Rate of effusion of a gaseous substance is inversely proportional to square root of it's molar mass.The relationship between molar mass and rate of effusion is called Graham's law.
Effusion rate directly depends on the average velocity with which a particle moves.Higher the velocity of particles,higher is the effusion rate.
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How does a physical change take place in making a s’more
Answer: The Marshmellow
Explanation
The marshmallow turns from a solid to a gooey texture.
Perform the following operations and express the answers in scientific notation: SHOW YOUR WORK
1) (1.2 * 10^5) + (5.35*10^6)
2) (6.91*10^-2) + (2.4* 10^-3)
3) (9.70*10^6) + (8.3*10^5)
The given operations are performed
and the expressions are presented
in scientific notation as follows;
1) (1.2 × 10⁵) + (5.35 × 10⁶) = 5.47 × 10⁶
2) (6.91 × 10^(-2) + (2.4 × 10^(-3)) = 7.15 × 10^(-2)
3) (9.70 × 10⁶) + (8.3 × 10⁶) = 1.053 × 10⁷
How can the given operations be performed and results presented in scientific notation?1) (1.2 × 10⁵) + (5.35 × 10⁶)
(1.2 × 10⁵) + (5.35 × 10⁶) = (1.2 × 10⁵) + (53.5 × 10⁵)
(1.2 × 10⁵) + (53.5 × 10⁵) = (1.2 + 53.5) × 10⁵
(1.2 + 53.5) × 10⁵ = 54.7 × 10⁵
54.7 × 10⁵ = 5.47 × 10⁶
Therefore;
(1.2 × 10⁵) + (5.35 × 10⁶) = 5.47 × 10⁶
2) (6.91 × 10^(-2) + (2.4 × 10^(-3))
(6.91 × 10^(-2) + (2.4 × 10^(-3)) = (69.1 × 10^(-3) + (2.4 × 10^(-3))
(69.1 × 10^(-3) + (2.4 × 10^(-3)) = (69.1 + 2.4) × 10^(-3)
(69.1 + 2.4) × 10^(-3) = 71.5 × 10^(-3)
71.5 × 10^(-3) = 7.15 × 10^(-2)
Therefore;
(6.91 × 10^(-2) + (2.4 × 10^(-3)) = 7.15 × 10^(-2)
3) (9.70 × 10⁶) + (8.3 × 10⁵)
(9.70 × 10⁶) + (8.3 × 10⁵) = (97.0 × 10⁵) + (8.3 × 10⁵)
(97.0 × 10⁵) + (8.3 × 10⁵) = (97.0 + 8.3) × 10⁵
(97.0 + 8.3) × 10⁵ = 105.3 × 10⁵
105.3 × 10⁵ = 1.053 × 10⁷
Therefore;
(9.70 × 10⁶) + (8.3 × 10⁵) = 1.053 × 10⁷
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HELP!!
Calculate the heat absorbed by 50.00 g of iron when its temperature is raised from 10.00 0 C to 60.00 C. The specific heat of iron is 0.449J/g C.
Heat absorbed by 50 g of iron is 898 Joule.
Heat transfer between two bodies, which can take place through conduction, convection, or radiation, is referred to as heat absorption.
Specific heat - The amount of heat needed to raise a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius in one gram, also known as specific heat. The units of specific heat are usually expressed in terms of calories or joules per gram per degree Celsius. The specific heat of water, for instance, is 1 calorie (or 4.186 joules) per gram per degree Celsius.
The formula of specific heat-
q = mc ΔT
where Q is heat absorbed, m is mass and ΔT is change in temperature.
m = 50 g
c = 0.449 J/g C
ΔT = 60 - 10
= 40 °C
∴q = 50 x 0.449 x 40
q = 898 J
Hence, heat absorbed by 50 g of iron is 898 Joule.
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Fluorine,chlorine and bromine which one has the strongest base
Fluorine has the strongest base among fluorine, chlorine and bromine.
Fluorine belongs to the group of halogens. It is represented with the letter F and has an atomic number 9. Fluorine is the smallest element among the halogens and hence its electrons are attached very strongly with the nucleus. As a result, fluorine has the most tendency to accept electron to complete its valence shell and therefore is the strongest base.
Bases are the molecules or ions that can accept electrons to complete their outer valence shell. This justifies fluorine being the strongest base among halogens. Bases are generally bitter in taste, with a soapy touch. A pH above 7 specifies basicity.
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A compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is analyzed using combustion analysis. When 55.5 g of the compound is burned, 98.9 g of carbon dioxide and 40.5 g of water are collected.
Given that there are 2.25 moles of carbon and 4.50 moles of hydrogen produced in the reaction, calculate the mass of oxygen in the original compound. You will need to subtract the mass of the carbon that ended up in the carbon dioxide and the mass of the hydrogen that ended up in the water from the mass of the original compound.
Answer:
Determining an Empirical Formula from Combustion Data
Explanation:
Step 1: Identify the mass of carbon dioxide and water produced by the combustion.
Step 2: Find how many moles of carbon are in carbon dioxide.
Step 3: Find how many moles of hydrogen are in water.
Hydrogen reacts with chlorine according to
the equation:
H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) → 2HCl(g)
What is the total volume of gas present in
the container at the end of the experiment if
100 cm³ of hydrogen is reacted with 200 cm³
of chlorine?
When the total number of reactants and products are the same in the reaction it is called a balanced chemical equation. The balanced chemical equation of H2+ Cl2 → 2HCl(g)
What is a balanced chemical equation?When the total number of reactants and products are the same in the reaction it is called a balanced chemical equation. In the given reaction one mole of 70 g of hydrogen reacts with 2 moles of Cl.
100 g of chlorine reacts with 2/ 70 * 100 = 2.86 gram of hydrogen.
70 grams of chlorine will produce 73 g of HCl.
100 gram of chlorine produce 73/ 70 * 100 = 104.28 g of HCl.
Therefore, When the total number of reactants and products are the same in the reaction it is called a balanced chemical equation. The balanced chemical equation of H2+ Cl2 → 2HCl(g).
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The frequency of a radio wave was measured to be (9.3x10^8) Hz What is the energy of the radio wave in kilojoules (kJ)?
1 Hz = 1 s–1
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J.s
The energy of the radio wave in kilojoules is obtained as 6.2 * 10^-25 J.
What is a wave?The term wave has to do with a disturbance along a medium which transfers energy. There are different kinds of wave. In this case, a radio wave is a type of electromagnetic wave. The electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. This implies that they are able to move on their own with no medium.
Thus;
We know that;
Frequency of the wave = 9.3x10^8 Hz
Plank's constant = 6.626 x 10^-34 J.s
E = hf
E = energy of the wave
h = Plank's constant
f = frequency of the waves
E = 9.3x10^8 Hz * 6.626 x 10^-34 J.s
= 6.2 * 10^-25 J
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A rectangular painting has an area of 2890square centimeters. What is its area in square inches? Round to the nearest square inch. Do not include the units in your answer.
The area of the rectangular painting which is 2890 square centimeters is equivalent to 447.95 square inches
How to convert cm² to in²?Square inch (in²) is a unit of area equal to the area of a square the sides of which are each one inch long.
Square centimeter (cm²) is another unit of area equal to that of a square of sides 1 centimeter.
The conversion factor of square centimeter to square inches is as follows:
1 square centimetre = 0.155 square inch
2890 square centimeters = 447.95 square inches
Therefore, the area of the rectangular painting which is 2890 square centimeters is equivalent to 447.95 square inches.
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A reaction vessel contains 4.800 g of CO and 4.800 g of O2. What is the maximum number of moles of CO2 recovered, based on the number of moles of the given reactants?
The maximum number of moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex] that can be recovered from the reaction vessel would be 0.17 moles.
Stoichiometric calculationThe reaction vessel contains:
4.800 g CO4.800 g [tex]O_2[/tex]The equation of the reaction would be as follows:
[tex]2CO + O_2 --- > 2CO_2[/tex]
The mole ratios of the reactants to the product are as follows:
CO to [tex]CO_2[/tex] = 1:1[tex]O_2[/tex] to [tex]CO_2[/tex] = 1:24.800 g of CO = 4.8/28
= 0.17 moles
4.800 g of [tex]O_2[/tex] = 4.8/32
= 0.15 moles
Since the mole ratio of CO to [tex]O_2[/tex] is 2 to 1, 0.17 of CO is limiting.
The mole ratio of CO to [tex]CO_2[/tex] is 1 to 1. Thus, the equivalent mole of [tex]CO_2[/tex] that can be recovered is also 0.17.
In other words, the maximum number of moles of [tex]CO_2[/tex] that can be recovered from the reaction vessel is 0.17 moles.
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A 2.45M of sulphiric acid solution has a density of 1.15g/ml at 20degree celesius.what is the molality of the solution in that temprature?
The Molarity of solution if a 2.45M of sulphiric acid solution has a density of 1.15g/ml at 20degree celesius is 2.69M.
Given,
Density of the solution = 1.15 g/mL
Molarity of the sulphiric acid = 2.45M
Molar mass of sulphuric acid = 98 g
Density is given as:
[tex]Molarity(\frac{1}{molarity} +\frac{mol.wt}{1000} )\\\\=2.45(\frac{1}{molarity} + \frac{98}{1000} )\\\\(\frac{1}{molarity} = (\frac{1.15}{2.45} + \frac{98}{1000} \\\\(\frac{1}{molarity} = 0.469 - 0.098\\\\(\frac{1}{molarity} = 0.371\\\\Molarity = 2.69m\\\\[/tex]
The Molarity of solution if a 2.45M of sulphiric acid solution has a density of 1.15g/ml at 20degree celesius is 2.69M.
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The image shows the products of a decomposition reaction. The larger, red spheres represent oxygen atoms, and the smaller, blue spheres represent nitrogen atoms.
In this image, there are 6 molecules composed of two red atoms bound together, and 3 molecules composed of two blue atoms bound together.
Determine the empirical formula of the reactant based on these products.
The empirical formula of the compound that decomposes is [tex]N_{2} O[/tex]
What is decomposition?The term decomposition refers to a type of reaction in which a substance is broken down into its components. We know that a compound is composed of atoms. When there is a decomposition reaction, the atoms of the compound break down.
We can see that the products of the decomposition reaction are nitrogen and oxygen. The red spheres represent oxygen atoms, and the smaller, blue spheres represent nitrogen atoms.
We know that nitrous oxide decomposes to give nitrogen and oxygen. Thus the empirical formula of the compound is [tex]N_{2} O[/tex].
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You have a solution of 0.250 M NaCl. If you boil away 2/3 of the volume of water, what is the concentration of this solution in moles?
The concentration of this solution in moles is 0.75 M.
What is concentration of a solution?
The concentration of a solution is a measure of the amount of solute that has been dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution.
Mathematically. concentration is given as;
C = n/V
where;
n is the number of molesV is the volume of the solutionC is concentrationAt a constant number of moles;
C1V1 = C2V2
When you boil away 2/3 volume, the new volume becomes 1/3
So V1 = V
V2 = 1/3V = 0.3333V
Substitute the given parameters and solve for the new concentration.
C2 = (C1V1)/V2
C2 = (0.25 x V) / (0.3333V)
C2 = 0.75 M
Thus, the concentration of this solution in moles is 0.75 M.
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Which of the following is NOT a way that chemists use to measure that a reaction has taken place?
Select one:
a.
Changes in the concentrations of reactants and products.
b.
Color change.
c.
By manually counting the actual atoms and molecules in the reaction.
d.
Change in pH.
Answer: a
Explanation:
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a piece of magnesium in the shape of a cube measures with a height of 5.62 cm. If the magnesium sample has a mass of 14.1 g, what is the density of the sample
A piece of magnesium in the shape of cube measuring with height of 5.62 cm, and this magnesium sample having mass of 1.41 g has a density of 1.78 g/cm³.
What is Density?
Density is known as the mass of substance per unit volume. Density is denoted by a Greek symbol ρ. Density is equal to the mass substance divided by its volume. The SI unit of Density is g/cm ³or kg/m³.
ρ = m
v
where,
ρ = density
m = mass
v = volume
Given :
Height of the cylinder is 5.62 cm ,
Diameter of the cylinder is 1.34 cm
Radius = D/2 = 1.34/2 cm
Radius = 0.67 cm
Volume of cylinder = πr²h
Volume of cylinder = 3.14 × (0.67)² × 5.62
= 7.92 cm³
Density = Mass
Volume
Density = 14.1
7.92
Density = 1.78 g/cm³
Hence, the density of sample = 1.78 g/cm³ .
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