2,4-Dimethylpent-2-ene undergoes an electrophilic addition reaction in the presence of HBr to form 2-bromo-2,4-dimethylpentane. Complete the mechanism of this addition and draw the intermediates formed as the reaction proceeds.

Answer:

Hydroxyl

Explanation:

A hydroxyl group is a functional group that attaches to some molecules containing an oxygen and hydrogen atom, bonded together. Also spelled hydroxy, this functional group provides important functions to both alcohols and carboxylic acids.

The functional groups are the part of the organic chemistry that confers the characteristic feature of a molecule. The molecule has a hydroxyl group in its structure. Thus, option C is correct.

Hydroxyl functional groups are the atoms or molecules that provide a distinctive property to a compound. It has a chemical formula of -OH that has oxygen covalently bonded to the hydrogen atom.

The hydroxyl group is called the alcohol group that is seen in methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc. The presence of hydrogen allows the compound to form a water bond with other molecules and makes them soluble and polar.

Therefore, option C. the molecule has a hydroxyl or alcoholic functional group attached to its carbon atom.

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Answer:

the mass of FeSO4.7H2O  in  the 2.810 g sample was 1.5402 g

Explanation:

From the given information:

Two  moles of FeSO4.7H2O = one mole of  Fe2O3

Let recall that:

number of moles of  Fe2O3 = mass of  Fe2O3 / molar mass of  Fe2O3

Given that :

mass of Fe2O3 = 0.443 g

number of moles of  Fe2O3 = 0.443 g/ 159.69 g/mol

number of moles of  Fe2O3 = 0.00277 mol

Thus;

number of moles of FeSO4.7H2O = 2 ×  Fe2O3

number of moles of FeSO4.7H2O = 2 × 0.00277 mol

number of moles of FeSO4.7H2O = 0.00554 mol

However from the usual stoichiometry formula; the mass of a substance = number of moles  × molar mass

Now; the mass of FeSO4.7H2O = number of moles × molar mass

the mass of FeSO4.7H2O = 0.00554 mol × 278.01 g/mol

the mass of FeSO4.7H2O = 1.5402 g

Therefore; the mass of FeSO4.7H2O  in  the 2.810 g sample was 1.5402 g

Answer:

[tex]148~ATP[/tex]

Explanation:

In case, we can start with the structure of [tex]CH_3(CH_2)_2_0CO_2H[/tex]. When we draw the molecule, we will obtain a total amount of 22 carbons. So, in order to calculate the total amount of ATP we have to make several questions:

How many Acetyl CoA is produced?

To calculate the total Acetyl Coa we have to use the equation:

[tex]Number~of~Acetyl~Coa=\frac{n}{2}[/tex], where n is the amount of carbons, so:

[tex]Number~of~Acetyl~Coa=\frac{22}{2}=11~carbons[/tex]

How many rounds take place?

To calculate the rounds we have to use the equation:

[tex]Number~of~rounds=\frac{n}{2}-1[/tex], where n is the amount of carbons, so:

[tex]Number~of~Acetyl~Coa=\frac{22}{2}-1=10~carbons[/tex]

How many [tex]FADH_2[/tex] and [tex]NADH[/tex] are produced for this fatty acid?

For each round, we will have 1 [tex]FADH_2[/tex] and 1 [tex]NADH[/tex], if we have 10 rounds. In total, we will have 10

How many ATP are formed?

The ATP would be formed in the electron transport chain and each coenzyme will have a different yield of ATP. So for the total calculation, we have to keep in mind the following relationships:

-) [tex]1~FADH_2~=~1.5~ATP [/tex]

-) [tex]1~NADH~=~2.5~ATP [/tex]

-) [tex]Acetyl~CoA~=~10~ATP[/tex]

So, know we can do the total calculation:

[tex](10*1.5)+(10*2.5)+(11*10)=150[/tex]

We have to subtract  "2 ATP" molecules that correspond to the activation of the fatty acid, so:

[tex]150-2=148~ATP[/tex]

In total, we will have 148 ATP.

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Answer:

This description shows a methyl group.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Hello,

Among the options given on the attached document, since phenolic functional group is characterized by a benzene ring bonded with a hydroxyl group (C₆H₅OH) we can see that the first option correctly points out such description. Thus, answer is on the second attached picture. Other options are related with other sections found in eugenol that are not phenolic.

Best regards.

The first option identified the phenol in eugenol.

According to the attached image, since the phenolic functional group should be characterized by a benzene ring bonded along with a hydroxyl group (C₆H₅OH) so here we can see that the first option correctly points out such description. However, other options are related to other sections found in eugenol that are not phenolic.

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A heterogeneous mixture​

Answer:

The concentrations are: [K⁺] = 1.2 M, [OH⁻] = 0.016 M, [CO₃²⁻] = 1.18 M and [H⁺] = 6.25x10⁻¹³ M.

Explanation:

The dissociation equation of K₂CO₃ in water is:

K₂CO₃(aq) ⇄  K⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq)     (1)

Also, the CO₃²⁻ will react with water as follows:

CO₃²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ HCO₃⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq)    (2)

The constant of the reaction (2) is:    

[tex] Kb = \frac{[OH^{-}][HCO_{3}^{-}]}{[CO_{3}^{-2}]} = 2.08 \cdot 10^{-4} [/tex]

The solution of K₂CO₃ is 1.2 M, and since the mole ratio of K₂CO₃ with K⁺ and CO₃²⁻ is 1:1, then we have:                      

[tex] [K_{2}CO_{3}] = [K^{+}] = [CO_{3}^{-2}] = 1.2 M [/tex]

Now, from equation (2) we have:

CO₃²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ HCO₃⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq)    (3)

1.2 - x                                x               x

[tex] 2.08 \cdot 10^{-4} = \frac{[OH^{-}][HCO_{3}^{-}]}{[CO_{3}^{-2}]} [/tex]

[tex] 2.08 \cdot 10^{-4} = \frac{x^{2}}{1.2 - x} [/tex]

[tex] 2.08 \cdot 10^{-4}*(1.2 - x) - x^{2} = 0 [/tex]    (4)  

By solving equation (4) for x we have:

x = 0.016 M = [HCO₃⁻] = [OH⁻]        

Hence, the CO₃²⁻ concentration is:                        

[CO₃²⁻] = 1.2 M - 0.016 M = 1.18 M

Finally, the concentration of [H⁺] is:

[tex] [H^{+}][OH^{-}] = 10^{-14} [/tex]

[tex][H^{+}] = \frac{10^{-14}}{[OH^{-}]} = \frac{10^{-14}}{0.016} = 6.25 \cdot 10^{-13} M[/tex]      

Therefore, the concentrations are: [K⁺] = 1.2 M, [OH⁻] = 0.016 M, [CO₃²⁻] = 1.18 M and [H⁺] = 6.25x10⁻¹³ M.

I hope it helps you!

Answer:

Produces Wind Currents

Explanation:

Answer:

produces wind currents

Explanation:

i just took the test and got it right :}

Answer:

0.900 V

Explanation:

Oxidation half cell;

2Al(s) -----> 2Al^3+(aq) + 6e

Reduction half equation;

3Zn^2+(aq) + 6e ----> 3Zn(s)

E°anode = -1.66V

E°cathode= -0.76 V

E°cell= E°cathode - E°anode

E°cell= -0.76-(-1.66)

E°cell= 0.900 V

Answer:

The molecules expand and become wider.

Explanation:

Answer:

The molecules move at a faster rate.

Explanation:

Temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of molecules, so when the temperature of water molecules increases, they have a higher average kinetic energy.

They move at a faster rate. The distance between the molecules only increases when they become gas where they break apart from the bondings with the other water molecules.

Answer:

3.1 L

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Step 2: Calculate the moles of oxygen

The molar mass of oxygen is 32.00 g/mol.

[tex]3.1g \times \frac{1mol}{32.00g} = 0.097mol[/tex]

Step 3: Calculate the volume of the container

We will use the ideal gas equation.

P × V = n × R × T

V = n × R × T / P

V = 0.097 mol × (0.0821 atm.L/mol.K) × 390 K / 1.00 atm

V = 3.1 L

Answer:

5.81 g/L

Explanation:

Let's apply the Ideal Gases Law to determine this:

P . V = n . R . T

Pressure = 1.6 atm

Volume = ?

Mol = 1 mol

Temperature = 96 K

In order to find the density, we should know the volume of the atmosphere which is a mixture of gases so, we consider all the atmosphere as a unique ideal gas.

1. 6 atm . V = 1 mol . 0.082 L.atm/mol.K . 96K

V = (1 mol . 0.082 L.atm/mol.K . 96K) / 1.6 atm

V = 4.92 L → As this is the volume for the whole atmosphere and the mass of 1 mol is 28.6 g, density should be:

28.6 g / 4.92L = 5.81 g/L

Density → mass / volume

Answer:

Explanation:

C₂H₄(g) + 3O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)

In this reaction we see that 3 moles of O₂ reacts with one mole of C₂H₄ .

Hence rate of disappearance of O₂ is 3 times faster .

- d [O₂] / dt = - 3 d [ C₂ H₄ ] / dt

Putting the given value

.23 = 3 d [ C₂ H₄ ] / dt

d [ C₂ H₄ ] / dt  = .23 / 3

= .077 M / s

Hence the rate of disappearance of C₂ H₄ is .077 moles / s .

Answer:

Explanation:

Mn( NO₃ )₂ + 2Na OH = Mn( OH)₂ (s) ↓ +  2Na NO₃

Converting into ions

Mn⁺ + 2 NO₃⁻ + 2 Na⁺ + 2 OH⁻ = Mn( OH)₂ + 2 Na⁻ + 2 NO₃⁻

Cancelling out common terms

Mn⁺ + 2 OH⁻ = Mn( OH)₂

this is net ionic equation required.

Answer:

Your answer will either be 22.9897 or 22.990 !!

Explanation:

Answer:

Combination of H2N(CH2)8NH2 and HOOC(CH2)6COOH leads to the loss of water molecules at each linkage position.

Explanation:

A condensation polymer is a polymer formed when two monomers combine with the elimination of a small molecule such as water. The removal of the small molecule occurs at the point where the two monomers are joined to each other.

Nylon is known to form condensation polymers. This is because it involves the linkage of an -OH group to an -NH2 group. Water is eliminated in the process.

In the case of H2N(CH2)8NH2 and HOOC(CH2)6COOH, linkage of the both monomers at the 8 position of each chain leads to the formation of nylon- 8,8 with loss of water molecules at each linkage position. This stepwise loss of water molecules at each linkage makes it a condensation polymer.

Answer:

92.93 g

Explanation:

Number of half lives that have elapsed in eight days =8/14.3 = 0.559

Fraction of the radioactive nuclide that remains after 0.559 half lives is given by

N/No=(1/2)^0.559

Where N= mass of radioactive nuclides remaining after a time t

No= mass of radioactive nuclides originally present

N/No=(1/2)^0.559= 0.679

Mass of nuclides present eight days before= 63.1g/0.679

Mass of nuclides present eight days before=92.93 g

Answer:

7.67 mins.

Explanation:

Data obtained from the question include the following:

Volume (V) = 0.0760 L

Temperature (T) = 298 K

Pressure (P) = 1 atm

Current (I) = 2.60 A

Time (t) =?

Next, we shall determine the number of mole (n) of O2 contained in 0.0760 L.

This can be obtained by using the ideal gas equation as follow:

Note:

Gas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol

PV = nRT

1 x 0.0760 = n x 0.0821 x 298

Divide both side by 0.0821 x 298

n = 0.0760 / (0.0821 x 298)

n = 0.0031 mole

Next, we shall determine the quantity of electricity needed to liberate 0.0031 mole of O2.

This is illustrated below:

2O²¯ + 4e —> O2

Recall:

1 faraday = 1e = 96500 C

4e = 4 x 96500 C

4e = 386000 C

From the balanced equation above,

386000 C of electricity liberated 1 mole of O2.

Therefore, X C of electricity will liberate 0.0031 mole of O2 i.e

X C = 386000 X 0.0031

X C = 1196.6 C

Therefore, 1196.6 C of electricity is needed to liberate 0.0031 mole of O2

Next, we shall determine the time taken for the process. This can be obtained as follow:

Current (I) = 2.60 A

Quantity of electricity (Q) = 1196.6 C

Time (t) =?

Q = It

1196.6 = 2.6 x t

Divide both side by 2.6

t = 1196.6/2.6

t = 460.23 secs.

Finally, we shall convert 460.23 secs to minute. This can be achieved by doing the following:

60 secs = 1 min

Therefore,

460.23 secs = 460.23/60 = 7.67 mins

Therefore, the process took 7.67 mins.

Answer:

[tex]M=0.763\frac{mol}{L}=0.763M[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, as the osmotic pressure (π) is widely known as a colligative property, we can see that the solution in this case is formed by water and tree sap, that is mathematically defined by:

[tex]\pi =iMRT[/tex]

Thus, since tree sap is a covalent substance that is nonionizing, we can infer its van't Hoff factor to be 1, therefore, for the given osmotic pressure and temperature, we can compute the molar concentration (in molar units mol/L) as follows:

[tex]M=\frac{\pi }{RT} =\frac{19.1atm}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*(32+273.15)K} \\\\M=0.763\frac{mol}{L}=0.763M[/tex]

Best regards.

Answer:

-The other substances that give a positive test with AgNO3 are other chlorides present, iodides and bromide.

-It is reasonable to exclude iodides and bromides but it is not reasonable to exclude other chlorides

Explanation:

In the qualitative determination of halogen ions, silver nitrate solution(AgNO3) is usually used. Now, various halide ions will give various colours of precipitate when mixed with with silver nitrate. For example, chlorides(Cl-) normally yield a white precipitate, bromides(Br-) normally yield a cream precipitate while iodides (I-) normally yield a yellow precipitate. Thus, all these ions or some of them may be present in the system.

With that being said, if other chlorides are present, they will also yield a white precipitate just like KCl leading to a false positive test for KCl. However, since other halogen ions yield precipitates of different colours, they don't lead to a false test for KCl. Thus, we can exclude other halides from the tendency to give us a false positive test for KCl but not other chlorides.

Answer:

[tex]255.71~g~C_2H_5OH[/tex]

Explanation:

First, we have to check if the reaction is balanced:

[tex]C_6H_1_2O_6_(_s_)~->~2C_2H_5OH_(_l_)~+~2CO_2_(_g_)[/tex]

We have 6 carbon atoms on both sides, 12 hydrogens, and 6 oxygens. So, we can continue with the problem. If we want to calculate the mass of ethanol ([tex]C_2H_5OH[/tex]) we need to know:

1) Molar mass of glucose ([tex]C_6H_12O_6[/tex])

In this case, we have to know the atomic mass of each atom:

-) C 12 g/mol

-) O 16 g/mol

-) H 1 g/mol

With the formula we can calculate the molar mass:

(12*6) + (16*6) + (1*12) = 180 g/mol

2) Molar ratio between glucose and ethanol

In the balanced equation we have 1 mol of [tex]C_6H_12O_6[/tex] and 2 moles of [tex]C_2H_5OH[/tex]. So the molar mass is 1:2

3) Molar mass of ethanol ([tex]C_2H_5OH[/tex])

With the formula, we can calculate the molar mass:

(12*2) + (6*1) + (16*1) = 46 g/mol

Finally, we can to the calculation:

[tex]500.0g~C_6H_12O_6\frac{1mol~C_6H_12O_6}{180g~C_6H_12O_6}\frac{2mol~C_2H_5OH}{1mol~C_6H_12O_6}\frac{46g~C_2H_5OH}{1mol~C_2H_5OH}=255.71g~C_2H_5OH[/tex]

I hope it helps!

The branch of science which deals with chemicals and bonds is called chemistry.

The correct answer for the question is 255g of ethanol.

The process of digesting the glucose in absence of oxygen is called fermentation.

Before solving the question, we must check the atoms of compound and balanced it.

The molar mass of the glucose is as follows:

After balancing the equation, the mole ratio of the glucose vs ethanol is 1:2

The molar mass of the ethanol is as follows:-

[tex]C_2H_5OH[/tex] =[tex]12*2) + (6*1) + (16*1) = 46 g/mol[/tex]

After diving each molar mass of each compound with respect to its mole ratio. The mass of the ethanol produced is 255g.

Hence, the correct answer is 255g.

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Answer:

the freezing of liquid water into ice

Explanation:

Entropy is the degree of disorderliness of a system, entropy is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system. An extensive property of a system is one whose value changes with the number of particles or the amount of matter present in the system.

Gases possess the greatest entropy among the States of matter followed by liquids and lastly solids. Solid particles do not translate because they are held by strong intermolecular forces.

Hence, a change from liquid to solid implies a decrease in entropy since the solid state possesses less entropy in comparison to the liquid state, hence the answer.

The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:

Identify the solutions that will form a precipitate when mixed with aqueous barium chloride, BaCl2 (aq). Select all that apply. potassium carbonate, K2CO3 (aq) silver nitrate, AgNO3(aq) sulfuric acid, H2SO4 (aq) sodium hydroxide, NaOH(aq) sodium chloride, NaCl (aq) copper(II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 (aq)

Answer:

The aqueous solution of BaCl2 form precipitate with potassium carbonate, silver nitrate, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide.

Explanation:

The formation of an insoluble salt, which takes place when two solutions comprising soluble salts are reacted with each other, the reaction is termed as precipitation reaction. The insoluble salt produced in the given reaction is termed as the precipitate.  

BaCl₂ reacts with K₂CO₃ to produce white precipitate in the form of BaCO₃,  

BaCl₂ (aq) + K₂CO₃ (aq) ⇒ BaCO₃ (s) + 2KCl (aq)

BaCl₂ reacts with H₂SO₄ to produce white precipitate in the form of BaSO₄,  

BaCl₂ (aq) + H₂SO₄ (aq) ⇒ BaSO₄ (s) + 2HCl (aq)

BaCl₂ (aq) reacts with NaOH to produce white precipitate in the form of Ba(OH)2,  

BaCl₂ (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) ⇒ Ba(OH)2 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)

BaCl₂ reacts with AgNO₃ to produce white precipitate in the form of 2AgCl (s),  

BaCl₂ (aq) + 2AgNO₃ (aq) ⇒ Ba(NO₃)₂ (aq) + 2AgCl (s)

Upon reaction of BaCl₂ with Cu(NO₃)₂ no formation of precipitate takes place, and BaCl₂ does not react with NaCl.  

Answer:

ΔH =-47.3kJ

Explanation:

You must know standard enthalpy is defined as change of enthalpy during the formation of 1 mole of the substance from its constituent elements

You can find the standard enthalpy of any reaction from the sum of another similar reactions (Hess's law) as follows:

For methylamine, CH₃NH₂ is:

C(s) + 5/2 H₂(g) + 1/2 N₂(g) → CH₃NH₂ (l)

1. C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g); ΔH=-393.5 kJ

2. 2H₂O(l) → 2H₂(g) + O₂(g); ΔH=571.6 kJ

3. 1/2N₂(g) + O₂(g) → NO₂(g); ΔH=33.10kJ

4. 4CH₃NH₂(l) + 13O₂(g) → 4CO₂(g) + 4NO₂(g) + 10H₂O(l); ΔH=-4110.4 kJ

The sum of (1)+(3) produce:

C(s) + 2O₂(g) + 1/2N₂(g) → CO₂(g) + NO₂(g) ΔH=-393.5kJ + 33.10kJ = -360.4kJ

-5/4 (2):

C(s) + 13/4O₂(g) + 1/2N₂(g) + 5/2H₂(g) → CO₂(g) + NO₂(g) + 5/2 H₂O(l)

ΔH= -360.4kJ -5/4 (571.6kJ) = -1074.9kJ

And this reaction -1/4 (4):

C(s) + 5/2 H₂(g) + 1/2 N₂(g) → CH₃NH₂(l)

ΔH= -1074.9kJ -1/4(-4110.4kJ)

Now, you can confirm the calculated answer!

Answer:

H20 is an acid and OH is its conjugate base.​

Explanation:

Chemical reactions involving acids and bases occur. An acid is a substance that dissociates in water i.e. lose an hydrogen ion/proton. According to the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory, when an acid dissociates in water and loses its hydrogen ion, the resulting substance that forms is the CONJUGATE BASE. A conjugate base is the compound formed as a result of the removal of an H+ ion from an acid.

Based on the chemical reaction in the question, NaHCO3 + H20 = H2CO3 + OH- + Na+

The H20 loses its hydrogen ion (H+) to form an anion OH-. This anion formed is the conjugate base while H20 is its acid.

Answer:

C. ammonia, nitrogen gas, nitrous oxide, nitrite, nitrate

Explanation:

To establish the oxidation number of nitrogen in each compound, we know that the sum of the oxidation numbers of the elements is equal to the charge of the species.

Nitrite ion (NO₂⁻)

1 × N + 2 × O = -1

1 × N + 2 × (-2) = -1

N = +3

Nitrous oxide (NO)

1 × N + 1 × O = 0

1 × N + 1 × (-2) = 0

N = +2

Nitrate ion (NO₃⁻)

1 × N + 3 × O = -1

1 × N + 3 × (-2) = -1

N = +5

Ammonia (NH₃)

1 × N + 3 × H = 0

1 × N + 3 × (+1) = 0

N = -3

Nitrogen gas (N₂)

2 × N = 0

N = 0

The order of increasing nitrogen oxidation state is:

C. ammonia, nitrogen gas, nitrous oxide, nitrite, nitrate

Answer:

103.62 g of AgCl.

Explanation:

Step 1:

The balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

2AgNO3 + MgCl2 —> 2AgCl + Mg(NO3)2

Step 2:

Determination of the mass of MgCl2 that reacted and the mass of AgCl produced from the balanced equation.

This is illustrated below:

Molar mass of MgCl2 = 24 + (2x35.5) = 95 g/mol

Mass of MgCl2 from the balanced equation = 1 x 95 = 95 g

Molar mass of AgCl = 108 + 35.5 = 143.5 g/mol

Mass of AgCl from the balanced equation = 2 x 143.5 = 287 g

Thus, from the balanced equation above,

95 g of MgCl2 reacted to produce 287 g of AgCl.

Step 3:

Determination of the mass of AgCl produced from the reaction of 34.3 g of MgCl2.

The mass of AgCl produced from the reaction can be obtained as follow:

Form the balanced equation above,

95 g of MgCl2 reacted to produce 287 g of AgCl.

Therefore, 34.3 g of MgCl2 will react to produce = (34.3 x 287)/95 = 103.62 g of AgCl.

Therefore, 103.62 g of AgCl were produced from the reaction.

Answer:

It will not achieve the desired separation

Explanation:

Chromatography is a separation method that involves the use of a stationary phase and a mobile phase. The stationary phase is immobile, in the particular instance of this question, the stationary phase is paper. The mobile phase is the appropriate solvent, in this case, a salt-water solution.

If the level of solvent is above the dye spots, it will introduce error into the separation. The solvent (if volatile) may evaporate without drawing up and separating the solute. Secondly, the solvent may simply dissolve the spots without achieving any meaningful separation of the components in the system. This second reason is particularly why the salt solution must be below the dye spots in this chromatographic separation.

Answer:

an increase in K occurs,which results in a faster rate

if the temperature is increased for a reaction, An increase in k occurs, which results in a faster rate of reaction. Hence, Option (D) is correct.

A coefficient of proportionality relating the rate of a chemical reaction at a given temperature to the concentration of reactant (in a unimolecular reaction) or to the product of the concentrations of reactants.

It is represented as 'K'

The negative exponential relationship between k and the temperature indicates that as temperature increases, the value of k also increases.

Since the rate constant can be determined experimentally over a range of temperatures, the activation energy can be calculated using the Arrhenius equation.

Therefore, if the temperature is increased for a reaction, An increase in k occurs, which results in a faster rate of reaction. Hence, Option (D) is correct.

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Answer:

2 electrons

Explanation: