We need to calculate the present value of the expected dividends. Using a financial calculator, we can find that the present value of the first dividend of $1.1 received in one year is $0.964.
The present value of the second dividend of $1.7 received in two years is $1.287, and the present value of the third dividend of $1.9 received in three years is $1.354. Next, we need to calculate the present value of the stock's perpetuity value. Using the Gordon growth model, we can calculate the stock's perpetuity value as the dividend expected in year 4 ($1.9 x 1.08) divided by the difference between the stock's required return and its expected growth rate, which is 14% - 8% = 6%. Thus, the perpetuity value is $45.36.
Finally, we can calculate the current price of the stock by adding the present value of the expected dividends and the present value of the perpetuity value. The current price of the stock is $0.964 + $1.287 + $1.354 + $45.36 = $48.94.
Therefore, the stock's current price (price at year 0) should be $48.94.
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Which is an example of an e-marketplace? a. An internet service provider b. A uniform resource locator c. An e-distributor d. An e-auction
An illustration of an e-marketplace is a supplier of internet service. Option a is Correct.
The proprietor of the website manages all transactions in what is commonly referred to as an electronic marketplace. Online marketplaces are used by businesses to connect with consumers who wish to buy their goods and services. Online markets like Amazon, eBay, and Craigslist are examples. A virtual online market called an e-marketplace allows companies to sign up as buyers or sellers and conduct business-to-business e-commerce via the internet.
E-marketplaces come in a variety of shapes and sizes and use a variety of business methods. Any location where producers, merchants, or distributors sell and customers buy is a market. Websites, main streets, and stores are a few examples. The phrase may also be used to describe all customers who purchase a good or service. Option a is Correct.
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The long run is a planning period: a. less than one year. b. during which the firm can vary all inputs including its plant size. c. less than five years. d. less than six months.
The long run is a planning period during which the firm can vary all inputs including its plant size.
A company can regard all inputs as variables over the long term when planning. There is a time frame known as the long run during which all cost and production elements are erratic. Firms can alter all costs over the long term, but in the near term, they can only affect pricing by changing their production levels. A company may also anticipate challenge in the long run, even though it may currently have a dominance in the near term.
A long run is a period of time when a producer or manufacturer may be flexible with its manufacturing choices. On the basis of anticipated earnings, businesses can either increase or decrease their production capacity, or enter or leave a certain industry.
Option B is the correct answer.
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The article Foundational perspective for ethical and socially responsible marketing decisions" (Murphy et al. , 2017),
The article "Foundational perspective for ethical and socially responsible marketing decisions" (Murphy et al., 2017) provides valuable insights into the importance of ethical and socially responsible marketing practices.
The article by Murphy et al. (2017) focuses on providing a foundational perspective for ethical and socially responsible marketing decisions.
This is achieved by discussing various aspects of ethical marketing, including the importance of moral philosophy, ethical decision-making models, and marketing ethics theories. The authors emphasize the need for marketing professionals to be aware of the ethical implications of their decisions and to strive for a more responsible and sustainable approach to marketing. The authors argue that these practices should be integrated into every aspect of a company's operations, from product development to advertising and communication strategies. They suggest that companies should adopt a long-term perspective and focus on building strong relationships with their customers based on trust, transparency, and social responsibility. The article also highlights the need for companies to take into account the broader social and environmental impacts of their actions and to work towards creating a sustainable future for all stakeholders. Overall, the article provides a useful framework for companies looking to develop more ethical and socially responsible marketing strategies.In summary, Murphy et al.'s (2017) article highlights the importance of considering ethical and social responsibility when making marketing decisions. It provides a comprehensive overview of moral philosophy, ethical decision-making models, and marketing ethics theories, encouraging marketers to adopt a more responsible and sustainable approach to their work.
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Pepperdine reported net sales of $8,500 million, net income of $126 million and average accounts receivable, net of $680 million. its accounts receivable turnover is:
Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover is 12.5 times.
To calculate the accounts receivable turnover, we need to divide the net sales by the average accounts receivable, net.
Accounts Receivable Turnover = Net Sales / Average Accounts Receivable, Net
Using the given figures, we can calculate the accounts receivable turnover as follows:
Accounts Receivable Turnover = $8,500 million / $680 million
Accounts Receivable Turnover = 12.5
Therefore, Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover is 12.5 times. This means that on average, Pepperdine collects its accounts receivable 12.5 times during a year.
A high accounts receivable turnover indicates that a company has efficient collections procedures and is collecting its excellent receivables quickly.
On the other hand, a low accounts receivable turnover indicates that a company is taking longer to collect its outstanding receivables, which can lead to cash flow issues.
In this case, Pepperdine's accounts receivable turnover of 12.5 is relatively high, which indicates that the company has an efficient collections process and is collecting its outstanding receivables quickly.
This is a positive sign for the company's financial health as it helps to maintain a healthy cash flow and ensures that the company can meet its financial obligations.
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economies of scale are part 2 a. decreases in information costs that occur as transactions costs increase. b. the reduction in costs per unit that accompanies an increase in volume. c. charges to savers and borrowers imposed by banks in exchange for reducing transactions costs. d. decreases in transactions costs that occur as information costs increase.
Economies of scale are commonly defined as the reduction in costs per unit that accompanies an increase in volume. Option B.
This means that as the production or output of a company increases, the cost of producing each unit of output decreases. This can be attributed to a number of factors, such as spreading fixed costs over a larger output, increased bargaining power with suppliers, and specialization of labor.
One important factor in achieving economies of scale is the reduction in transactions costs. Transactions costs refer to the costs associated with exchanging goods, services, or information between parties.
As a company grows and its output increases, it is likely to engage in more transactions, whether it be with suppliers, customers, or other stakeholders.
By reducing transactions costs, a company can achieve economies of scale by lowering the cost of each transaction.One way to reduce transactions costs is by decreasing information costs.
Information costs refer to the costs associated with acquiring, processing, and transmitting information.
In summary, economies of scale are achieved through a combination of factors, including the reduction of transactions costs. Decreases in information costs can help to reduce transactions costs, which in turn can lead to lower costs per unit and increased efficiencies. However, in some cases, companies may need to increase the scale of their operations in order to achieve economies of scale. Option B.
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When a customer needs any product to buy, a customer goes to the website and chooses the product they want to buy. After the selection of the product, a customer will select the mode of payment, whether it is online or offline and after that product will checkout and ordered. The ordered products information has been exchanged with customer and delivery logistics. This process is being done in just a matter of minutes only. For e-commerce enablement, getting an internet merchant bank account, web hosting, obtaining the digital certificate provider for online transactions, purchasing, or creating the shopping cart software
The process of purchasing products through an e-commerce website involves several important steps. The customer will select the desired product and then proceed to choose the mode of payment, which can be online or offline.
Once the payment is made, the product is checked out and ordered. This process typically takes just a matter of minutes.For an e-commerce website to be enabled, certain key components are required.
These include getting an internet merchant bank account, web hosting, and obtaining a digital certificate provider for online transactions.
In addition, purchasing or creating a shopping cart software is necessary to facilitate the checkout process and manage the products.
Overall, the process of e-commerce enablement can be complex, but it is essential for businesses that want to sell their products online.
By investing in the necessary components and tools, businesses can streamline the purchasing process for customers and increase their online sales.
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True and False. If False, write a brief note on the reason: a. For Data Warehouses, data is usually extracted from one or more data source systems. b. Transactional database application's typical goals is to get the data out of the system for Analytical purposes. c. Number of users of a Data Warehouse are typically lesser than the number of users for a transactional database application. d. Data in a transaction system is read-only and is not updated or deleted while data in the Data Warehouse is read, deleted and updated often. e. Data Warehouse is also a database with different structure and lesser number of tables compared to a transactional database.
a. True. For Data Warehouses, data is usually extracted from one or more data source systems.
b. False. Transactional database application's typical goals is to get the data out of the system for Analytical purposes.
c. True. Number of users of a Data Warehouse are typically lesser than the number of users for a transactional database application.
d. False. Data in a transaction system is read-only and is not updated or deleted while data in the Data Warehouse is read, deleted and updated often.
e. False. Data Warehouse is also a database with different structure and lesser number of tables compared to a transactional database.
Understanding data warehousea. Data warehouses are designed to support the process of extracting data from one or more source systems in order to analyze it and make more informed business decisions.
b. The typical goal of a transactional database application is to manage the operational data of an organization in real-time. While this data may be used for analytical purposes, the primary goal of a transactional system is to capture, store, and process data in real-time as it is generated.
c. Data warehouses are often used by a smaller number of users than transactional database applications. This is because data warehouses are designed for strategic decision-making and analysis, while transactional systems are used by a larger number of operational users who need to access and update data in real-time.
d. Data in a transactional system is often updated, deleted, and read in real-time as it is generated, while data in a data warehouse is typically read-only and updated on a periodic basis.
e. Data warehouses typically have a different structure than transactional databases, but they often contain more tables rather than fewer. This is because data warehouses are designed to support complex analysis and reporting, which requires a high degree of granularity and detail.
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Clean123 Inc. is a closing out it’s dividends account. Which account will it use in the closing entry?
A. service revenue b. retained earnings C. income summary D. operating expenses
Clean123 Inc. will use the Income Summary account to close out its dividends account.
Clean123 Inc. is closing out its dividends account and must record a closing entry to transfer the balance to another account.
The four options presented are service revenue, retained earnings, income summary, and operating expenses. Of these options, Clean123 Inc.
would use the Income Summary account to close out its dividends account.
The Income Summary account is used to summarize all of the company's revenues and expenses for the accounting period and determine the net income or loss.
This account is used in the closing process to transfer the balances of temporary accounts, including dividends, to the Retained Earnings account, which is a permanent account that tracks the company's earnings over time.
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Hercules Exercise Equipment Co. Purchased a computerized measuring device two years ago for $50,000. The equipment falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation and can currently be sold for $20,800. A new piece of equipment will cost $140,000. It also falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation. Assume the new equipment would provide the following stream of added cost savings for the next six years. Use Table 12–12. Use Appendix B for an approximate answer but calculate your final answer using the formula and financial calculator methods
If the company sells the old equipment for $20,800 and purchases the new equipment for $140,000, the net cost would be $111,200 ($140,000 - $20,800 - $128,983).
Based on the given information, Hercules Exercise Equipment Co. purchased a computerized measuring device two years ago for $50,000, which falls into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation. It can currently be sold for $20,800.
To determine the remaining book value of the equipment, we need to calculate the accumulated depreciation so far. Assuming straight-line depreciation, the annual depreciation expense would be $10,000 ($50,000/5 years). Therefore, the accumulated depreciation after two years would be $20,000 ($10,000 x 2 years). The remaining book value of the equipment would be $30,000 ($50,000 - $20,000).
If the company decides to sell the old equipment and purchase a new piece of equipment for $140,000, the cost of the new equipment would fall into the five-year category for MACRS depreciation as well. Using Table 12-12, the depreciation percentages for the five-year category are as follows:
Year 1: 20.00%
Year 2: 32.00%
Year 3: 19.20%
Year 4: 11.52%
Year 5: 11.52%
Year 6: 5.76%
Assuming the new equipment would provide the following stream of added cost savings for the next six years:
Year 1: $20,000
Year 2: $25,000
Year 3: $30,000
Year 4: $35,000
Year 5: $40,000
Year 6: $45,000
To calculate the net present value of these cost savings, we need to discount each cash flow back to the present using the company's required rate of return. Assuming a required rate of return of 10%, we can use the formula:
NPV = (CF1 / (1 + r)^1) + (CF2 / (1 + r)^2) + ... + (CFn / (1 + r)^n)
Where CF represents the cash flow for each year, r represents the required rate of return, and n represents the number of years.
Using a financial calculator or spreadsheet software, we can calculate the NPV of the cost savings to be $128,983.
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Company manufactures two products X and Y, by using the three machines A, B, and C. Each unit of X takes 1 hour on machine A, 3 hours on machine B and 10 hours on machine C. Similarly, product Y takes one hour, 8 hours and 7 hours on Machine A, B, and C respectively. In the coming planning period, 40 hours of machine A, 240 hours of machine B and 350 hours of machine C is available for production. Each unit of X brings a profit of $ 5 and Y brings $ 7 per unit. How much of X and Y are to be manufactured by the company for maximizing the profit? Regard the homework you have to * formulate thw linear programming problem * find the optimal solution using the graphical approach/ corner points
An optimal function is a mathematical function that is optimized subject to certain constraints. In the context of linear programming, the optimal function is the objective function that is to be maximized or minimized subject to the constraints of the problem.
To find out how much of products X and Y the company should manufacture to maximize profit, we need to formulate the linear programming problem and find the optimal solution using the graphical approach/corner points.
Step 1: Define the variables
Let x represent the number of units of product X and y represent the number of units of product Y.
Step 2: Write down the objective function
The company wants to maximize profit, and each unit of X brings a profit of $5 and Y brings $7 per unit. So the objective function is:
Maximize P = 5x + 7y
Step 3: Write down the constraints
Machine A has 40 hours available: 1x + 1y ≤ 40
Machine B has 240 hours available: 3x + 8y ≤ 240
Machine C has 350 hours available: 10x + 7y ≤ 350
And, both x and y should be non-negative: x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
Step 4: Graph the feasible region
Plot the constraints on a graph and find the feasible region where all the constraints are satisfied.
Step 5: Identify the corner points
Find the corner points of the feasible region. These are the points where the constraints intersect.
Step 6: Calculate the objective function value at each corner point
Evaluate the objective function, P = 5x + 7y, at each of the corner points.
Step 7: Determine the optimal solution
The corner point with the highest value of the objective function is the optimal solution. This will give you the number of units of products X and Y the company should manufacture to maximize profit.
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Baillie Power leased high-tech electronic equipment from Courtney Leasing on January 1, 2021. Courtney purchased the equipment from Doane Machines at a cost of $253,000, its fair value. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided. ) Related Information: Lease term 2 years (8 quarterly periods) Quarterly lease payments $18,000 at Jan. 1, 2021, and at Mar. 31, June 30, Sept. 30, and Dec. 31 thereafter Economic life of asset 5 years Interest rate charged by the lessor 8% Required: Prepare a lease amortization schedule and appropriate entries for Baillie Power from the beginning of the lease through December 31, 2021. December 31 is the fiscal year end for each company. Appropriate adjusting entries are recorded at the end of each quarter
This concludes the lease amortization schedule and appropriate entries for Baillie Power from the beginning of the lease through December 31, 2021.
Lease Amortization Schedule for Baillie Power is shown below.
Journal entries for Baillie Power:
01/01/21
Leased Equipment $237,372
Lease Obligation Payable $237,372
(To record the lease of high-tech electronic equipment from Courtney Leasing)
03/31/21
Lease Obligation Payable $14,638
Interest Expense $1,352
Cash $18,000
(To record the quarterly lease payment and interest expense)
12/31/21
Lease Obligation Payable $18,462
Interest Expense $1,784
Leased Equipment $3,926
(To record the quarterly lease payment, interest expense, and reduction in lease obligation)
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What is the main benefit of the extreme programming (XP)software development?a) emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate thesystems development processb) begins or ends each day with a
The main benefit of the extreme programming (XP) software development is that it "emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate the systems development process" (option A).
Extreme Programming (XP) is a software development methodology that is iterative and incremental. XP is an agile software development framework that has been developed to help development teams increase their software development speed, quality, and flexibility.
The main objective of Extreme Programming is to provide a high-quality software product while ensuring that the development team enjoys their work. The primary goal of Extreme Programming is to provide developers with a process and tools that enable them to respond rapidly to evolving customer requirements.
The following are some of the advantages of Extreme Programming:
It focuses on providing high-quality software.It emphasizes extensive user involvement to accelerate the systems development process.It's adaptable to changing requirements and quickly responds to new project features.It emphasizes communication and teamwork and relies heavily on pair programming.A collective code ownership approach is employed in which all developers have equal rights to the code's creation and modification.
Option A is the answer.
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A small company manufacturers of two types of office chairs, the swivel and no-swivel models. The manufacturing process consists of two principal departments: fabrication and finishing. The fabrication department has 24 skilled workers, each of whom works 8 hours per day. The finishing department has 6 workers, who also work a 8-hour shift. A swivel type requires 9 labor hours in the fabricating department and 2 labor hours in finishing. The no-swivel model requires 12 labor hours in fabricating and 3 labor hours in finishing. The company makes a net profit of $235 on the swivel model, and $320 on the no-swivel model. The company anticipates selling at least twice as many of the swivel models as no- swivel models. The company will use linear programming to determine how many of each model should be produced on daily basis in order to maximize its net profit.Suppose that an additional skilled worker is added to the fabrication department. How do you expect this additional resource to affect the optimal profit?a. The optimal profit will neither increase nor decrease.b. The optimal profit will increase by about $210.c. The optimal profit will increase by about $450.d. It's not known how the optimal profit will change.
We expect this additional resource to affect the optimal profit that It's not known how the optimal profit will change. So, the correct answer is D.
How do the additional resource to affect the optimal profitAdding an additional skilled worker to the fabrication department will increase the available labor hours in that department.
Since the company wants to maximize its net profit using linear programming, it is likely that this additional resource will lead to an increase in the optimal profit.
However, without knowing the exact linear programming solution and the constraints, it is not possible to determine the exact amount by which the optimal profit will increase. Therefore, the correct answer is: d. It's not known how the optimal profit will change.
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Cash 9,900 accounts payable 2,700
accounts receivable 4,500 debt 3,500
inventory 3,800 other liabilities 1,000
property plant & equipment 16,800 total liabilities 7,200
other assets 1,600 paid-in capital 8,000
retained earnings 21,400
total equity 29,400
total assets 36,600 total liabilities & equity 36,600
1. sell product for $35,000 with historical cost of $28,000
2. sell product for $20,000 with historical cost of $16,000
3. sell product for $25,000 with historical cost of $20,000
required:
what is the final amount in retained earnings?
To determine the final amount in retained earnings, we need more information about the company's financial transactions. Retained earnings are the portion of a company's net income that is not distributed as dividends to shareholders but is instead retained for future use.
We would need to know the company's net income or loss for the period in question, as well as any dividends paid to shareholders during that time. We would also need information on any other adjustments made to retained earnings, such as prior period adjustments or changes in accounting policies.
Without this information, we cannot calculate the final amount in retained earnings. However, we can make some general observations about the company's financial position based on the information provided.
We know that the company has $9,900 in cash and $2,700 in accounts payable. This suggests that the company has some liquidity, but may also have some short-term debts that need to be paid. Depending on the size of the company and the industry in which it operates, this could be a healthy financial position or a cause for concern.
Overall, we need more information to determine the final amount in retained earnings and assess the company's financial health. It is important for investors and stakeholders to have access to complete and accurate financial statements in order to make informed decisions about the company's future.
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What are SMART goals?a. specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and timelyb. short-term, multidimensional, affordable, realistic, and tangiblec. specific, multidimensional, attainable, reliable, and timelyd. short-term, measurable, adaptable, reliable, and tangible
SMART goals refer to "Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely" objectives. Therefore, the correct answer is:
a. Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely
Here's a brief explanation of each term:
1. Specific: The goal should be clear and well-defined.
2. Measurable: The goal should have criteria to track progress and measure success.
3. Attainable: The goal should be achievable and not impossible.
4. Realistic: The goal should be within reach, considering available resources and constraints.
5. Timely: The goal should have a timeframe or deadline for completion.
Thus, the correct answer to the question what are SMART goals is option a.
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Business ethics is the study of business situations, activities and decisions 2 points where maximizing profit is stressed. False True
The answer is False. Business ethics is the study of principles and values that guide behavior in the world of business.
While profitability is a crucial aspect of any business, business ethics also recognizes that a company must operate within the bounds of the law and ethical standards, and consider the impact of its decisions on various stakeholders such as employees, customers, shareholders, and the broader society. Thus, maximizing profit is not always the primary objective in business ethics, and sometimes ethical considerations may require a business to forgo profits in favor of doing what is right and just.
A business is by definition an organization or enterprising entity engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activity. Businesses may be for-profit businesses or nonprofit organizations. Limited liability firms are a different sort of company from partnerships, corporations, and sole proprietorships. Economic activity: A firm that is run with the goal of producing money is considered to be engaging in economic activity. Trade is a component of business, including the exchange of goods and services. Making products for personal consumption is not seen as business.
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Prior people in your support network that contribute to personal growth, guidance, direction and encouragement to succeed academically
Prior people in a person's support network can play a critical role in contributing to their personal growth, guidance, direction, and encouragement to succeed academically.
Such people can be parents, teachers, mentors, coaches, or friends who have been part of an individual's life and provided the necessary support to help them succeed academically.
Parents can be a major source of support in a student's academic journey, providing guidance, encouragement, and motivation to help them achieve their goals. Teachers can also play a significant role in shaping a student's academic success, providing guidance and direction on coursework and assignments.
Mentors and coaches can also contribute to a student's growth by providing advice, guidance, and encouragement. They can help students identify their strengths and weaknesses and provide strategies to overcome challenges.
Friends can also provide emotional support, motivation, and encouragement, which can be crucial in a student's academic success.
In summary, the support network of an individual can be instrumental in their personal growth, guidance, direction, and encouragement to succeed academically. The positive impact of these individuals can shape a student's academic journey and set them up for future success.
The complete question is:
Prior people in a person's support network _______ contributing to their personal growth, guidance, direction, and encouragement to succeed academically.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
What type of exchange rate system must Diana select?
Diana is the leader of a small country that has recently joined the international monetary system. Foreign trade plays an important role in this countryâs economy. Diana wants to stabilize trade dealings and boost the confidence of exporters and importers. Further, she wants to win the confidence of foreign investors by offering a stable investment climate.
Diana must therefore opt for the
exchange rate system
Diana must select a fixed exchange rate system for her country. This system will help her stabilize trade dealings and boost the confidence of exporters and importers. Fixed exchange rate systems involve a government or central bank setting a fixed exchange rate for their currency against another currency or a basket of currencies. This means that the exchange rate remains constant and predictable, which can provide a stable investment climate for foreign investors.
A fixed exchange rate system can also be beneficial for countries that rely heavily on foreign trade, as it can help them manage their currency value and maintain their competitiveness in the global market. With a fixed exchange rate, Diana can also avoid currency fluctuations and minimize the risks associated with volatile exchange rates. This can help her maintain a stable economy and attract foreign investment, which can further boost her country's economic growth.
Overall, a fixed exchange rate system can help Diana achieve her goals of stabilizing trade dealings, boosting the confidence of exporters and importers, and winning the confidence of foreign investors. It can also help her country maintain a stable economy and remain competitive in the global market.
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ivanhoe oil company is considering investing in a new oil well. it is expected that the oil well will increase annual revenues by $124,600 and will increase annual expenses by $85,000 including depreciation. the oil well will cost $430,000 and will have a $10,000 salvage value at the end of its 10-year useful life. calculate the annual rate of return.
The annual rate of return for the investment in the new oil well is 2.05%, which is lower than the company's required rate of return, making this investment unattractive.
To calculate the annual rate of return, we need to determine the net cash flows for each year of the investment's useful life, which is ten years in this case.
First, we calculate the annual net cash flows, which is the difference between the annual revenue increase and the annual expense increase, including depreciation. Thus, the annual net cash flows are:
Annual net cash flows = Annual revenues - Annual expenses
Annual net cash flows = $124,600 - $85,000 = $39,600
Next, we calculate the total net cash flows over the ten-year life of the investment by summing the annual net cash flows and adding the salvage value at the end of the useful life:
Total net cash flows = (Annual net cash flows x Number of years) + Salvage value
Total net cash flows = ($39,600 x 10) + $10,000 = $400,000
Finally, we calculate the annual rate of return using the following formula:
Annual rate of return = (Total net cash flows / Initial investment) ^ (1/Number of years) - 1
Annual rate of return = [tex]($400,000 / $430,000) ^{ (1/10)} - 1[/tex]
Annual rate of return = 0.0205 or 2.05%
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Ticker services began operations in year 1 and holds long-term investments in available-for-sale debt securities. the year-end costs and fair values for its portfolio of these investments follow.
portfolio of available-for-sale securities cost fair value
december 31, year 1 $11,000 $17,500
december 31, year 2 18,900 28,000
december 31, year 3 20,600 30,200
december 31, year 4 14,800 19,700
required:
prepare journal entries to record each year-end fair value adjustment for these securities.
The fair value adjustment for available-for-sale securities is recorded through the following journal entry:
Year 1:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $6,500
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $6,500
Year 2:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $9,100
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $9,100
Year 3:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $9,600
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $9,600
Year 4:
Debit: Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities $4,900
Credit: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income $4,900
The Unrealized Gain/Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities account is a temporary account that is closed to Retained Earnings at the end of each fiscal year. The Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income account is a permanent account on the balance sheet that accumulates the fair value adjustments until they are realized.
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Tracy has heard about government bonds before, but she isn’t sure what they are. She is very conservative by nature and is really hesitant about trying new things. What can you tell her about government bonds that might actually convince her to invest? A. They always have a very high interest rate. B. They are extremely difficult to find. C. They allow you constant access to your investment income. D. They are relatively risk-free
I can tell Tracy that government bonds are relatively risk-free, which might convince her to invest. The correct answer is option d.
Government bonds are issued by the government and are considered one of the safest investments available because they are backed by the full faith and credit of the government. This means that the government is unlikely to default on its debt obligations and therefore, investors in government bonds are less likely to lose their investment.
While the interest rate on government bonds may not always be the highest available, they typically offer a competitive interest rate relative to other low-risk investments, such as savings accounts or CDs. This makes them a good option for conservative investors who are looking to earn a reliable stream of income without taking on too much risk.
Government bonds are also easy to buy and can be purchased through a broker or directly from the government. Unlike some other investments, government bonds allow investors to access their investment income regularly, which can provide a source of predictable cash flow.
Overall, government bonds are a good option for investors who are looking for a relatively safe and reliable investment option. While they may not offer the highest return, they can provide a steady stream of income without the risk of losing the initial investment.
The correct answer is option d.
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ne major advantage of money serving as a medium of exchange is that it allows society tomultiple choicetransfer purchasing power from the present to the future.measure the relative worth of products.escape the complications of barter.use credit cards instead of currency.
The major advantage of money serving as a medium of exchange is that it allows society to escape the complications of barter. So, correct option is C.
Barter is a direct exchange of goods and services between two parties without the use of money. Barter has several disadvantages, such as requiring a coincidence of wants between the parties involved in the exchange and the difficulty of determining the relative value of goods and services being exchanged.
The use of money as a medium of exchange eliminates these problems and allows for more efficient transactions. Money allows individuals to exchange goods and services without having to find a direct barter match, and it provides a common measure of the relative worth of different products.
Furthermore, money allows for the use of credit, which facilitates the transfer of purchasing power from the present to the future, enabling individuals to purchase goods and services even if they do not have the funds available at the time of purchase.
So, correct option is C.
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Multiple-Level Break-Even Analysis Kucera Associates provides marketing services for a number of small manufacturing firms. Kucera receives a commission of 10 percent of sales. Operating costs are as follows: Unit-level costs $ 0. 05 per sales dollar Sales-level costs $ 400 per sales order Customer-level costs $ 1,000 per customer per year Facility-level costs $ 75,000 per year (a) Determine the minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order. $Answer 8000 (b) Assuming an average customer places five orders per year, determine the minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer. $Answer 60,000 (c) What is the average order size in (b)
a) The minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order is $8,000.
b) The minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer is $60,000
c) The average order size in (b) is $12,000.
1. Multiple-Level Break-Even analysis :that calculates break-even points for different levels of the cost structure, including unit-level, sales-level, customer-level, and facility-level costs.
2. Unit-level costs: Variable costs incur red for each sales dollar.
3. Sales-level costs: Fixed costs associated with each sales order.
4. Customer-level costs: Fixed costs a ssociated with servicing each customer per year.
5. Facility-level costs: Fixed costs associated with maintaining the overall facility per year.
Now, let's address each part of your question:
(a) To determine the minimum order size in sales dollars for Kucera to break even on an order, you need to consider the unit-level and sales-level costs. Using the formula:
Break-even sales = (Sales-level costs) / (Commission rate - Unit-level costs)
Minimum order size = ($400) / (0.10 - $0.05) = $8,000.
(b) To determine the minimum annual sales required to break even on a customer, you need to consider customer-level and facility-level costs along with the average number of orders per customer:
Break-even sales per customer = (Customer-level costs + (Sales-level costs × Avg. orders per customer)) / (Commission rate - Unit-level costs)
Minimum annual sales = ($1,000 + ($400 × 5)) / (0.10 - $0.05) = $60,000.
(c) To find the average order size in (b), divide the minimum annual sales by the average number of orders per customer:
Average order size = Minimum annual sales / Avg. orders per customer
Average order size = $60,000 / 5 = $12,000.
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Marlene, a cash basis taxpayer, invests in series ee u.s. government savings bonds and bank certificates of deposit (cds). determine the tax consequences of the following on her 2016 gross income.
a. on september 30, 2021, she cashed in series ee bonds for $10,000. she purchased the bonds in 2011 for $7,090. the yield to maturity on the bonds was 3.5%. on july 1, 2020, she purchased a 24-month cd for $10,000. the cd matures on june 30, 2022, and will pay $10,816, yielding a 4% annual return.
b. on july 1, 2021, she purchased a 12-month cd for $10,000. the maturity date on the cd was june 30, 2022, when marlene will receive $10,300.
c. on july 1, 2016, she purchased a cd for $10,000. the maturity date on the cd was june 30, 2017, when marlene would receive $10,300.
a) This interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
b) This interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
c)this interest income will be included in her 2017 gross income.
a. When Marlene cashed in the Series EE bonds, she realized a gain of $2,910 ($10,000 - $7,090). Since Marlene is a cash basis taxpayer, the gain will be included in her 2021 gross income in the year the bonds were cashed.
For the CD, Marlene will receive $816 ($10,816 - $10,000) in interest income in 2022. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
b. For this CD, Marlene will receive $300 ($10,300 - $10,000) in interest income in 2022. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2022 gross income.
c. For this CD, Marlene received $300 ($10,300 - $10,000) in interest income in 2017. Since she is a cash basis taxpayer, this interest income will be included in her 2017 gross income.
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Question 1 of 10: after analyzing your menu, you find that food sales are $1,200 and beverage sales are $800. Your average gross margin for food and beverage is 67%. Which is more profitable, food or beverage? a) food b) beverage c) they are the same d) can't tell from the data
The gross profit for food is $804, which is higher than the gross profit for beverages, which is $536. Therefore, the answer is option (A) food is more profitable.
To determine which is more profitable between food and beverages, we need to calculate the gross profit for each category. Gross profit is the difference between revenue and the cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. The formula for gross profit margin is:
Gross Profit Margin = (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue x 100%
Given that the average gross margin for both food and beverages is 67%, we can assume that the COGS for each category is 33% of the sales price. Therefore, we can calculate the gross profit for food and beverage as follows:
Gross Profit (Food) = $1,200 x 67% = $804
Gross Profit (Beverage) = $800 x 67% = $536
Based on this calculation, we can see that food is more profitable than beverages. It's important to note that this analysis is based solely on the given information, and there may be other factors that affect profitability, such as the cost of labor, overhead costs, and other expenses. However, based on the information provided, we can conclude that food is more profitable than beverages.
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CETA: Comprehensive Economic and Trade AgreementIntroductionBackground, Purpose, Countries Involved, the procedure fornegotiation, current situation of negotiation. (Words- 800)
CETA, or the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, is a free trade agreement between Canada and the European Union (EU).
About CETAThe primary purpose of CETA is to remove barriers to trade between these two markets, thereby promoting economic growth and increasing job opportunities for their citizens. Countries involved include Canada and the 27 member states of the EU.
The background for CETA dates back to 2007 when Canada and the EU agreed to explore the possibility of a new economic partnership. In 2009, formal negotiations began, and they continued for several years, culminating in the signing of the agreement in 2016.
Afterward, both parties went through the necessary ratification process, and CETA provisionally came into force on September 21, 2017. The purpose of CETA is to enhance economic cooperation between Canada and the EU by reducing tariffs, providing increased access to public contracts, and promoting regulatory cooperation.
The agreement aims to make it easier for businesses to access new markets, providing opportunities for both large and small companies.
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The article Foundational perspective for ethical and socially responsible marketing decisions" (Murphy et al. , 2017),
In the article "Foundational Perspective for Ethical and Socially Responsible Marketing Decisions" (Murphy et al., 2017), the authors discuss the importance of ethical decision-making in marketing practices.
They emphasize the need for marketers to consider social responsibility and the potential impact of their actions on various stakeholders, including consumers, competitors, and society as a whole.
By integrating ethical principles and social responsibility into marketing decisions, businesses can better align with consumer expectations, maintain positive reputations, and ultimately achieve long-term success.
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Thecyber power/skills of the adversaries cybercrime such as hactivism,phishing, impersonating, DDos, ransomeware
Cyber adversaries engaged in cybercrime can possess a range of skills and use various tactics to achieve their objectives. It's also important to stay up-to-date on the latest threats and vulnerabilities and implement security patches and updates promptly.
Here are some of the commonly used tactics:
Hacktivism: Hacktivists use their technical skills to target organizations or individuals to promote a particular cause or ideology. They may use methods like website defacement, distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, data breaches, or stealing sensitive information.
Phishing: This is a tactic where cybercriminals use deceptive techniques, such as fake emails, websites, or messaging apps, to trick individuals into sharing their personal information or login credentials. This information can be used for identity theft or to gain access to sensitive systems.
Impersonation: Cybercriminals may impersonate someone else, such as a legitimate user or organization, to gain access to sensitive information or systems. They may use techniques like social engineering, phishing, or malware to achieve their objectives.
DDoS attacks: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks involve overwhelming a website or network with traffic to make it unavailable to legitimate users. Cybercriminals may use botnets or other methods to launch these attacks, causing significant damage to the targeted organization.
Ransomware: Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts the victim's data and demands a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key. Cybercriminals may use social engineering or other tactics to trick victims into downloading or installing the malware.
To defend against these threats, organizations should have strong cybersecurity measures in place, including firewalls, anti-malware software, intrusion detection and prevention systems, and employee training programs.
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hich firm is experiencing diseconomies of scale? a. firm b only b. firm c only c. firm a only d. firm a and firm b only
The firm c only is experiencing diseconomies of scale. Diseconomies of scale mostly result from the challenges of managing and organizing a large corporate company.
A diseconomy of scale arises when an organization or the business sector grows to a degree that price per unit skyrocket. When a company can no longer continue its utilization of economies of scale, it occurs. Diseconomies of scale are caused by a variety of variables, but they may all be broadly categorized as internal or external.
The first is a congested workplace where workers and machinery block one another and lower operational effectiveness. The second situation arises when faulty coordination leads to more operational waste. The best level of outputs from multiple processes are not always generated at the same pace, which is the third reason for diseconomies of scale.
Option C is the correct answer.
The complete question is, "Which firm is experiencing diseconomies of scale?
a. Firm A only
b. Firm B only
c. Firm C only
d. Firm A and Firm B only"
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This question is from Financial Management Theory and Practice 13th Edition - Chapter 15 - Capital Structure Decisions.
(15-8)
The Rivoli Company has no debt outstanding, and its financial position is given by the following data:
Assets (book = market) 300,000
EBIT 500,000,
Cost of Equity, rs 10%
Stock Price, po $15
Shares outstanding, no 200,000
Tax Rate, t 40%
The firm is considering selling bonds and simultaneously repurchasing some of its stock. If it moves to a capital structure with 30% debt based on market values, its cost of equity, rs, will increase to 11% to reflect the increased risk. Bonds can be sold at a cost rd of 7%. Rivoli is a no growth firm. Hence, all its earnings are paid out as dividends. Earnings are expected to be constant over time.
a. ) What effect would this use of leverage have on the value of the firm:
b. ) What would be the price of Rivoli’s stock?
c. ) What happens to the firm’s earnings per share after the recapitalization?
d. ) The $500,000 EBIT given previously is actually the expected value from the following probability distribution:
Probability EBIT
0. 1 100,000
0. 2 200,000
0. 4 500,000
0. 2 800,000
0. 1 1,100,000
Determine the times – interest – earned ratio for each probability. What is the probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level?
The probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level can be calculated as the sum of the probabilities where the TIE ratio is less than one: Probability of not covering interest = Probability (TIE < 1) = 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1 = 0.7 or 70%
a. The use of leverage will increase the value of the firm, as interest payments on debt are tax-deductible, leading to a decrease in the net cost of debt. This, in turn, will result in an increase in the overall value of the firm.
b. The price of Rivoli's stock after the recapitalization can be calculated as follows:
Market value of equity = Number of shares outstanding × Price per share = 200,000 × $15 = $3,000,000
Market value of debt = 0.3 × $3,000,000 = $900,000
Total value of the firm = Market value of equity + Market value of debt = $3,000,000 + $900,000 = $3,900,000
Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = 200,000 - (Market value of debt / Price per share) = 200,000 - ($900,000 / $15) = 146,000
Price per share after repurchase = Total value of the firm / Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = $3,900,000 / 146,000 = $26.71
c. The firm's earnings per share (EPS) will increase after the recapitalization due to a reduction in the number of outstanding shares. The new EPS can be calculated as follows:
EBIT - Interest / Number of shares outstanding after repurchase = ($500,000 - 0.07 × $900,000) / 146,000 = $2.84
d. The interest payment at the 30% debt level is:
Interest payment = Market value of debt × rd = 0.3 × $3,000,000 × 0.07 = $63,000
The times-interest-earned (TIE) ratio for each probability can be calculated as follows:
Probability EBIT TIE Ratio
0.1 $100,000 14.29
0.2 $200,000 11.43
0.4 $500,000 5.87
0.2 $800,000 7.94
0.1 $1,100,000 10.08
The probability of not covering the interest payment at the 30% debt level can be calculated as the sum of the probabilities where the TIE ratio is less than one:
Probability of not covering interest = Probability (TIE < 1) = 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.1 = 0.7 or 70%
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