The final concentration of the solution after the dilution is: 0.425 M.
What is dilution?Dilution is a process that occurs when a solution is weakened by adding more solvent to it.
The formula for dilution is: (C1V1) = (C2V2),
where, C1 is the initial concentration of the solution,
V1 is the initial volume of the solution,
C2 is the final concentration of the solution, and
V2 is the final volume of the solution.
The values of V1 and V2 are often equal for simple dilutions.
Let's solve the problem now:
Step 1: Calculate the initial concentration of the solution.C1 = 1.70 MC1V1 = C2V2=> C1(64 ml) = (C2)(268 ml)=> C2 = (C1V1)/V2= (1.70 M x 64 ml) / 268 ml = 0.407 MStep 2: Calculate the final concentration of the solution.C1V1 = C2V2(0.407 M) (134 ml) = C2 (134 ml + 149 ml)C2 = 0.425 MTo know more about "Concentration" refer here:
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select each of the following that are true characteristics of phytochemicals. a.substances in plants b.substances found in dairy products c.substances that are essential for life d.substances that may possess health-protective effects
The following are the true characteristics of phytochemicals:
a. substances in plants
d. substances that may possess health-protective effects.
What are Phytochemicals?
Phytochemicals are naturally occurring chemicals found in plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts, that are responsible for their color, taste, and aroma. They are not essential nutrients, but they may help protect against diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and stroke. They are also known as phytonutrients or plant nutrients.
A and D are the correct choices, and they are true characteristics of phytochemicals. B and C are not true about phytochemicals. Hence, option A and option D are the right answer.
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an unknown compound exhibits a signal at 170 ppm in its 13c nmr spectrum. treatment with two equivalents of lialh4 followed by aqueous workup gives an amine. what could be the identity of the unknown compound?
The existence of a carbonyl group in the unidentified chemical is indicated by the signal at 170 ppm in the 13C NMR spectra.
What number of peaks or signals would you anticipate to see in the ethyl acetate C-13 NMR spectrum?It displays the four anticipated signals one for each of the carbonsas expected.
How many peaks does a carbon atom in a chemical cause the 13C NMR spectrum to produce?Four carbons and four peaks are present. No two carbons exist in the same environment exactly. The peak at slightly over 50 must be a carbon with a single bond connecting it to an oxygen.
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Silver and sulfur are combined to form 65.0 g silver sulfide. How many atoms of silver are necessary to do this?
3.206 x 10^23 atoms of silver are required to form 65.0 g of silver sulfide.
Steps
To determine how many atoms of silver are necessary to form 65.0 g of silver sulfide, we first need to calculate the number of moles of silver sulfide present in 65.0 g of the compound using its molar mass.
The molar mass of silver sulfide (Ag2S) can be calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent atoms:
Molar mass of Ag2S = (2 x atomic mass of Ag) + atomic mass of S
= (2 x 107.87 g/mol) + 32.06 g/mol
= 243.8 g/mol
Now we can calculate the number of moles of Ag2S present in 65.0 g of the compound:
Number of moles of Ag2S = mass of Ag2S / molar mass of Ag2S
= 65.0 g / 243.8 g/mol
= 0.2665 mol
From the chemical formula of silver sulfide (Ag2S), we know that 2 moles of silver are required to form 1 mole of Ag2S. Therefore, we can use this stoichiometric ratio to calculate the number of moles of silver required:
Number of moles of Ag = 2 x number of moles of Ag2S
= 2 x 0.2665 mol
= 0.5330 mol
Finally, we can use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) to convert the number of moles of silver to the number of atoms of silver:
Number of atoms of Ag = number of moles of Ag x Avogadro's number
= 0.5330 mol x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol
= 3.206 x 10^23 atoms
Therefore, 3.206 x 10^23 atoms of silver are required to form 65.0 g of silver sulfide.
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how many moles of fe will be formed from 4.1 moles of co? enter only the numeric value for your answer (no units).
The equivalent of 2.05 moles of Fe can be created from 4.1 moles of CO.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between CO (carbon monoxide) and Fe₂O₃ (iron(III) oxide) is:
3CO + Fe₂O₃ → 2Fe + 3CO₂
From the equation, we can see that 3 moles of CO reacts with 1 mole of Fe₂O₃ to produce 2 moles of Fe. Therefore, we can set up a proportion:
3 moles of CO / 1 mole of Fe₂O₃ = 2 moles of Fe / 1 mole of Fe₂O₃
Simplifying the proportion, we get:
3 moles of CO = 2 moles of Fe
Now, we can use this proportion to calculate the number of moles of Fe that can be formed from 4.1 moles of CO:
2 moles of Fe = (3 moles of CO / 1 mole of Fe₂O₃) x 4.1 moles of CO
2 moles of Fe = 12.3 moles of CO / mole of Fe₂O₃
Therefore, the number of moles of Fe that can be formed from 4.1 moles of CO is: 2.05 moles of Fe
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a buffer solution contains 0.11 mol of acetic acid and 0.14 mol of sodium acetate in 1.00 l. the ka of acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5. part a: what is the ph of this buffer? round your answer to two places past the decimal.
The buffer solution has a pH of 4.85.
To determine the pH of the buffer solution, we first need to calculate the concentration of both the conjugate acid (acetic acid) and conjugate base (sodium acetate) in the solution. Using the given information, we can calculate the concentrations as follows:
[acetic acid] = 0.11 mol/1.00 L = 0.11 M
[sodium acetate] = 0.14 mol/1.00 L = 0.14 M
Next, we need to determine the pKa of acetic acid, which is given as 1.8 x 10⁻⁵. We can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to calculate the pH of the buffer solution:
pH = pKa + log([A⁻]/[HA])
where [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base and [HA] is the concentration of the conjugate acid.
Substituting the values into the equation, we get:
pH = 4.74 + log(0.14/0.11) = 4.85
Therefore, the pH of the buffer solution is 4.85.
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calcium reacts with sulfur (s8) forming calcium sulfide. what is the theoretical yield (g) of cas(s) that could be prepared from 1.94 g of ca(s) and 3.40 g of sulfur(s)?
The theoretical yield (g) of `CaS` that could be prepared from `1.94 g` of `Ca(s)` and `3.40 g` of `S8` is `0.958 g`.
Mass of calcium (Ca) = 1.94 g
Mass of sulfur (S) = 3.40 g
The reaction is,
`Ca(s) + S8 -> CaS(s)`
Molar mass of Ca = 40 g/mol
Molar mass of S8 = 8 × 32.06 g/mol = 256.48 g/mol
As per the reaction 1 mol of Ca reacts with 1 mol of S8 to yield 1 mol of CaS. So, from 1 mol of Ca, we get 1 mol of CaS. Hence, from `40 g` of Ca, we get `CaS of 80 g`.
Now, calculating the number of moles of Ca, we have
`(1.94 g)/(40 g/mol)`= `0.0484 mol`
Calculating the number of moles of S, we have
`(3.40 g)/(256.48 g/mol)`= `0.01326 mol`
From the balanced equation, it is seen that 1 mole of Ca reacts with 1 mole of S to form 1 mole of CaS. Since S is the limiting reactant, 0.01326 moles of CaS can be obtained from 0.01326 moles of S. 1 mole of CaS weighs
40 + 32.06 = 72.06 g.
So, `0.01326 mol` of CaS weighs `0.958 g`. Hence, the theoretical yield of `CaS` is `0.958 g`.
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what two gases are the primary causes of acid deposition
The two gases that are the essential drivers of acid deposition are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
These gases collaborate in the atmosphere to frame fine sulfate and nitrate particles that can be transported significant distances by winds and breathed profoundly into individuals' lungs.
Some sources of sulfur dioxide incorporate the consumption of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, petrol refineries, concrete assembling, paper mash production, metal smelting and processing facilities, and volcanic eruptions.
Sulfur dioxide can irritate the nose, throat, and airways causing hacking, wheezing, shortness of breath, or a tight searching of the chest. High concentrations of SO2 can cause inflammation and irritation of the respiratory system. Individuals with lung diseases such as asthma, constant bronchitis, and emphysema are for the most part more sensitive to sulfur dioxide. Youngsters are at higher risk from SO2 exposure because their lungs are still creating. Exposure to sulfur dioxide might irritate the eyes, nose, and throat.
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Which molecule would you expect to be a free radical?
a. CO2
b. CO
c. N2O
d. NO
The molecule that would be expected to be a free radical is NO, A free radical is a molecule or atom that contains an unpaired electron in its outermost orbital. The correct option is D.
This unpaired electron makes the molecule highly reactive and prone to forming chemical bonds with other molecules in order to gain an electron and become stable.
Free radicals are often involved in chemical reactions that produce oxidative stress, which can damage cells and contribute to the development of diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.
NO, is a free radical because it contains an unpaired electron in its outermost orbital. CO2, CO, and N2O do not contain unpaired electrons and are not free radicals.
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Which of the following explains the relationship between surface area of a solid solute and its dissolution in a solvent? a.) As surface area increases, the time necessary for complete dissolution decreases. b.) As surface area decreases, the time necessary for complete dissolution decreases. c.) Surface area does not affect the time necessary for complete dissolution.
The correct answer is a.) As surface area increases, the time necessary for complete dissolution decreases.
This is because the rate of dissolution is proportional to the surface area of the solute exposed to the solvent. When the surface area of the solute is increased, the solvent molecules have more area to come into contact with the solute and dissolve it. Increasing the surface area of a solid solute increases the area available for solvent molecules to interact with the solute. Therefore, the solute particles dissolve faster, and the time necessary for complete dissolution decreases. This is why substances are often ground into smaller particles to increase their surface area, which enhances their solubility and dissolution rate.
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in bromination what is the intermediate step
In the bromination process, the intermediate step is the formation of a bromonium ion.
What is bromination?Bromination is the process of introducing bromine into a molecule. When an alkene is reacted with bromine, the alkene will undergo electrophilic addition. The addition of bromine to an alkene is an example of an electrophilic addition reaction. This is because the bromine molecule acts as the electrophile during the reaction. The electrophilic addition process can be broken down into three steps:
Step 1: The pi electrons in the alkene are attracted to the partially positive bromine.
Step 2: The pi electrons from the alkene form a bond with one of the bromine atoms.
Step 3: The bromine-bromine bond is broken and a bromine atom attaches to each of the carbon atoms.
What is the intermediate step in bromination?The formation of a bromonium ion is the intermediate step in the bromination process. The bromonium ion is a three-membered ring that contains a positively charged bromine atom. The bromonium ion is formed because the bromine molecule is not polarized enough to react directly with the pi electrons in the alkene. Instead, the bromine molecule is polarized by a solvent, such as water or acetic acid.
The polarized bromine molecule then acts as an electrophile and reacts with the alkene to form a bromonium ion. The bromonium ion is highly reactive and will react with a nucleophile, such as water or bromide ion, to form a vicinal dihalide.
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how much sodium chloride is contained in a fast-food deluxe hamburger that lists a salt content of 2.5 g?
Assuming that all the salt content in the deluxe hamburger is from sodium chloride, then the amount of sodium chloride contained in the hamburger is 2.5 grams.
Salt is composed of sodium chloride (NaCl), and the salt content listed in the deluxe hamburger refers to the amount of NaCl in the hamburger. Therefore, to determine the amount of sodium chloride, we simply use the given salt content value.
Salt content = 2.5 g
Sodium chloride is about 40% sodium by weight (the rest is chloride)
Therefore, the amount of sodium in 2.5 g of sodium chloride is:
2.5 g x 0.40 = 1.0 g
One mole of sodium weighs 22.99 g
Therefore, the number of moles of sodium in 1.0 g is:
1.0 g / 22.99 g/mol = 0.0435 mol
One mole of sodium chloride weighs 58.44 g
Therefore, the number of moles of sodium chloride in 0.0435 mol of sodium is:
0.0435 mol x (1 mol / 1 mol of NaCl) = 0.0435 mol of NaCl
Finally, the mass of sodium chloride in the hamburger is:
0.0435 mol x 58.44 g/mol = 2.54 g
So, there are approximately 2.54 g of sodium chloride in the fast-food deluxe hamburger.
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what are the reduced mass and moment of inertia of 23 na35 cl? the equilibrium internuclear distance re is 236 pm. whatarethevaluesofe forthestateswithj 1andj 2?
The reduced mass of NaCl= 14.45 amu.
moment of inertia= [tex]= 0.809 \times 10^{-43} kg m^2[/tex]
E value For J=1 is E(1) = 0.360 [tex]cm^{-1}[/tex] and for J=2 is E(2) = 0.720[tex]cm^{-1}[/tex]
To find the reduced mass and moment of inertia of a diatomic molecule like NaCl, we need to know the masses of the two atoms (Na and Cl) and the equilibrium internuclear distance.
The mass of Na is approximately 23 atomic mass units (amu), while the mass of Cl is approximately 35 amu.
The reduced mass of the system can be calculated using the following formula:
μ [tex]= m_1m_2 / (m_1 + m_2)[/tex]
where [tex]m_1[/tex] and [tex]m_2[/tex] are the masses of the two atoms.
μ = (23 amu x 35 amu) / (23 amu + 35 amu)
= 14.45 amu
The moment of inertia of a diatomic molecule is given by the formula:
[tex]I = \mu r^2[/tex]
where μ is the reduced mass of the system and r is the internuclear distance.
[tex]I = 14.45 amu \times (236 pm)^2[/tex]
[tex]= 0.809 \times 10^{-43} kg m^2[/tex]
To find the values of E for the states with J=1 and J=2, we need to know the rotational constant (B) of the molecule. The rotational constant is related to the moment of inertia by the formula:
[tex]B = h / (8\pi^2cI)[/tex]
where h is Planck's constant, c is the speed of light, and I is the moment of inertia.
[tex]B = (6.626\times 10^{-34} J s) / (8\pi^2\times 3\times 10^8 m/s \times0.809\times 10^{-43} kg m^2)[/tex]
[tex]= 0.180 cm^{-1}[/tex]
The energy of a rotational state with quantum number J is given by the formula:
E(J) = B J(J+1)
For J=1, E(1) = 0.360 [tex]cm^{-1}[/tex]
For J=2, E(2) = 0.720[tex]cm^{-1}[/tex]
Note: The values of E are very small because they correspond to rotational transitions, which typically have lower energies than electronic transitions.
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Define radioactive half-life. Use the terms parent isotope & daughter isotope in your answer.
Answer:
Radioactive half-life refers to the amount of time it takes for half of the parent isotopes in a radioactive substance to decay into their respective daughter isotopes. The parent isotope is the original, unstable radioactive isotope that undergoes radioactive decay, while the daughter isotope is the resulting isotope after the decay process. During each half-life, the amount of parent isotope decreases by half, while the amount of daughter isotope increases correspondingly. This process continues in subsequent half-lives until all of the parent isotopes have decayed into their daughter isotopes.
A compound is composed of 79.4% carbon, 8.9% hydrogen, and 11.7% oxygen by weight. If it has a molar mass of 272 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?
what is the name of an interaction that would form between two ions? group of answer choices hydrogen bonds. none of these (nonpolar molecules do not form imfs). dipole-induced dipole interaction ion-ion interaction ion-dipole interaction ion-induced dipole interaction dipole-dipole interaction
_ NH3 + __ O2 --> __ NO + __ H2O
Answer:
4NH3 + 5O2 --> 4NO + 6H2O
Explanation:
Balance the elements one at a time to get each value.
The point at which indicator undergoes colour change is called end point titration. True or False?
The given statement "The point at which indicator undergoes color change is called end point titration. " is True.
The endpoint of a titration is the point at which the indicator being used undergoes a color change, indicating that the reaction between the analyte and the titrant is complete. The choice of indicator depends on the nature of the reaction being studied and the pH range in which the reaction occurs. The indicator is selected such that its color changes at the pH at which the reaction is complete. For example, phenolphthalein is commonly used as an indicator in acid-base titrations because it changes from colorless to pink in the presence of a base, indicating the endpoint of the titration.
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what is the mass percent of chlorine in iron(ii) chloride?
The mass percent of chlorine in Iron(II) chloride is 55.93%.
Iron(II) chloride is a chemical compound that has the formula FeCl₂. It is also known as ferrous chloride. Iron(II) chloride is an ionic compound. It is made up of positively charged iron ions (Fe2+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl−).The formula mass of FeCl₂ can be calculated as follows:
Formula mass of FeCl₂ = Atomic mass of Fe + (Atomic mass of Cl × 2)
Formula mass of FeCl₂ = 55.85 + (35.45 × 2) = 126.75.
The mass percent of chlorine in Iron(II) chloride can be calculated using the following formula:
Mass percent of chlorine = (Mass of Cl in FeCl₂ ÷ Formula mass of FeCl₂) × 100%
The mass of chlorine in one mole of FeCl₂ is equal to the product of the number of chlorine atoms in one mole of FeCl₂ and the atomic mass of chlorine.The number of chlorine atoms in one mole of FeCl₂ is 2, and the atomic mass of chlorine is 35.45.
Mass of Cl in FeCl₂ = Number of Cl atoms × Atomic mass of Cl
Mass of Cl in FeCl₂ = 2 × 35.45 = 70.9
Now, let's substitute the mass of chlorine and the formula mass of FeCl₂ into the formula to calculate the mass percent of chlorine. Mass percent of chlorine = (Mass of Cl in FeCl₂ ÷ Formula mass of FeCl₂) × 100%
Mass percent of chlorine = (70.9 ÷ 126.75) × 100% = 0.5593 × 100% = 55.93%.
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in order to apply silicone oil/grease to a glass joint, use your fingers to smear the grease on the smaller part of the joint. True or False?
Grease can be applied with a syringe, wood splint because If grease is allowed with fingers there is a possibility the reagent will dissolve the grease and become contaminated. So, the statement is false.
The grease lubricants can come from many sources. Raw materials of the grease includes the base fluids, additives and thickeners used to make lubricating oils and grease may contain paper fiber, plastic debris, iron oxide, and chips from a drum liner.
The hardness and size of the greases over rolled particles may damage the bearing surfaces which gives a noticeable increase in overall bearing noise but not to the degree that the bearing fatigue life is adversely affected. If grease is allowed with fingers there is a possibility the reagent will dissolve the grease and become contaminated so it can't be used with fingers.
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A 100.0 mL sample of 0.20 M HF is titrated with 0.10M KOH. Determine the pH of the solution after the addition of 300.0 mL of KOH. The Ka of HF is 3.5*10^-4.
A) 12.40 (correct answer)
B) 9.33
C) 5.06
D) 8.94
E) 12.00
The 100.0 mL sample of the 0.20 M HF is titrated with the 0.10M KOH. The pH of the solution after the addition of the 300.0 mL of KOH is 12.40. The correct option is A.
The chemical equation is as :
HF(aq) + KOH(aq) ------> KF(aq) + H2O(l)
Number of the moles of HF = 100.0/1000 L × 0.20 M
= 0.02 moles
Number of the moles of KOH = 300/1000 L × 0.10 M
= 0.03 moles
The acid is in excess then we have to find the concentration of the excess acid.
The Number of the moles of excess acid = 0.02 moles - 0.03 moles
= 0.01 moles
Total volume of solution = 100.0 mL + 300 mL
= 400 mL or 0.4 L
Concentration of excess acid = 0.01 moles/0.4 L
= 0.025 M
pOH = -log[OH⁻]
pOH = -log[ 0.025 M]
pOH = 1.60
pH = 14 - 1.60
pH = 12.40
The correct option is A.
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molarity how can the concentration of a solution be expressed quantitatively?
The concentration of a solution can be expressed quantitatively through the concept of molarity.
What is Molarity?The number of moles of solute present in one liter of the solution is called molarity (M). It is a quantitative measure of the concentration of a solution. The following formula is used to calculate the molarity of a solution:
Molarity = Moles of solute/Liters of solutionIn other words, molarity is a measure of how many moles of solute are dissolved in one liter of the solution. It is generally expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). For example, a 0.1 M solution of sodium chloride means that there are 0.1 moles of sodium chloride present in one liter of the solution.
Importance of MolarityMolarity is an important concept in chemistry as it is used to determine the amount of a chemical substance in a solution. It is widely used in chemical reactions, stoichiometry, and in the calculation of pH, equilibrium constants, and other important chemical properties. It is also a useful measure in analytical chemistry and in the preparation of reagents for scientific experiments. Molarity plays a significant role in many areas of chemistry, including biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, and environmental chemistry.
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two metals, A and B are placed in direct contact in an insulated container. Metal a has a mass of 50g and an initial temperature of 150C, and metal B had a mass of 50g and an initial temperature of 50c. If the equilibrium of the two metals is 75c, which metal has a higher specific heat?
Answer: A is better trust me I qualified my sats
Explanation:
potassium chlorate decomposes into potassium chloride and oxygen gas. (True or False)
Answer:
True
Explanation:
(with a manganese dioxide catalyst)
2) a) Write the chemical reaction showing hydrogen carbonate polyatomic ion acting as an acid in water.
b) Write the chemical reaction showing hydrogen carbonate polyatomic ion acting as a base in water.
3) Acidic solutions have pH
than 7, while basic solutions have pH.
Neutral solutions have pH.
4) In a certain aqueous solution, the concentration of [H*] = 1.0 x 10-4 mol/L.
a) Calculation the pH of this solution. Show your work.
b) Is this solution acidic, neutral, or basic?
5) In another solution, the concentration of (H*1 = 1.0 × 10° mol/L.
a) Calculation the pH of this solution. Show your work.
b) Is this solution acidic, neutral, or basic?
c) Can a basic solution have any H* ions in it?
Answer:
2a) The chemical reaction showing hydrogen carbonate polyatomic ion (HCO3-) acting as an acid in water is:
HCO3- + H2O → H3O+ + CO32-
In this reaction, the hydrogen carbonate ion donates a hydrogen ion (H+) to water, forming hydronium ion (H3O+) and carbonate ion (CO32-).
2b) The chemical reaction showing hydrogen carbonate polyatomic ion (HCO3-) acting as a base in water is:
HCO3- + H2O ↔ H2CO3 + OH-
In this reaction, the hydrogen carbonate ion accepts a hydrogen ion (H+) from water, forming carbonic acid (H2CO3) and hydroxide ion (OH-).
3) Acidic solutions have a pH less than 7, while basic solutions have a pH greater than 7. Neutral solutions have a pH of 7.
4a) The pH of a solution can be calculated using the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
Given [H+] = 1.0 x 10^-4 mol/L, we have:
pH = -log(1.0 x 10^-4) = 4
Therefore, the pH of the solution is 4.
4b) Since the pH of the solution is less than 7, it is acidic.
5a) The pH of a solution can be calculated using the formula:
pH = -log[H+]
Given [H+] = 1.0 x 10^0 mol/L, we have:
pH = -log(1.0 x 10^0) = 0
Therefore, the pH of the solution is 0.
5b) Since the pH of the solution is 0, it is highly acidic.
5c) No, a basic solution cannot have any H+ ions in it. Basic solutions have a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) than hydrogen ions (H+).
a 9.5 l container at 1.7 atm has 0.50 mol c3h6, a van der waals gas with . what is the temperature (k)?
A 9.5 l container at 1.7 atm has 0.50 mol C₃H₆ , a vander waal gas, the temperature will be 393.65 K.
The formula of ideal gas equation is
PV= nRT
where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the no of moles of gas, R is gas constant and T is the temperature.
Here,
P=1.7 atm
V= 9.5 l
n= 0.50 mol
Converting 1.7 atm into Kpa
P= 1.7 atm × 101.325 Kpa/1 atm
P=172.2525 KPa
Putting these values in the equation PV=nRT
172.2525 KPa × 9.5 l = 0.5 mol×8.314 l.KPa/mol.K.T
⇒1636.39875 l. KPa= 4.157 l.KPa/ K.T
⇒T= 393.6489
⇒T= 393.65 approx
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Which explains the charge of an ion of calcium (Ca)?
A. 2 electrons are gained by the atom.
B. 2 electrons are removed from the atom.
C. 2 protons are removed from the atom.
D. 2 protons are gained by the atom.
Answer:
B. 2 electrons are removed from the atom
Explanation:
The charge of an ion of calcium (Ca) is +2, which means that the calcium atom has lost 2 electrons.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. 2 electrons are removed from the atom.
If the specific heat of the solid is 1.56J/gC, the specific heat for the liquid is 3.11 J/gC, the specific heat of the gas is .988 J/gC, the heat of fusion is 107 J/g, and the heat of vaporization is 854 J/g, Calculate all the energy absorbed by the sample as described above.
The total energy absorbed by the sample is 34276m + 30075.2 J.
What is the heat of fusion?The heat of fusion is the amount of heat required to melt one unit of mass of a substance at its melting point without a change in temperature.
What is the heat of vaporization?The heat of vaporization is the amount of heat required to vaporize one unit of mass of a substance at its boiling point without a change in temperature.
To calculate the energy absorbed by the sample, we need to know the mass of the sample and the temperature changes it undergoes. Assuming the sample starts as a solid at a temperature of -20°C, is heated to its melting point, melted, then heated to its boiling point, and finally vaporized, the calculations are as follows:
Energy absorbed to heat the sample from -20°C to 0°C:
Q = m * C * ΔT
Q = m * 1.56 J/g°C * (0°C - (-20°C))
Q = 31.2 * m J
Energy absorbed to melt the sample at 0°C:
Q = m * Hfus
Q = 107 J/g * 31.2 g
Q = 3338.4 J
Energy absorbed to heat the sample from 0°C to 100°C:
Q = m * C * ΔT
Q = m * 3.11 J/g°C * (100°C - 0°C)
Q = 311 * m J
Energy absorbed to vaporize the sample at 100°C:
Q = m * Hvap
Q = 854 J/g * 31.2 g
Q = 26636.8 J
Energy absorbed to heat the sample from 100°C to 200°C:
Q = m * C * ΔT
Q = m * 0.988 J/g°C * (200°C - 100°C)
Q = 98.8 * m J
Total energy absorbed:
Qtotal = 31.2m + 3338.4 + 311m + 26636.8 + 98.8m
Qtotal = 34276m + 30075.2 J
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WILL MARK BRAINLIEST PLS HELP! Predict whether or not the following single replacement reaction will happen. If the reaction will occur, write a complete balanced equation.
Bromine + Sodium chloride →
The single replacement reaction between bromine (Br₂) and sodium chloride (NaCl) will occur.
Bromine is a more reactive halogen than chlorine, and it can displace chlorine from its compound. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
Br₂ + 2NaCl → 2NaBr + Cl₂
In this reaction, bromine replaces chlorine to form sodium bromide and chlorine gas. The reaction occurs because bromine is more reactive than chlorine, and it has a higher tendency to gain an electron to form a bromide ion.
Sodium chloride contains positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged chloride ions. When bromine is added to sodium chloride, it reacts with chloride ions to form sodium bromide and chlorine gas. Sodium bromide is an ionic compound that contains positively charged sodium ions and negatively charged bromide ions.
Chlorine gas is a diatomic molecule that contains two chlorine atoms covalently bonded together.
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The Ostwald Process is used to make Nitric Acid in a one step process where ammonia is burnt in 900 degrees Celsius at 10 atm in the presence of platinum/rhodium catalyst. Explain:
(a) Why a temperature of 900 degrees Celsius is used.
(b) Why is a pressure of 10 atm used?
(c) Economic consideration.
Nitric acid is created by the Ostwald process. Platinum is utilised as a catalyst. Nowadays, catalysts consisting of 90% platinum and 10% rhodium are in use. The temperature is 800 °C.
What key byproduct is produced during the ammonia oxidation steps of the Ostwald nitric acid manufacturing process?The first phase in Ostwald's method for producing nitric acid includes oxidising ammonia gas with oxygen gas to produce nitric oxide gas and steam.
How does the Ostwald process produce nitric acid? What conditions are necessary to obtain the Optimum product?Significant steps in the Ostwald process: A catalytic chamber is filled from the top with a 1:10 combination of ammonia and clean, filtered air.
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D. In many methods that employ multiple measurements, one particular type of measurement may be the "weak link" that limits overall precision. For the density measurements you made here, you will determine what contributes most to the CV of your calculated density - the measurements of mass or of dimensions. Typical standard deviation for length and mass using the equipment employed in this lab are the following:
Dimensions: 0. 01 cm
Mass: 0. 002 g
Select the data for your lightest object, focusing on its mass and its shortest dimension, and answer the following two questions:
(2pts)
What is the CV for the mass value?
(2pts)
What is the CV for the measurement of its shortest dimension?
(2pts)
e. Which type of measurements (mass or dimensions) had the greatest impact on the CV of the measured density? Choose the explanation
Mass measurements have the greater impact because the mass CV with lightest object was greater than its dimension CV.
Mass measurements have the greater impact because the mass CV with lightest object was lesser than its dimension CV.
Dimension measurements have the greater impact because the dimension CV with lightest object was greater than its mass CV.
Dimension measurements have the greater impact because the dimension CV with lightest object was lesser than its mass CV
We can draw the conclusion that compared to dimension measurements, mass readings had a smaller effect on the CV of the measured density.
To determine the contribution of mass and dimensions on the coefficient of variation (CV) of the calculated density, we can calculate the CV for both mass and dimension measurements separately for the lightest object.
Let's assume that the mass of the lightest object is 0.5 g and its shortest dimension is 1.0 cm. The CV for mass can be calculated as follows:
CV for mass = (standard deviation of mass / mean mass) x 100%
CV for mass = (0.002 g / 0.5 g) x 100%
CV for mass = 0.4%
Similarly, the CV for dimension can be calculated as follows:
CV for dimension = (standard deviation of dimension / mean dimension) x 100%
CV for dimension = (0.01 cm / 1.0 cm) x 100%
CV for dimension = 1.0%
From these calculations, we can see that the CV for mass is lower than the CV for dimension, indicating that mass measurements are more precise than dimension measurements for this particular object.
Therefore, we can conclude that mass measurements had a lesser impact on the CV of the measured density compared to dimension measurements. This is because the contribution of mass measurement uncertainty to the overall CV is lower than that of the dimension measurement uncertainty.
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