Nonsense mutations are point mutations that cause an mRNA codon to turn into a stop codon. If the mutation is at the beginning of the gene, it is more damaging because most of the protein is affected. The new molecule is shorter, quite different from the original one, and would not accomplish all its functions.
What is a nonsense mutation?
When a change occurs in a single base pair, it is known as a point mutation. Points mutations might be either silent, missense, or nonsense.
Nonsense mutations turn the mRNA codon into a stop codon, making the mutated protein reach its end before the original protein.
The length of the new molecule depends on where the mutation occurred.
If the mutation occurs at the beginning it is more damaging than if it occurs at the end.
If the mutation occurs at the end, most of the original protein can be synthesized before reaching the mutation point, getting to be highly similar to the original protein, and getting to accomplish most of its functions. If the mutation occurs at the beginning of the gene, the new protein is almost entirely different from the original one, very short, and with highly altered functions.You can learn more about nonsense mutations at
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Label the illustrations of the four different types of joints. Use these choices:
Elbow has the Hin/ge joints.
Shoulder has the Ba/ll and Socket Joints.
Wrist has the Gli/di/ng Joints.
Neck vertebrate has the P/iv/ot Joints.
What are the different types of joints?Joints are the areas where two or more bones come together. There are four main types of joints in the human body:
Hin/ge Joints: Hin/ge joints are the most common type of joint in the body and are found in the elbow, knee, and fingers. They allow movement in only one direction, like the opening and closing of a door.Ball and Socket Joints: Ball-and-socket joints are found in the hip and shoulder. They allow for a wide range of motion in all directions, including rotation.Pivot Joints: Pivot joints are found in the neck and allow for rotation, such as when you turn your head from side to side.Gli/ding Joints: Gliding joints are found in the wrists, ankles, and spine. They allow for movement in multiple directions, but the range of motion is usually limited.Read more about joints
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Jessica made a list describe Earth’s hydrosphere.
1. Forms a thin layer
2.Covers majority of lithosphere
3.Composed primarily of rock
4. Interacts with the atmosphere
5. Is brittle and rigid
Which items from Jessica’s list are incorrect?
A. 1 and 5
B. 2 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 3 and 5
K
The following image is a cross-section showing how air near the Earth's surface generally moves. It also shows how the polar jet
stream tends to cause rain, while the subtropical jet stream tends to bring dry weather. The bottom of the image shows the latitude-
the approximate distance from the equator-of each jet stream's average position.
19 of 20 Answered
Polar Jet
North Pole
60'N
30'N
Image modified from image courtesy of NOAA/NWS
Based on this image, where are deserts and other dry climates most likely to be located?
OA. near 60° latitude
OB. near the subtropical jet
OC. near the equator
OD.near the polar jet
Subtropical jet
How does the human genome promote human heredity and continuity from generations to generation?
The human genome is the complete set of genetic information encoded in the DNA of human cells. It contains all the instructions that are necessary for the development and function of a human being.
What is Heridity?
Heredity refers to the passing down of traits from one generation to the next through genetic material, such as DNA. These traits can include physical characteristics, such as eye color and height, as well as predispositions to certain diseases or conditions.
The genome plays a crucial role in human heredity and continuity from one generation to the next in several ways:
Inheritance of genetic traits: The genome contains genes, which are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for making proteins. These proteins determine the physical and biological characteristics of an individual, such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to certain diseases.
Genetic diversity: While humans share many similarities in their genetic makeup, each individual also has unique variations in their genome. This genetic diversity is important for the survival of the species because it allows for adaptation to different environments and resistance to diseases.
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Which of the following are roles played by cell membranes? Select ALL that apply.
Isolate contents of the cell from the surrounding interstitial fluid
Isolate contents of organelles from the surrounding cytosol
Regulate exchange of molecules between different sides of membrane
Facilitate communication between cells in multicellular organisms
Regulate biological reactions
The following which are roles played by cell membranes include the following below
Isolate contents of the cell from the surrounding interstitial fluidIsolate contents of organelles from the surrounding cytosolRegulate exchange of molecules between different sides of membraneFacilitate communication between cells in multicellular organisms.Regulate biological reactionsWhat is a Cell membrane?This is referred to as a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment.
Gap junctions in animals and plasmodesmata in plants are connections between the plasma membranes of neighboring cells and the water-filled channels allow small signaling molecules to diffuse between the two cells which aid communication.
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how human use of fossil fuels will affect their distribution over time (cause and effect)
According to figure 25 to which star is the hottest
Answer: GeoPanther The star that is hotter than the Sun is Vega. This is due to the fact that Vega is much closer to the Main Sequence. In this part of the galaxy the temperature is much bigger, the density is also bigger, and the stars in this part have bigger temperatures and also densities, no matter the size of them. Advertisement damenxaviermoore
Explanation:
an undisturbed deer population grows until its carrying capacity is reached . Which graph best resembles the deer population?
Graph B demonstrates exactly what was described. The number of people line will rise until it reaches the horizontal line. The population will have stabilized at this point, and the graph will take on a S shape. As a result, B is the correct answer.
What exactly is carrying capacity?The carrying capacity is the number of people that a region can support without harm, and it is represented by the horizontal line that appears on all of the maps.
This graph's line depicts the evolution of the number of people over time. As the number of people increases over time, so should the length of the line. And as the number of people decreases, so should the line.
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which is a point mutation and not a frame shift mutation
Sickle cell anemia is a point mutation in which the 6th position of the beta chain of Hb is replaced from glutamate to valine
The point mutation is the one in which there is a change in one codon as in sickle cell anemia whereas frame shift mutation occurs due to either insertion or deletion of multiple codons
HELP ASAP PLEASE!
4. The thoracic cage does not protects these organs.
A. Heart
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Lower intestine
When complex plants are produced by cloning, which process is most directly involved?
1.gamete production
2.meiotic cell division
3.mitotic cell division
4.sperm cell fertilization
Name 2 food marking processes?
Answer:
canning
Explanation:
please answer the image below
Lactose molecules bind to the repressor and removes it from the operator and transcription process can continue with RNA polymerase.
Why is lactose necessary for lac operon transcription?The lac operon generally only begins to transcript when there is lactose available for it to digest. This, presumably, prevents energy from being wasted in the manufacture of enzymes for which there isn't a substrate. All three enzyme-coding sequences are included in a single mRNA transcript known as a polycistronic transcript.
What results from the presence of lactose?Galactose and glucose are the monosaccharides that lactase converts lactose into, making them absorbable. Ultimately, insulin aids in the uptake of glucose by our cells. The liver receives galactose, and there it is converted to glucose for use in generating energy.
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The basic structural and physiological unit of all living organism is the
Answer: cells
Explanation: The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Cells are independent, single-celled organisms that take in nutrients, excrete wastes, detect and respond to their environment, move, breathe, grow, and reproduce.
For this modeling activity, assume that your species reproduces sexually. This assumption implies that it inherits half of its chromosomes from its mother and half from its father. Recall that in sexual reproduction, individuals inherit homologous pairs of chromosomes—one from the father and one from the mother. This arrangement allows for two alleles for every gene. The alleles can be dominant or recessive. You will model three traits controlled by three gene types on homologous chromosomes. Your genes should have these patterns of inheritance:
Trait 1: Simple dominant/recessive inheritance
Example: In pea plants, YY and Yy genotypes will yield yellow pea pods, but inherited yy will yield green pea pods.
Trait 2: Co-dominance
Co-dominance occurs when there’s more than one dominant allele and they express equally.
Example: Human blood type is co-dominant. IA (type A blood), IB (type B), and i (O blood) are controlled by A and B dominant alleles. If a person inherits A and B alleles, they’ll have AB blood. O blood is caused by two recessive alleles.
Trait 3: Incomplete dominance
Incomplete dominance occurs when there is more than one dominant gene, but the expression of both genes creates a blending of traits.
Example: RR = red flowers, WW = white flower, but RW = pink flowers.
Come up with your three traits and the possible inherited phenotypes. Here’s an example:
Trait Phenotype 1 Phenotype 2 Phenotype 3 Phenotype 4
Seed Color
(simple/dominant recessive) Yy and YY
(yellow seeds) yy (green seeds) N/A N/A
Flower Color
(co-dominance) IRIR and IRi = red flowers IWIW and IWi = white flowers IWIR = red/white speckled ii = yellow flowers
Pod Shape
(incomplete dominance) PP = long, balloon-shaped pods FF = flat, narrow pods PF = long, flat pods N/A
To get started, think about the traits your species needs to help it survive in its environment. Come up with variations of these traits. You can include neutral traits (variations that won’t affect the organism’s survival), and beneficial traits (variations that would give the organism a better chance for survival). You can even include harmful genes or genes that could cause genetic diseases. Fill in the chart with the traits you chose and the possible inherited phenotypes.
12pt
Co-dominance and partial dominance are non-mendelian inheritance patterns, whereas complete dominance is the mendelian inheritance pattern. the length of one's hair. Second trait: hair color. Three: Hair kind.
What does total domination mean?We speak about total dominance when the dominant allele entirely conceals the recessive allele.
Those that express the dominant trait and are heterozygous for a certain gene fall into this category.
The expression of the recessive allele is concealed by the dominant allele.
Co-dominance: What is it?A non-Mendelian inheritance pattern known as codominance occurs when two alleles of the same gane are expressed equally.
There are no dominant or recessive alleles because neither one prevents the other from being expressed in heterozygous people.
A heterozygote's phenotypic displays two alternative variants that were inherited from each homozygous parent.
Due to the cumulative expression of their parents' genes, heterozygous people exhibit both of their parents' characteristics.
What exactly is partial dominance?is a non-mendelian mode of inheritance where the heterozygous person expresses a phenotype that falls between the dominant and recessive phenotypes.
Both of the relevant alleles partially coexist with one another.
We'll give an illustration of mammal hair.
Straightforward dominant/recessive inheritance is the first trait.
- A diallelic gene expressing total dominance codes for length.
L codes for having long hair and is the dominant allele.
A recessive allele that codes for short hair is l.
Feature 2: Codominance
- A triallelic gene I that expresses co-dominance codes for color.
IB abbreviates for black. IW is a code for white and is dominant to i. I codes for albino when it is dominant to I and codominant to IB. Incomplete dominance is a recessive allele trait three.
- A diallelic gene displaying incomplete dominance codes for the type of hair.
S stands for straight hair and is recessive whereas C stands for curly hair and is dominant.
Trait 1 Trait2 Trait3 Trait 4
Length LL-Long Ll-Long ll-Short ***
Color IBIB/IBi-Black IBIW-Black/White IWIW/IWi-White ii-albino
Type SS-Curly Ss -Wavy ss-straight ***
Genotypes Phenotypes
LLBBSS, LlBBSS Long, Black, Curly hair
LLBWSS, LlBWSS Long, Black and white, Curly hair
LLWWSS, LlWWSS Long, White, Curly hair
LLBBSs, LlBBSs Long, Black, Wavy hair
LLBWSs, LlBWSs Long, Black and white, Wavy hair
LLWWSs, LlWWSs Long, White, Wavy hair
LLBBss, LlBBss Long, Black, Straight hair
LLBWss, LlBWss Long, Black and white, Straight hair
LLWWss, LlWWss Long, White, Straight hair
llBBSS Short , Black, Curly hair
llBWSS Short, Black and white, Curly hair
llWWSS Short, White, Curly hair
llBBSs Short, Black, Wavy hair
llBWSs Short, Black and white, Wavy hair
llWWSs Short, White, Wavy hair
llBBss Short, Black, Straight hair
llBWss Short, Black and white, Straight hair
llWWss Short, White, Straight hair
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Complete question -
How does the number of times the nostrils open and close in one minute compare with the number of times the frog’s throat moves up and down in one minute?
The number of times is the same when referring to frogs. The throat therefore travels up and down whatever many times the nostrils open and close in a minute.
In a frog, the neck moves up and down between 80 and 120 times per minute; these motions are referred to as oscillatory. The floor of the buccal cavity exhibits oscillatory motions (floor alternately lowered and elevated) when breathing through the buccopharyngeal cavity, maintaining the mouth, gullet, and glottis closed. The frog lowers the floor of its mouth, which causes the neck to widen and pull air into its mouth. Air then enters the larger mouth as the nostrils expand.
The air in the mouth is then driven into the lungs by contraction of the mouth floor as the nostrils close. The floor of the mouth glides downward, sucking air from the lungs and into the mouth to expel the carbon dioxide in the lungs. Eventually, the mouth floor is raised, forcing the air out of the nostrils, and the nostrils are opened.
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PLS HELP ME THERE ARE THREE QUESTIONS IM GIVING 50 POINTS AND A BRAINLIST !!!! IF U WANT MORE POINTS TELL ME IN THE COMMENT SO I CAN MAKE A FALSE QUESTION YOU JS PUT OK AND ILL GIVE U 100 POINTS SO IN TOTAL 150!!! JS PLSSS THIS IS HALF MY GRADE(NO COPYING AND PASTING)
How does the lion’s behavior compare to the behavior of the Burchell’s zebras that were tracked? How are the causes for migration similar and different?
How might the drought have caused a shift in the lion population in Amboseli National Park?
How do you think the drought-affected other savanna animals?
Do you think those animals behaved in a similar way?
Answer:
The lion's behavior is quite different from the behavior of the Burchell's zebras that were tracked. Lions are typically solitary animals, while zebras are social animals that travel in herds. The causes for migration are similar in that both species migrate in search of food and water. The drought caused a shift in the lion population in Amboseli National Park by forcing them to move to areas with more food and water. The drought also affected other savanna animals, such as antelopes, wildebeests, and elephants, by forcing them to migrate to areas with more resources. These animals may have behaved in a similar way to the lions, but it is difficult to know for sure without further research.
Explanation:
Your welcome :)
The diagram shown here represents a portion of a nucleic acid molecule. The part indicated by the arrow could be 1) phosphate 2) adenine 3) deoxyriibose 4) uracil
The part indicated is the phosphate molecule as has been shown.
What is the nucleic acid ?Nucleic acids are biological macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information in living organisms. They are composed of nucleotide building blocks, which consist of a sugar molecule (either ribose or deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
There are two types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is found primarily in the nucleus of cells and serves as the genetic material that stores the instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. RNA is involved in the synthesis of proteins and other cellular functions.
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Discuss three kinds of waste removal that humans must remove from their bodies, and explain why waste removal is important to living organisms.
The three types of waste removal are:
1. Urea
2. Metabolic gases
3. Non-digested food
Urea is the waste formed in our body as a result of protein break down which is excreted as a major component of urine
Metabolic wastes like CO2 are formed as a result of cell restoration that is released through the lung's expiration.
Non-digested food in the intestine is removed from the body as faeces
Answer:
Urine, sweat, and carbon dioxide
Explanation:
A type of waste is urine because uric acid is removed from the kidneys in the form of urine. Another waste product is when excess water is removed from the skin in the form of sweat. The 3rd waste that is removed is carbon dioxide which is removed from the lungs be exhaling. Waste removal is important to living things because it controls homeostasis and it removes toxic waste, and removes things that are no longer needed in the organism.
explain how the behaviour of centriole and spindle during mitosis is associated with the behaviour of chromosomes
Answer: Chromosomal behavior refers to the routine movement of chromosomes during cell division. During mitosis, chromosomes that are replicated align themselves along the equator of the cell to create a metaphase plate. After that, sister chromatids are pulled apart towards the opposite poles of the cells.
And when the chromosomes are condensing to undergo mitosis, the centrioles form the areas that the mitotic spindle forms. And those mitotic spindles go and attach to each of the chromosomes and pull the chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell to allow cytokinesis, then, to occur.
Type at least 3 adaptions they have and explain how these adaptions help them survive in their environments
Idea popular to the public, based on bad science.
The answer is 10 letters
An idea popular to the public, based on bad science is "pseudoscience".
What is pseudoscience?Pseudoscience is a claim, discovery, or system of reasoning that is presented as science but lacks the objectivity required by the scientific process. Research that is founded on flawed hypotheses, an ineffective experimental plan, or flawed data can also lead to pseudoscience.
Cognitive prejudice and belief-dependent realism are two psychological foundations for pseudoscience.
Examples of pseudoscience include palmistry, phrenology, and physiognomy.
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Imagine you have just purchased a black stallion of unknown genotype. You mate him to a red mare, and she delivers twin foals, one red and one black. Can you tell from these results how color is inherited, assuming that alternative alleles of a single gene are involved? What crosses could you do to work this out?
Answer:
Explanation:
The results of the twin foals, one red and one black, suggest that the black stallion is heterozygous for the gene-controlling coat color and that the mare is homozygous for the recessive allele.
Assuming that the black coat color is dominant and the red coat color is recessive, we can represent the genotypes of the parents as follows:
Black stallion: Bb (heterozygous)
Red mare: bb (homozygous recessive)
The possible gametes that the black stallion can produce are B and b, while the red mare can only produce b. The Punnett square for the mating of these two horses would be:
| B | b
--|----|----
b | Bb | bb
b | Bb | bb
As we can see, each foal has a 50% chance of inheriting the dominant B allele and being black and a 50% chance of inheriting the recessive b allele and being red. Therefore, the occurrence of one red and one black foal is consistent with the hypothesis that alternative alleles of a single gene determine coat color.
To confirm this hypothesis, we could cross the black stallion to different colored mares. For example, if we mate the black stallion to another red mare and all the offspring are red, this would support the hypothesis that the black stallion is heterozygous for the gene-controlling coat color. Conversely, if we mate the black stallion to a black mare and get a 1:1 ratio of black and red offspring, this would also support the hypothesis that the black stallion is heterozygous for the gene.
Homeostatis Complete the Negative Feedback loop to "The level of a sex harmone, tesosterone (T), is controlled by negative feedback
This negative feedback loop helps to maintain the T level within a narrow range, ensuring proper physiological functioning and development."
What is Hormone?
A hormone is a chemical substance produced by specialized cells or glands in the body that acts as a messenger to regulate and coordinate various physiological processes, including growth and development, metabolism, reproduction, and behavior. Hormones are secreted into the bloodstream, which carries them to target cells or organs in the body where they bind to specific receptors, triggering a response. Hormones can be classified as either peptide hormones, which are made up of amino acids, or steroid hormones, which are derived from cholesterol. Some hormones act quickly and have short-term effects, while others act more slowly and have long-lasting effects.
When the level of T in the bloodstream reaches a certain set point, it is detected by the hypothalamus in the brain. The hypothalamus signals to the pituitary gland to stop secreting luteinizing hormone (LH). LH is the hormone that stimulates the production of T in the testes. As a result of the signal from the hypothalamus, the production of T decreases, causing its level in the bloodstream to decrease. This decrease in T level is detected by the hypothalamus, which then reduces its signal to the pituitary gland.
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Please view and answer images Please view and answer images Please view and answer images Please view and answer images Please view and answer images
Absorbing photons and using the excite electrons, G3P, Glucose and oxygen, Krebs cycle, it produces 2ATP gas, and an organic acid.
What is glucose ?
It is a monosaccharide, which means "one sugar," and is the most basic type of carbohydrate (carb). Fructose, galactose, and ribose are examples of other monosaccharides. This is the form in which the body eventually transforms food glucose and other carbs into blood glucose.
What is krebs cycle ?
The series of chemical reactions that most live cells go through to produce energy during the process of aerobic respiration. ADP is transformed into energy-dense ATP during this process, which takes place in the mitochondria. Oxygen is used up during this process, while waste products produced include carbon dioxide and water.
Therefore, Absorbing photons and using the excite electrons, G3P, Glucose and oxygen, Krebs cycle, it produces 2ATP gas, and an organic acid.
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A cladogram of five species is shown. Based on the cladogram, the ancestral species most likely had-
18 1 point
When carrying out an investigation to extract DNA from a cell, what is the purpose of the warm water bath?
To cause the protein and other cellular debris to sink to the bottom of the tube.
O To extract the DNA from the solution.
It causes protein and other cellular debris to collect.
It frees the DNA from the cells.
The purpose of the warm water bath is "It frees the DNA from the cells".
option D.
What is the purpose of warm water bath?The purpose of the warm water bath in DNA extraction is to lyse or break open the cells, which releases the DNA into the solution.
The warm water helps to disrupt the cell membrane and other cell structures, such as the nuclear membrane, and also helps to denature proteins and enzymes that could degrade the DNA. This process allows the DNA to be extracted from the solution using various techniques such as precipitation or column purification. The warm water bath is not used to cause protein or cellular debris to collect or sink to the bottom of the tube.
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unlike estrogen, progestron inhibit FSH andLH. a)true b)false
Answer:
The answer is TRUE. :)
Explanation:
These studies showed that the effect of progesterone administered for periods of 1 to 6 h enhanced the secretion of LH and FSH whereas progesterone administered for periods beyond 12 h inhibited FSH and LH release by dispersed pituitary cells in culture.
5. What is famine?
can anyone tel me what is famine
Answer:famine is nothing to eat
Explanation:
:famine is nothing to eat and animals die
What is one way a forest is ecologically valuable? Economically?
Answer:
Forests are ecologically valuable in many ways. They provide habitat for wildlife, prevent soil erosion, act as a carbon sink, create oxygen, and maintain water cycles. Ecologically, forests are also important as they provide natural resources like timber, firewood, and medicinal plants. Economically, forests are important sources of income for many communities, as they provide employment opportunities through industries like timber, forestry, and tourism. Forests are also essential sources of raw materials for many industries, such as paper and furniture manufacturing
Explanation: