A freezer is maintained at -7°C by removing heat from it at a rate of 80 kJ/min. The power input to the freezer is 0.5 kW, and the surrounding air is at 25°C. Determine (C) the second-law efficiency of this freezer

The alpha decay of radon is shown by;

222/86Rn ----> 218/84Po + 4/2He

Radon undergoes alpha decay by emitting an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons.

Let us note that when there is an alpha decay, the parent nucleus would loose a helium nucleus and the daughter nucleus would less than than the parent in mass by four units and less than the parent in charge by 2 units and this would satisfy the mass and charge balance of the equation. The decay equation is; 222/86Rn ----> 218/84Po + 4/2He

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Missing parts;

Use the equation to complete the activity.

219 86Rn → 215 84Po + a

The nuclear equation shows the transmutation of a form of radon into polonium and an alpha particle. In one to two sentences, explain whether or not the reaction is balanced.

The density of the gas is  0.0340 g/L, moles of gas in the bulb is 0.00124 mol and apparent molar mass is 111.3 g/mol.

To determine the density of the gas, use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P = pressure, V = volume, n = number of moles, R = gas constant, and T = temperature.

Since the volume and temperature are constant:

(P/n) = constant

Therefore, the density (ρ) of the gas is given by:

ρ = (m-m₀)/V = (Δm)/V

where m = mass of the bulb filled with the gas, m₀ = mass of the evacuated bulb, and Δm = m - m₀ is the mass of the gas.

Substituting the given values:

Δm = 22.651 g - 22.513 g = 0.138 g

V = 4.050 L

ρ = 0.138 g / 4.050 L = 0.0340 g/L

To find the number of moles of gas in the bulb, use the equation:

n = PV/RT

Substituting the given values:

n = (0.0250 atm)(4.050 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(289.2 K) = 0.00124 mol

Finally, to find the apparent molar mass of the gas, use the equation:

M = m/n

where M = molar mass of the gas and m = mass of the gas.

Substituting the given values:

M = 0.138 g / 0.00124 mol = 111.3 g/mol

Therefore, the density of the gas is 0.0340 g/L, there are 0.00124 mol of gas in the bulb, and the apparent molar mass of the gas is 111.3 g/mol.

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The mass of hydrogen produced in the reaction is 2g.

The mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.

A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g.

Given,

Mass of Zn = 65g

Mass of HCl = 72g

Moles of Zn = mass / molar mass

= 65 / 65 = 1 mole

Moles of HCl = 72 / 36.5

= 1.97 moles

Since moles of Zn is lesser, therefore it is the limiting reagent.

From the reaction, 1 mole of Zn gives 1 mole of hydrogen

Moles of hydrogen = 1 mole

mass of hydrogen = moles × molar mass

= 1 × 2 = 2g

Therefore, the mass of hydrogen produced in the reaction is 2g.

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The reaction A + B → C has the following rate expression is 197.62 [A][B] M/s

Using the experimental data to determine the order of the reaction with respect to A and B, assume that the rate of the reaction is given by:

rate = [tex]k[A]^x[B]^y[/tex]

where k =  rate constant and

x and y = orders of the reaction with respect to A and B, respectively.

Compare the rates of the reaction in trials 1 and 2 while keeping the concentration of A constant:

rate1/rate2 = [tex]\frac{k[A]^x[B]^y}{k[A]^x[B]^y} = \frac{[B]^y}{[B]^y} = 1[/tex]

Conclude that the reaction is first-order with respect to B.

Similarly, compare the rates of the reaction in trials 1 and 3 while keeping the concentration of B constant:

rate1/rate3 =[tex]\frac{k[A]^x[B]^y}{k[A]^x[B]^y} = \frac{[A]^x}{[A]^x} = 1[/tex]

Therefore, the reaction is first-order with respect to A.

The rate expression for the reaction A + B → C is:

rate = k[A][B]

Using any of the experimental trials to determine the value of the rate constant k, use trial 1:

rate1 =[tex]k[A]^1[B]^1[/tex]

k = [tex]\frac{rate1}{[A]^1[B]^1}[/tex] = (3.30 E-3)/(0.012 M x 0.014 M) = 197.62 M⁻² s⁻¹

Therefore, the rate expression for the reaction A + B → C is:

rate = 197.62 [A][B] M/s

In this case, the units of k are M⁻¹ s⁻¹ because the reaction is first-order with respect to both A and B.

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Answer:

All is Correct

Explanation:

Fossil fuels have the following properties:

Therefore, the answer is to select all

Answer:

It's A, B, and D

Explanation:

Maybe not D, because that is burning wood like charcoal. Not sure about that. Hope this helps!

Answer:

see in your book properly

The method for determining the sum of Vitamin C in fruit juice ordinarily includes adding an indicator (such as DCPIP) to the juice test and titrating the test with a standard arrangement of ascorbic corrosive until the marker changes colour.

In any case, there are a few variables that seem to make this strategy troublesome to utilize for other natural product juices such as cranberry, blackcurrant, or pomegranate juice:

In this manner, whereas the strategy for deciding the sum of Vitamin C in natural product juice can be a valuable apparatus, it may not be appropriate for all sorts of natural product juices and may have to be be adjusted or adjusted to account for these variables. 

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The mass of hydrogen gas produced, given that 525 mL of the gas was collected over water is 0.04 grams

First, we shall determine the mole of the dry hydrogen gas collected. Details below:

PV = nRT

0.9357 × 0.525 = n × 0.0821 × 298

Divide both sides by (0.0821 × 298)

n = (0.9357 × 0.525) / (0.0821 × 298)

n = 0.02 mole

Finally, we shall determine the mass of the hydrogen gas produced. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

0.02 = Mass of H₂ / 2

Cross multiply

Mass of H₂ = 0.02 × 2

Mass of hydrogen gas, H₂ = 0.04 grams

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Answer:

OB. formation of new elements.

Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, such as the splitting of a nucleus or the combining of two nuclei. These reactions can result in the formation of new elements, as the number of protons in the nucleus determines the element. In contrast, chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of electrons between atoms to form new compounds, but do not involve changes to the nucleus.

Statement that shows that the total energy of a system remains constant and is conserved would confirm the law of conservation of energy.

What is law of conservation?

The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. Therefore, any statement that shows that the total energy of a system remains constant and is conserved would confirm the law of conservation of energy.

Here are some examples of statements that confirm the law of conservation of energy:

All of these statements confirm the law of conservation of energy by showing that the total energy of a system is conserved over time.

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Complete question is: "The total energy of a system remains constant and is conserved" statement would confirm the law of conservation of energy.

Answer:

0.636 moles of CO2

Explanation:

The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol (12.01 g/mol for one carbon atom and 2 x 16.00 g/mol for two oxygen atoms). To find the number of moles in 28g of CO2, you can divide the mass by the molar mass: 28g / 44.01 g/mol = 0.636 moles of CO2.

b. To determine the number of joules of energy for the slice of cake, we need to convert the calories to joules using the conversion factor 1 calorie = 4.184 joules:

Number of joules = 560 calories * 4.184 joules/calorie = 2343.04 joules

Therefore, the slice of cake contains 2343.04 joules of energy.

c. To determine the number of kilojoules of energy for the slice of cake, we can divide the number of joules by 1000:

Number of kilojoules = 2343.04 joules / 1000 = 2.34304 kilojoules

Therefore, the slice of cake contains 2.34304 kilojoules of energy.

To determine the number of calories in 1.5 kilojoules of energy, we need to convert kilojoules to calories using the conversion factor 1 kilojoule = 1000 calories:

Number of calories = 1.5 kilojoules * 1000 calories/kilojoule = 1500 calories

Therefore, 1.5 kilojoules of energy contains 1500 calories.

Explanation:

Answer:

2. a. 560 Calories, b. 2343.04 J, c. 2.34304 kJ

3. 358.508604 Cal

Explanation:

2.

a. The number of calories found in the slice of chocolate cake is 56012.

b. To determine the number of joules of energy for the slice of cake, we can use the conversion factor that 1 calorie is equal to 4.184 joules3. Therefore, the number of joules in the slice of cake is:

560 Cal ⋅ 4.184 J/ 1 Cal = 2343.04J

c. To determine the number of kilojoules of energy for the slice of cake, we can use the conversion factor that 1 kilojoule is equal to 1000 joules4. Therefore, the number of kilojoules in the slice of cake is:

2343.04 J ⋅ 1 kJ/1000 J = 2.34304 kJ

3. To determine the number of calories in 1.5 kilojoules of energy, we can use the conversion factor that 1 kilojoule is equal to 239.005736 calories1. Therefore, the number of calories in 1.5 kilojoules of energy is:

1.5 kJ ⋅ 239.005736 Cal / 1 kJ = 358.508604 Cal

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some microorganisms convert light energy into chemical energy. It is a complex process that occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle). 

The light-dependent reactions (Photosynthesis)occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll. This energy is then used to generate ATP and NADPH, which are used in the next stage of the process. The light-independent reactions occur in the stroma of chloroplasts and involve the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules using the energy generated in the previous stage. 

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A 10 g piece of metal at 50°C absorbs 900 G of energy after which the temperature of the metal is 350°C. 0.35J/g°C is the specific heat of the metal.

The amount of heat needed to raise a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius in one gramme, also known as specific heat. Typically, calories and joules per gramme per degree Celsius are used as the measurement units of specific heat.

For instance, water has a specific heat of 1 calorie per gramme per degree Celsius. The notion of specific heat was developed by the Scottish scientist Joseph Black in the 18th century as a result of his discovery that equal masses of different substances required varying quantities.

q = m×c×ΔT

900= 10×c×( 350-50)

c=0.35J/g°C

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The most basic level of organization that can perform functions like converting food into energy is the cell.

The most basic level of organization that can perform functions like converting food into energy is the cell. Cells are the fundamental units of life and are capable of various functions, including metabolism, which involves converting food into energy through processes such as cellular respiration.

Cells can be found in all living organisms, from single-celled bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like plants and animals. Within a cell, various organelles such as mitochondria, which are responsible for energy production, carry out specialized functions to support the overall cellular function. Therefore, the cell is the smallest and most basic level of organization that is capable of performing functions like converting food into energy.

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The surface area of the rectangular prism is 0.034 square meters.

For a rectangular prism with length l, width w, and height h, the surface area is:

Surface area = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh

Substituting the given values, we get:

Surface area = 2(10 cm x 5 cm) + 2(10 cm x 8 cm) + 2(5 cm x 8 cm)

Surface area = 100 cm² + 160 cm² + 80 cm² = 340 cm²

We can use dimensional analysis. So the conversion factor is:

1 m² / 10,000 cm²

Multiplying the surface area by this conversion factor, we get:

Surface area = 340 cm² x (1 m² / 10,000 cm²)

Surface area = 0.034 m²

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--The complete Question is, What is the surface area of a rectangular prism that has a length of 10 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a height of 8 cm? Use dimensional analysis to convert the answer to square meters--

Answer: D

Explanation:

When 12.50 mL of 1.05 M KOH is added to 50.0 mL of 0.225 M HBr, the resulting solution has a pH of 13.35.

Here’s how to calculate it:

First, we need to determine the number of moles of KOH and HBr in the solution:

moles of KOH = (12.50 mL) * (1.05 mol/L) * (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.013125 mol moles of HBr = (50.0 mL) * (0.225 mol/L) * (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.01125 mol

KOH is a strong base and HBr is a strong acid, so they will react completely to form water and a salt (KBr):

KOH + HBr -> KBr + H2O

The number of moles of KOH is greater than the number of moles of HBr, so there will be an excess of KOH in the solution after the reaction is complete:

moles of excess KOH = moles of KOH - moles of HBr = 0.013125 mol - 0.01125 mol = 0.001875 mol

The total volume of the solution is the sum of the volumes of KOH and HBr:

total volume = 12.50 mL + 50.0 mL = 62.5 mL

The concentration of excess OH- ions in the solution is:

[OH-] = moles of excess KOH / total volume = 0.001875 mol / (62.5 mL * (1 L/1000 mL)) = 0.03 M

The pOH of the solution can be calculated using the formula pOH = -log[OH-]:

pOH = -log(0.03) = 1.52

The pH can be calculated using the formula pH + pOH = 14:

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1.52 = 13.35

So the correct answer is D. 13.35.

The feather is the least thick of the bunch. This is due to the fact that density is defined as mass per unit volume.

A feather has a relatively low mass compared to its volume, due to its porous and lightweight nature. Marble, coin, and phone all have substantially higher densities than a feather since they are constructed of denser materials such as stone, metal, and plastic/electronics.

As a result, when the density of these things is compared, the feather is the least dense.

Because it has a significantly smaller mass than the other objects listed, the feather would be the least dense. Because density is defined as mass per unit volume, an object with a lower mass and the same or greater volume has a lower density.

The stone, coin, and phone all have greater masses and thus higher densities than the feather. However, because density varies based on the exact material used, the relative densities of these things may change if they are made of different materials.

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79.8L is the volume for 5.00 mol of an ideal gas occupy at 25 C and 153 kPa of pressure.

A measurement of three-dimensional space is volume. It is frequently expressed quantitatively using SI-derived units, like the cubic metre or litre, or different imperial or US-standard units, including the gallon, quart and cubic inch. Volume and length (cubed) have a symbiotic relationship. A container's capacity is typically thought of as being represented by its volume.

P×V = n×R×T    

153000×V = 5×0.082×298

V= 79.8L

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The sample of the unknown metal has the mass of the 135 grams. The sample cools from the 100.5 °C to the 35.5 °C, and it releases the 7500 joules of the energy. The specific heat of the sample is 0.854 J/g °C.

Th mass of the metal = 135 g

The initial temperature = 100.5 °C

The final temperature = 35.5 °C

The heat energy releases = - 7500 J

The heat energy is expressed as :

Q = mc ΔT

Where,

The m is mass of the metal = 135 g

The c is the specific heat capacity = ?

The Q is heat energy releases = - 7500 J

The ΔT is the change in the temperature = final temperature - initial temperature.

The ΔT is the change in the temperature = 35.5 - 100.5

The ΔT is the change in the temperature =  - 65 °C

The specific heat capacity, c = Q / m ΔT

The specific heat capacity, c = - 7500 / 135 × - 65

The specific heat capacity, c = 0.854 J/g °C

The specific heat capacity of metal is 0.854 J/g °C.

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Answer:

Fusion and fission are two types of nuclear reactions that involve changes in the atomic nucleus of an atom.

Fusion is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus. This process releases a large amount of energy in the form of heat and light. Fusion occurs under high temperatures and pressures, similar to those found in the core of a star. A specific example of fusion is the fusion of two hydrogen nuclei to form helium, which is the process that powers the sun. In this reaction, the two hydrogen nuclei (protons) combine to form a helium nucleus, which consists of two protons and two neutrons. This process releases a large amount of energy in the form of gamma rays and other high-energy particles.

Fission, on the other hand, is the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two or more smaller nuclei. This process also releases a large amount of energy in the form of heat and radiation. Fission is used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. A specific example of fission is the splitting of a uranium-235 nucleus into two smaller nuclei, such as krypton-92 and barium-141, and several neutrons. This reaction also releases a large amount of energy in the form of gamma rays and other high-energy particles.

In the case of the element Si-32, fusion and fission reactions can occur. For example, Si-32 can undergo fusion with hydrogen to form a heavier element, such as sulfur or argon. On the other hand, Si-32 can also undergo fission, where it can split into smaller nuclei, such as magnesium and calcium. The specific details of these reactions, including the amount of energy released and the products formed, depend on the specific conditions and the reactants involved.

The number of mole of H₂O₂ that were composed by the catalyst (10 mL of potassium iodine) is 0.0396 mole

From the question given above, the following data were obtained

Molarity and number of mole of as substance are related according to the following equation

Molarity = number of mole / Volume

Inputting the given parameters, the number of mole H₂O₂ solution can be obtain as shown below:

0.7959 = number of mole of H₂O₂ solution / 0.0498

Cross multiply

Number of mole of H₂O₂ solution = 0.7959 × 0.0498

Number of mole of H₂O₂ solution = 0.0396 mole

Thus, the number of moles of H₂O₂ solution composed is 0.0396 mole

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The mass of the silver block, given that it was initially at 55.1 °C  and is submerged into 100.0 g of water at 25.0°C is 189.8 g

We'll begin our calculation by obtaining the heat absorbed by the water. Details below:

Q = MCΔT

Q = 100 × 4.184 × 2.9

Q = 1213.36 J

Finally, we shall determine the mass of the silver block. Details below:

Q = MCΔT

-1213.36 = M × 0.235 × -27.2

-1213.36 = M × -6.392

Divide both sides by -6.392

M = -1213.36 / -6.392

M = 189.8 g

Thus, we can conclude that the mass of the silver block is 189.8 g

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Complete question:

A silver block, initially at 55.1∘C, is submerged into 100.0 g of water at 25.0∘C in an insulated container. The final temperature of the mixture upon reaching thermal equilibrium is 27.9∘C. The specific heat capacities for water and silver are Cs,water = 4.18J/(g⋅∘C) and Cs, silver = 0.235J/(g⋅∘C). What is the mass of the silver block?

To calculate the amount of heat energy needed to cause the rise in temperature, you can use the formula:
Q = mcΔT

Where Q represents the heat energy, m is the mass of the water, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
Given:
m = 100 grams
c = 4.18 J/g°C
Initial temperature (T1) = 4°C
Final temperature (T2) = 37°C
First, find the change in temperature (ΔT):
ΔT = T2 - T1 = 37°C - 4°C = 33°C
Now, plug the values into the formula:
Q = (100 g) × (4.18 J/g°C) × (33°C)
Q = 13794 J

So, the amount of heat energy needed to cause this rise in temperature is 13,794 Joules.

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Answer: H2O + CO2 --> H2CO3

Explanation:

Water and Carbon Dioxide react to form Carbonic Acid

H2O + CO2 --> H2CO3

The volume of ammonia needed to react completely with 30 Liters of NO at STP is 45 L.

The volume of ammonia needed to react completely with 30 Liters of NO at STP is calculated as follows;

4NH₃  + 6NO    →   5N₂   +  6H₂O

From the reaction given above, we can see that;

4 moles of ammonia ------------> 6 moles of NO

ratio = 4 : 6

The volume of ammonia required is calculated as;

4 -------------- > 6

30 L -----------> ?

? = (30 L x 6 ) / 4

? = 45 L

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Answer:

true

Explanation:

1. To find the volume and units of a solution that contains 0.50 moles of NaOH dissolved in enough distilled water to make 3.0 M NaOH solution:

We first need to use the formula:

moles = concentration (in moles/L) x volume (in L)

Rearranging the formula to solve for volume, we get:

volume = moles / concentration

Substituting the given values, we get:

volume = 0.50 moles / 3.0 M = 0.17 L

Since the volume is given in liters, the units of the solution are L. Therefore, the solution contains 0.50 moles of NaOH dissolved in 0.17 L of distilled water, which makes a 3.0 M NaOH solution.

2. To find the molarity of a solution that contains 60.0 g of Ca(OH)2 dissolved in 150 mL of solution:

We first need to convert the mass of Ca(OH)2 to moles using the molar mass:

molar mass of Ca(OH)2 = 40.08 g/mol + 2 x 16.00 g/mol + 2 x 1.01 g/mol = 74.10 g/mol

moles of Ca(OH)2 = 60.0 g / 74.10 g/mol = 0.810 moles

Next, we need to convert the volume of the solution from milliliters to liters:

volume of solution = 150 mL / 1000 mL/L = 0.150 L

Finally, we can use the formula:

molarity = moles / volume

Substituting the given values, we get:

molarity = 0.810 moles / 0.150 L = 5.4 M

Therefore, the molarity of the solution is 5.4 M.

Answer: Cells

Explanation: