19.5 moles of oxygen will be produced by 13 moles of Al₂O₃.
What is a mole?
The mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.
A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g.
Given,
Moles of Al₂O₃ = 13 moles
From the reaction -
2 Al₂O₃ ⇒ 4Al + 3O₂
2 moles of Al₂O₃ produces 3 moles of O₂
1 mole of Al₂O₃ produces 3 ÷ 2 moles of O₂
1 mole of Al₂O₃ = 1.5 mole of O₂
So, 13 moles of Al₂O₃ = 1.5 × 13 moles of O₂
= 19.5 moles of O₂.
Therefore, 19.5 moles of oxygen will be produced by 13 moles of Al₂O₃.
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How do chemists use Avogrado’s number to connect moles and atomic particles?
The molar quantity must be multiplied by Avogadro's number to be converted to moles or atoms.
How can a scientist use Avogadro's number?
One of the basic constants in chemistry is Avogadro's number. When the same amount of atoms or molecules are being compared, it allows comparison of the various atoms or molecules of a given substance.
A material's mole is equivalent to 6.022 x 10²³of that substance (such as atoms, molecules, or ions). The term "Avogadro's number" or "Avogadro's constant" refers to the integer 6.022*10²³. The mole idea can be used to convert between particle mass and number.
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A sample of neon has a pressure of 56 atm at 29.5 celcius. at what temp in kelvin would the gas exert 75 atm of pressure on the container
Explanation:
Refer to pic..........
Cuantos moles hay en 158 gramos de oro
There are 0.802 moles of gold present in 158 grams of gold.
What is meant by molar mass?Mass in grams of one mole of the compound is known as the molar mass of substance. It is the mass divided by amount-of-substance measured in moles. Molar mass of a compound can be found out by adding standard atomic masses of constituent atoms.
molar mass of gold : 196.967 g/mol.
To find the number of moles of gold in 158 grams, we use the following formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
moles = 158 g / 196.967 g/mol
moles = 0.802 mol
Therefore, there are 0.802 moles of gold in 158 grams of gold.
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Note: The question given on the Portal is incomplete. Here is the correct question.
Question: How many moles are in 158 grams of gold?
Answer the following:
V.) a)Empirical formula of naphthalene is C5H4. b)Empirical formula of benzene is CH. VI)a)Na2SO4 (aq) + Ca(NO3)2 (aq) → CaSO4 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq); b)3Mg (s) + N2 (g) → Mg3N2 (s) VII)a)2Hg(NO3)2 (s) → 2Hg (l) + O2 (g) + 2NO2 (g) b)Ca3(PO4)2 (s) + 3H3PO4 (aq) → 6CaHPO4 (s) c)FeCl3 (aq) + 3NaOH (aq) → Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3NaCl (aq)
What is chemical reactions?Process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another is called chemical reaction.
V) a) Ratio of carbon to hydrogen atoms can be found by dividing each atom count by the greatest common factor (GCF) of the two numbers.
GCF of 10 and 8 is 2.
10/2 = 5 and 8/2 = 4.
Empirical formula of naphthalene is C5H4.
b) For benzene, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen atoms can be found by dividing each atom count by their GCF, which is 6.
6/6 = 1 and 6/6 = 1.
Empirical formula of benzene is CH.
VI)a) Chemical equation for the reaction is:
Na2SO4 (aq) + Ca(NO3)2 (aq) → CaSO4 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)
Reactants: Na2SO4 (aq) and Ca(NO3)2 (aq)
Products: CaSO4 (s) and 2NaNO3 (aq)
Type of reaction: Double displacement or metathesis reaction
b) Chemical equation for the reaction is:
3Mg (s) + N2 (g) → Mg3N2 (s)
Reactants: 3Mg (s) and N2 (g)
Product: Mg3N2 (s)
Type of reaction: Combination or synthesis reaction
VII)a) The balanced chemical equation :
2Hg(NO3)2 (s) → 2Hg (l) + O2 (g) + 2NO2 (g)
b) Balanced chemical equation:
Ca3(PO4)2 (s) + 3H3PO4 (aq) → 6CaHPO4 (s)
c) Balanced chemical equation :
FeCl3 (aq) + 3NaOH (aq) → Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3NaCl (aq)
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2.74 Give the chemical formula for each of the following ionic com- pounds: (a) sodium phosphate, (b) zinc nitrate, (c) barium bromate, (d) iron(II) perchlorate, (e) cobalt(II) hydrogen car- bonate, (f) chromium(III) acetate, (g) potassium dichromate.
Phosphate of sodium: Nitrate of zinc, Na3PO4, Zn(No3)2, bromate of barium: Perchlorate of iron (II) and ba(BrO3)2: Cobalt (II) hydrogen carbonate, Fe(ClO4)2: Co(HCO3)2 as cobalt bicarbonate.
Is acetic acid C2H3O2?Acetic acid, also known as ethanoic acid, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH (also written as C2H4O2, HC2H3O2) that is an acidic, colorless liquid.
How does K2Cr2O7 function as an oxidizer?As the oxidation state of their atoms increases during a chemical reaction with potassium dichromate, elements become more electronegative. Potassium dichromate is a potent oxidizer in an acidic environment. K2Cr2O7 is present as Cr2O7 - (orange) in acidic medium, but it is transformed into CrO4 - (yellow) in basic medium.
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Given that hotter blackbodies produce more energy than cooler blackbodies, why do cooler red giants have much higher luminosity than much hotter red dwarfs?
A sample of iron was determined to have a mass of 27.3162g and a volume of 3.475 cm³. What is the density of the iron sample?
Answer:
7.859 g/cm³.
Explanation:
Density = Mass/Volume
the mass of the iron sample is 27.3162g and its volume is 3.475 cm³, so calculate its density as:
Density = 27.3162g/3.475 cm³ = 7.859 g/cm³
Therefore, the density of the iron sample is 7.859 g/cm³.
What is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution with a pOH of 5.0?
Answer:
0.00001 M
Explanation:
The pOH of a solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration:
pOH = -log[OH-]
Therefore, we can rearrange this equation to solve for [OH-]:
[OH-] = 10^(-pOH)
If the pOH of a solution is 5.0, then:
[OH-] = 10^(-5.0)
[OH-] = 1.0 x 10^(-5.0)
[OH-] = 0.00001
Therefore, the hydroxide ion concentration of the solution is 0.00001 M.
Both conclusions are based on valid data and scientific reasoning. How can both conclusions be valid
Both conclusions can be valid as they are based on valid data and scientific reasoning. This is due to the fact that different data sets and scientific arguments can lead to different conclusions.
What is conclusions?A conclusion is a summary of the main points discussed in an essay, report, presentation, or other document. It should be concise and well-written, and should not include any new information or arguments. A conclusion typically reviews the main points and ties them together, offering a final perspective on the topic. It is important to write a clear and effective conclusion, as it is the last thing the reader will read and will leave them with a lasting impression. A good conclusion can solidify the main idea of the document and leave the reader with a sense of closure.
For example, one data set may show that a particular drug is effective in treating a certain condition, while another data set may show that the same drug is not as effective. Therefore, both conclusions can be valid as long as the data and scientific reasoning used to draw them are valid.
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According to the solubility curve below, which of the following statements is true about potassium nitrate (KNO3) at 60°C?
That is equivalent to 1.1 grams of ammonium hydroxide per gram of water if the solubility at 60 ° C is 110 grams of potassium chloride for every 100 gram of water.
How do nitrates affect the body?The physiological actions of nitrate, which are comparable to those of NO, include lowering blood pressure, preventing platelet aggregation, and providing a protective impact on blood vessels.
For what is nitrate renowned?Its monikers include nitrate of potash, nitre, and saltpeter (saltpetre). In addition to various different forms of pyrotechnics, it is used to make nitric acid and fuel for model rockets. It serves as both a fertilizer and a food preservative.
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Answer:
The solubility of KNO3 is approximately 110 g/100 mL
Explanation:
here is a proper explanation
The empirical formula for the artificial sweetener aspartame is C14H18N205. What is the mass percentage of carbon in aspartame.
57.14% is the mass percentage of carbon in aspartame.
Define empirical formula.
An empirical formula is a compound's chemical formula that only specifies the ratios of the elements it contains and not the precise quantity or arrangement of atoms. This would be the compound's ingredient with the lowest whole number ratio.
Typically, the empirical formula is used to merely display the components of a structure. When one wishes to quickly identify the elements they are working with, this is helpful. When you want to know how many atoms of each element are present in the substance, the molecular formula is the most helpful.
The mass percentage of carbon is 14*12/(14*12 + 18*1 + 2*14 + 5*16) i.e. 57.14%
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Household bleach contains 5.25% (m/v) of sodium hypochlorite. It is often recommended that you dilute the household bleach to 0.110% (m/v) before using. If you need 1.00 gallons of diluted bleach, how many cups of household bleach should you measure?
Answer:
First, we need to calculate how much sodium hypochlorite is in 1 gallon of 0.110% bleach solution:
0.110% (m/v) = 0.110 g/100 mL
1 gallon = 3,785 mL
So, the mass of sodium hypochlorite in 1 gallon of 0.110% bleach solution is:
0.110 g/100 mL x 3,785 mL = 4.1635 g
Now we can use this information to calculate how much undiluted household bleach we need:
5.25% (m/v) = 5.25 g/100 mL
Let's call the volume of undiluted bleach we need "V".
We can set up a proportion:
5.25 g/100 mL = 4.1635 g/3785 mL
Solving for V:
5.25 g/100 mL = x/3785 mL
x = 199.0425 g
Finally, we need to convert grams to cups. The density of household bleach is about 1.08 g/mL, so:
199.0425 g ÷ 1.08 g/mL = 184.31 mL
There are 48 teaspoons in a cup, and 5 mL in a teaspoon, so:
184.31 mL ÷ 5 mL/teaspoon ÷ 48 teaspoons/cup ≈ 0.77 cups
Therefore, you should measure approximately 0.77 cups of household bleach to make 1.00 gallon of diluted bleach solution.
An 80.0 g sample of a gas was heated from 25 ∘C to 225 ∘C. During this process, 346 J of work was done by the system and its internal energy increased by 9135 J. What is the specific heat of the gas?
C=J/(g⋅ ∘C)
Explanation:
The first law of thermodynamics can be written as:
ΔU = Q - W
where ΔU is the change in internal energy, Q is the heat added to the system, and W is the work done by the system.
We know that ΔU = 9135 J and W = 346 J. We also know that the gas was heated from 25 ∘C to 225 ∘C. Therefore, the change in temperature is:
ΔT = 225 ∘C - 25 ∘C = 200 ∘C
We can use the specific heat formula to solve for the specific heat of the gas:
Q = mcΔT
where m is the mass of the gas and c is the specific heat of the gas.
Solving for c, we get:
c = Q / (mΔT)
Substituting the given values, we get:
c = 346 J / (80.0 g × 200 ∘C) = 0.0216 J/(g⋅ ∘C)
Therefore, the specific heat of the gas is 0.0216 J/(g⋅ ∘C).
PLS HELP ASAPPP !!! WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST
Multiplying each value by two gives
the ratio below. What is the empirical
formula for the compound?
20
5 C 8 H
:
2
1) C₂.5H4O 2) C5H8O₂
3) C5H4O 4) C5H4O2
Enter the answer choice number.
The chemical formula of a combination that provides the quantities (ratios) of the elements contained in the complex but not the actual numbers or order of atoms is known as an empirical formula. This would be the elemental compound's lowest whole integer percentage.
What is an empirical formula in chemistry?The empirical formula of a chemical substance in chemistry is the simplest whole number quantity of atoms contained in the product. [1] As an illustration, the empirical formula of sulfur monoxide, or SO, is merely SO, as is the empirical formula of disulfur dioxide, S2O2.
Thus, sulfur monoxide and disulfur dioxide, both sulfur and oxygen molecules, have the same empirical formula. Their molecular formulas, which describe the amount of atoms in each molecule of a chemical substance, are, however, not identical.
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Answer:
2
Explanation:
What is the order of reaction?
Answer:
The Order of reaction refers to the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of the species taking part in it.
Albert places a thermometer in hot water during a lab and the column of fluid inside the thermometer rises to 90 degrees Celsius. As the student takes measurements of the temperature, it drops until it reaches 24 degrees Celsius, room temperature. When the data is graphed, Albert notices that the initial decrease in temperature is more rapid. How should he explain his observation?
Question options:
Water has a low specific heat so it rapidly loses heat to its surroundings.
The decrease should have been constant, so the thermometer was probably defective.
As the water and air seek to reach the same temperature, the water absorbs cold from the surrounding air.
The difference between the water's temperature and that of the classroom was greater in the first few minutes so the water lost heat more rapidly.
The water lost heat more quickly because the temperature difference between the classroom and the water was greater in the first few minutes.
When a thermometer is immersed in hot water, why does a column of mercury initially descend and then rise?When a mercury thermometer is immersed in hot water, the bulb initially absorbs heat from the outside and expands, causing the mercury column in the thermometer to initially descend slightly. Mercury expands as heat is transferred to it later.
Would the column's mercury level rise or fall in response to an increase in air pressure?This is because mercury is pushed up a tube as a column of air above the barometer presses on a mercury-filled dish. The mercury in the tube rises more rapidly in response to the greater force of the downward push.
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Determine the grams of H₂O produced when 0.485 grams of O₂ reacts with H₂
according to the following reaction:
-)
2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) →
2 H₂O(1)
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 0.546 grams of H₂O are produced when 0.485 grams of O₂ reacts with H₂.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₂: 2 molesO₂: 1 moleH₂O: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
H₂: 2 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₂: 2 moles ×2 g/mole= 4 gramsO₂: 1 mole ×32 g/moles= 32 gramsH₂O: 2 moles× 18 g/mole= 36 gramsMass of H₂O formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 32 grams of O₂ form 36 grams of H₂O, 0.485 grams of O₂ form how much mass of H₂O?
mass of H₂O= (0.485 grams of O₂× 36 grams of H₂O) ÷32 grams of O₂
mass of H₂O= 0.546 grams
Finally, 0.546 grams of H₂O are formed.
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Why do carbon, silicon, and germanium share many chemical properties?
o They have the same atomic mass.
o They have the same atomic number.
o They have the same ratio of electrons to protons.
o They have the same electron configuration.
Answer:
Carbon, silicon, and germanium share many chemical properties because they belong to the same group in the periodic table, which is group 14 (also known as the carbon group). The elements in this group have the same number of valence electrons (4), which gives them similar chemical properties.
The correct option is: They have the same number of valence electrons (4), which gives them similar chemical properties.
Explanation:
Which of the following substances is insoluble in water, according to these solubility rules?
A) Sodium chloride (NaCl)
B) Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
C) Potassium nitrate (KNO3)
D) Silver chloride (AgCl)
Which of the following ions is soluble in water when paired with according to the solubility rules chart?
C) Chloride (Cl-)
B) Sulfate
D) Hydroxide (OH-)
A) Carbonate
Question 12 (1.25 points)
Which of the following combinations will result in a precipitate, according to solubility rules?
A) Sodium nitrate (Na2CrO4) and barium chloride (BaCl2)
B) Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
C) Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)
D) Potassium iodide (KI) and silver nitrate (AgNO3)
Question 13 (1.25 points)
Which of the following statements is true about dilute and concentrated solutions?
A) Dilute solutions have a higher solvent-to-solute ratio than concentrated solutions.
B) Concentrated solutions contain more solute than dilute solutions.
C) Dilute solutions contain more solute than concentrated solutions.
D) Concentrated solutions have a higher solvent-to-solute ratio than dilute solutions.
Question 14 (1.25 points)
What volume of a 0.500 M sodium chloride solution is required to make 500. mL of a 0.100 M sodium chloride solution?
A) 100 L
B) 0.100 ml
C) 0.100 L
D) 1 L
Question 15 (1.25 points)
A student has a 0.500 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) that is too concentrated for an experiment. The student needs to dilute the solution to 0.100 M. If the student needs 250 mL of the diluted solution, how much of the original solution should be used?
A) 250 ml
B) 50.0 ml
C) 125 ml
D) 500 ml
Answer:
Question 10: Which substance is insoluble in water?
Answer: Silver chloride (AgCl).
Question 11: Which ion is soluble in water?
Answer: Chloride (Cl-).
Question 12: Which combination will form a precipitate (solid) according to solubility rules?
Answer: Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).
Question 13: Which statement is true about dilute and concentrated solutions?
Answer: Concentrated solutions have more solute than dilute solutions.
Question 14: How much of a 0.500 M sodium chloride solution is needed to make 500 mL of a 0.100 M solution?
Answer: 0.100 L (100 mL).
Question 15: How much of a 0.500 M hydrochloric acid solution should be used to make 250 mL of a 0.100 M solution?
Answer: 50.0 mL.
Explanation:
A tank of methane holds 1,550m3 and is held at STP.
a. How many moles of methane are in the tank?
b. How many Kilograms of methane are in the tank?
c. What is the density of the methane?
d. How many carbon atoms are in the tank?
According to the question, there are 65,569 carbon atoms, 1,051.6 kg of gas, 0.716 g/L of methane density, and 65,569 mole of methane in the tank.
One mole—what is it?A mole is the volume of a material that includes 6.022 X 1023 of the substance's particles, atom, ions, molecules, etc. A mole is a unit for counting molecules, ions, or atoms.
a. The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, can be used to estimate how many moles of methane are present in the tank. The pressure and temperature are both 1 atm at STP. 0.0821 L atm/K mol is the real gases constant.
The result is that n = (PV) / (RT)
= (1 atm x 1550 m3) / (0.0821 Latm/Kmol x 273 K)
= 65,569 moles.
b. The molarity of methane should be used to determine the weight of methane in kilograms. Methane has a molar mass of 16.04 g/mol.
Methane's mass in kilos is as follows:
1,051.6 kg is equal to 65,569 moles times 16.04 g/mol/1000 g/kg.
c. The optimal gas law and the molecular concentration of methane can be used to get the density of methane.
Density is determined as follows: (16.04 g/mol at 1 atm) / (0.0821 L/atm/K mol at 273 K) = 0.716 g/L.
d. Using the amount of moles of methane that we established in part (a), we can use that information to calculate the amount of carbon atoms inside the tank.
As a result, the tank is filled 65,569 carbon atoms.
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What is the mass of 2.25 moles of sulfuric acid (H2 SO4)?
Answer:
The molar mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of its constituent atoms:
Molar mass of H2SO4 = 2(1.008 g/mol) + 1(32.06 g/mol) + 4(15.99 g/mol) = 98.08 g/mol
Therefore, the mass of 2.25 moles of H2SO4 is:
mass = number of moles x molar mass
mass = 2.25 moles x 98.08 g/mol = 220.68 g
So, the mass of 2.25 moles of sulfuric acid is 220.68 grams.
What volume of carbon dioxide can be produced from the combustion of 2.0 L of methane at STP?
CH4( g ) + 2O2( g ) → CO2( g ) + 2H2O( g )
(2) Calculate the enthalpy of the following chemical reaction CS2 + 30₂(g) ➡️ CO₂(g) + 2S0₂(g) ∆H = ?? Given:
C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂ (g) ∆H = -393.5 KJ
S(s) + O₂(g) → SO₂(g) ∆H = -296.8KJ
C(s) + 2Sg) → CS₂ (l) ∆H = +87.9kJ
The enthalpy of the following chemical equation is -393.5+(-296.8)+87.9=-602.4 kilojoules.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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A 50.0 ml solution of NH3 was titrated with 0.10 M. the volume of titrationrequired to reach the equivalnece point wasdetremined to equal38.25 ml(kb= 1.8x10^-5. What is concentration of NH3in the original 50.0 ml solution?
The initial 50.0 ml solution had a 0.0765 M [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] concentration.
What does chemistry mean by concentration?The amount of solute contained in a specific amount of solution is the substance's concentration. The quantity of moles per solution in 1 L of solution, or molarity, is used to represent concentrations.
The balanced chemical equation is :
[tex]NH_{3} +HCl[/tex] → [tex]NH_{4} Cl[/tex]
moles of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] = moles of HCl
To fond moles of HCl :
moles of HCl = concentration of HCl * volume of HCl used
moles of HCl = 0.10 M * 0.003825
To find the concentration of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] in the original solution is :
concentration of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] = moles of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] / volume of solution
concentration of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] = 0.003825 mol / 0.050 L
concentration of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] = 0.0765 M
Therefore, the concentration of [tex]NH_{3}[/tex] in the original 50.0 ml solution is 0.0765 M.
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1.
2Pb(NO3)2 + Na₂CO3 → PbCO3 +2 NaNO3
If 484.06 grams of PbCO3 are produced, how many grams of NaNO3 will also be produced?
If 484.06 grams of lead carbonate are produced, 307.68 grams of sodium nitrate will also be produced.
How to calculate mass using stoichiometry?Stoichiometry refers to the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, lead nitrate reacts with sodium carbonate to produce lead carbonate and sodium nitrate.
Based on the above equation, 1 mole of lead carbonate and 2 moles of sodium nitrate are produced.
484.06 grams of lead carbonate is equivalent to 1.81 moles.
1.81 moles of lead carbonate will produce 3.62 moles of sodium nitrate.
3.62 moles of sodium nitrate is equivalent to 307.68 grams.
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Explain why a balloon filled with O2 at room temperature collapses when cooled in liquid nitrogen, whereas a balloon filled with He does not
Answer:
The balloon filled with 02 collapses because the gas molecules are attracted to each other and condense into a liquid when cooled. Helium, on the other hand, is a noble gas that does not form compounds with other elements and therefore does not condense into a liquid at low temperatures.
ANSWER ALL THE FOLLOWING
One of the way of writing the chemical formula of an ionic compound is to use crisscross method. In this method, the numerical value of each of the ion charges is crossed over to become the subscript of the other ion.
What is a chemical formula?The symbolic representation of the composition of a compound is given by the chemical formula of the compound. In a chemical formula an anion is written on the right side whereas a cation is written on the left side.
1 Question answers:
a. Cr₂O₃
b. (NH₄)₃PO₄
c. CaSO₄
2 Question answers:
a. Iron (II) Chloride
b. Barium hydroxide
c. Lithium cyanide
d. Lead (II) Chloride
3 Question answers:
a. Sulfur tetrafluoride
b. Chloryl perchlorate
c. Dinitrogen trioxide
d. Phosphorous pentoxide
4 Question answers:
a. C₂H₂
b. C₂H₄
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what features is used to compare the different groups of people in the world?
There are various parameters used to group people around the world. We can use the cost of living, place of residence, life style, culture etc. to compare different groups of people in the world.
What are features for social comparison?According to the social comparison hypothesis, people evaluate their own social and personal worth by evaluating how they stack up against others. The comparison strategies people use to assess their actions, successes, and ideas in relation to those of other people are described by Leon Festinger's comparison theory, which was first presented in 1954.
In addition to influencing how people perceive themselves, social comparison also affects how they act. Think about how social comparisons, both positive and negative, can affect how you feel about yourself. belief, certainty, drive, and attitude.
Comparing the life styles, culture, socio-economic status, language etc. are general features used to compare different group of people around the world.
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A reaction has a rate constant of 0.012s ^ - 1 at 400.0 K and 0.691s ^ - 1 at 450.0 K.
Determine the activation barrier for the reaction.
Answer:
The rate constant of a reaction is related to the activation energy (Ea) and the temperature (T) by the Arrhenius equation:
k = A * e^(-Ea/RT)
where k is the rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature.
Taking the natural logarithm of both sides of the equation, we get:
ln(k) = ln(A) - (Ea/RT)
We can use this equation to determine the activation energy for the reaction by comparing the rate constants at two different temperatures. For example, at 400.0 K and 450.0 K, we have:
ln(k1) = ln(A) - (Ea/RT1)
ln(k2) = ln(A) - (Ea/RT2)
where k1 is the rate constant at 400.0 K, k2 is the rate constant at 450.0 K, and RT1 and RT2 are the product of the gas constant and temperature at each temperature.
Taking the difference between the two equations, we get:
ln(k2/k1) = Ea/R * (1/RT1 - 1/RT2)
Solving for the activation energy (Ea), we get:
Ea = -R * ln(k2/k1) / (1/RT1 - 1/RT2)
Substituting the given values, we get:
Ea = -8.314 J/mol*K * ln(0.691/0.012) / (1/400.0 K - 1/450.0 K)
Ea = 93.8 kJ/mol
Therefore, the activation energy for the reaction is 93.8 kJ/mol.